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¥t¦³¾ÇªÌ«ü¥X¡A¥»¬q¦b¤º®e¤ÎµüĦ¤W³£»P¤ü¾§¬£­õ¤hÀ¹¶ø©}±ô¦h¼Ò2¡]¥D«á40¦~¦Ü¬ù120¦~¡^¹ï²z·Q¤§¤ü¾§­õ¤hªº´y¼g«D±`¬Û¦ü¡A¥H¤U¦UÂI¥i¨Ñ¤ñ¸û¡G¡]¤@¡^À¹¶ø»¡¦³¨Ç¤ü¾§¥D¸qªÌÄß©Èú󲳪º¡u­â°d¡v¡A¤£ªÖ±²¤J¥Í©Rªº¡u®æ°«¡v¤¤¡A¥L­Ìªº¸Ü¥i»¡¬O¡u®{µM¡vªº¡F¯u¥¿ªº­õ¤h«h¡u©ñ¶}Áx¶q¡v­±¹ïú󲳡A¦]¬°¯«½çµ¹¥L«i®ð¡C«Où»¡ÁöµM¥L´¿³Q®`¨ü°d¡A¥Lªº¨ì³X¤£¬O®{µMªº¡F¬Û¤Ï¦a¡A¥L¦b¤jª§¾Ô¤¤¤´µM¾aú¦¯«©ñÁx«ÅÁ¿ºÖ­µ¡C¡]¤G¡^À¹¶ø»¡¦¿´ò³N¤h¬OÄF¤Hªº¡A¥L­Ì§â¤H±a¶i¿ùÂÕùØ¥h¡C¦ý«OùÁn¨¥¥L©ÒÁ¿ªº¨Ã¤£¬O¥X©ó¿ù»~¡C¡]¤T¡^¹ïÀ¹¶ø¨Ó»¡¡A²z·Qªº­õ¤h©ÒÁ¿ªº¬O¥X¦Û¯Â¼äªº¤ß¡A¤£§t¸Þ¶B¦¨¥÷¦b¤º¡F«Où»¡¥Lªº©IÆ~¨ÃµL¤£¼äªº°Ê¾÷¡A¤]¤£¬O¥Î¸Þ¶B¡C¡]¥|¡^¯u¥¿ªº­õ¤g¤£·|¬°ºaÄ£©Îª÷¿ú¬I±Ð¡A¤]¤£·|½Ô´A¤H¡F«OùÁnºÙ¥L¨S¦³¥H¶Ç¹D¬°¦W¡B¥H¹Ï§Q¬°¹ê¡A¤]¨S¦³¦V¤H¨DºaÄ£©Î©^©Ó¥L­Ì¡C¡]¤­¡^À¹¶ø©M«Où³£¦ÛºÙ¬O¨ü¯«¤Þ¾É¦ÓÁ¿¸Üªº¡C¡]¤»¡^À¹¶ø±j½Õ¡A­õªÌ¤£À³Á`¬O¥H­V¨èªººA«×¹ï«ÝÅ¥²³¡A¦³®É­n¹³·O¤÷©Î·Å¬X¹³¨Å¥À¡F«Où¥Î¤F¦P¼Ëªº¹Ï¶H¡C°ò©ó³o¨Ç¤ñ¸û¡A³o¦ì¾ÇªÌµ²½×»¡¡A«Où¦b¥»¬q¨Ï¥Î¤F¤ü¾§¶Ç²Î¹ï²z·Q¤§­õ¤hªº´yø¨Ó´y­z¦a¦b©««°¨Æ©^ªº±¡§Î¡F¦Ó¥B¡A´N¦p§Ú­Ì¤£¯àÃÒ©úÀ¹¶ø¬O¦b¬°¦Û¤v´£¥XµªÅG¡A»é¥¸§O¤H¹ï¥Lªº§ðÀ»¡A¦P¼Ë¡A§Ú­Ì¤]¤£¯à±q¥»¬qÂ_©w¡A«Où·í®É¬O°w¹ï¤@¨Ç¹ê¦bªº¼Ä¹ïªÌ´£¥X¦ÛÅG¡C3¥i¬O¡AÀ¹¶ø¬OÅ¢²Î¦a¦b´y¼g¡u²z·Qªº­õ¤g¡v³oÃþ§Oªº¤Hª«¡A«Où«o¬O¨ãÅé¦a¦b´y¼g¤T­Ó­Ó§Oªº¤Hª«¡]°Ñ¤@1¡^ªºªí²{¡F4«Où­Y¤£¬O­n¬°¦Û¤vÅGÅ@¡A§Ú­Ì«KÃø¥H¸ÑÄÀ¬°¦ó¥»¬q¸òÀ¹¶ø©Ò´y¼gªº²z·Q­õ¤g¦³¨º»ò¦h¬Û¦üªº¦a¤è¡F¦Ó¥B«Où¦b¥»¬q¦h¦¸¥HŪªÌ©Òª¾¹Dªº¨Æ¥H¤Î¯«ªºÅ³¹î¬°ÃÒ¡]1¡B2¡B5¡B9¡B10¡B11¸`¡^¢w¢w°ò©ó³o¨Ç¦]¯À¡A»{¬°¥»¬q¤Ï¬M¤F¤@¨Ç¤H¹ï«Où¤Î¨ä¦P¤uªº§åµû©Î·´Á½¡A¬O¸û¬°¦X²zªº¬Ýªk¡C

Ãö©ó¥»¬q³Ì¥i¯àªº¸ÑÄÀ¡A¬O»{¬°´£¼¯¤Ó¦b¥Lµ¹«Oùªº³ø§i¤¤¡A¤£³æ´£¨ì¤T³¹¤»¸`¨º­Ó¦n®ø®§¡A¤]´£¨ìµS¤Ó¤H¦b©««°Ä~Äò¡]°Ñ®{¤Q¤C5-9¡^¥L­Ìªº¤ÏºÖ­µ¬¡°Ê¡G¥L­ÌÁà¤Æ«Où¶ÇºÖ­µªº°Ê¾÷¡A§â¥L©ñ¦b·í¤é¥R¥¸¦U§Æþ«°É]¡B¥H±À¾P¦UºØ©v±Ð©Î¾Ç»¡ºû¥Íªº¨µ°j¡u«Å±Ð¤h¡vªº¦æ¦C¤¤¡A¥L­Ì¤S¥Î«Où¿ð¿ð¤£¦^©««°±´±æ«H®{ªº¨Æ¹ê§ðÀ»¥L¡]°Ñ¤G17-18¡^¡A»¡¥L¨ä¹ê¨Ã¤£Ãö¤ß«H®{¡A¥uÃö¤ß¦Û¤vªº¦W»P§Q¡C5¥L­Ì³oºØ·´Á½«Oùªº¬Fµ¦­Y¬O¦¨¥\ªº¸Ü¡A§Y¬O©«¤H­Y¹ï«Oùªº°Ê¾÷©M«~®æ²£¥ÍÃhºÃªº¸Ü¡A©«¤H¹ïºÖ­µªº«H¤ß¤]´N¥²¤j¬°°Ê·n¡C¦]¦¹«Où¦b¥»¬q¸Ô²Ó¦a©M¨è·N¦a¸ÑÄÀ¡A¥L©M¥Lªº¦P¤u¦b«H®§¡B°Ê¾÷¤Î¦æ¬°¦U¤è­±¡A³£»P·í¤éªº²§±Ð­õ¤h¦³§O¡C­Õ­Y¦³³¡¥÷¡]§Y¨Ï¬O¤Ö¼Æ¡^ªº«H®{¤w¨ü¨ìµS¤Ó¤HªºÁÁ¨¥¼vÅTªº¸Ü¡A6§Ú­Ì«K§ó®e©ö¤F¸Ñ«Où¬°¬Æ»ò¥Î¤F³o»ò¦hªº½g´T¬°¦Û¤v©M¦P¤uÅGÅ@¡C¬Ý¨Ó¥LªºÅGÅ@¬O¦¨¥\ªº¡A¦]¬°«á®Ñ§¹¥þ¨S¦³¥»¬q¦ÛÅGªº¦^ÅT¡C

 

1 Dunn, Jesus 269.¦¹¥~¡A§@ªÌ¥ç¤Þ©««e¤­19-22¤Î©««á¤G2¡]¤×¨ä¬O«á¤@¬q¡^¥H¤ä«ù¨ä»¡¡C

2 Dio Chrysostom, Cynic philosopher.

3 A.J. Malherbe, as reported in NTA ¡±15(1970-71)-620; 'Exhortation' 248; Paul 74-75; Cf. Boers, 'Form Critical Study' 150; Hock, Social Context 48-49; Collins 183-187.

4 §Y¬Ogeneral and generic©Mspecific and individualªº¤À§O¡C

5 Cf. e.g., K.H. Rengstorf, TDNT I 411 with n.29; G. Friedrich, TDNT III 693; L. Coenen, NIDNTT III 50; Neil 50; Moffatt 6; Best 21-22. Betz('Problem of Rhetoric' 22-23)±q­×Ãã¾Çªº¨¤«×¬Ý¥»¬q¡A«ü¥X«Où¦ÛÅG¤§ªk¡A´N¬OÁ|¥X¨âºØ¬Û¤ÏÃþ«¬ªº¤H§@¬°¹ï¤ñ¡G¦¿´ò­¦¤¤»P¯«ªº¯u¨ÏªÌ¬Û¹ï¡]3-4¡^¡F°²ªB¤Í¡]¥L¥Î¡u½Ô´Aªº¸Ü¡v¡AùØ­±¡u°²ú¦³g¤ß¡v¡A¬°­n¡u¦V¡K¡K¤H¨DºaÄ£¡v¡^»P¯uªB¤Í¡]¥L³s¦Û¤v¤]¤£±¤»P¤H¤À¨É¡^¬Û¹ï¡F¥©¨¥µ½ÅGªºÄF¤l»P¥H¸ÛÀµ¥O¤H«HªAªÌ¬Û¹ï¡CÃö©ó«Où¦b©««°ªº¼Ä¹ïªÌªº¨­¥÷¸û¸Ô²Óªº°Q½×¡A¥i°ÑMarshall 16-20; esp. Best 16-22.¤G¦ì§@ªÌ³£«ü¥X¡A»¡¬°«Oùªº¼Ä¹ïªÌ¬O¡uÄÝÆF¨g¼öªÌ¡v©Î¿Õ´µ©³¥D¸qªÌµ¥¬Ýªk¡A¬Ò¯Ê¥F¸g¤åªº¤ä«ù¡C

6 Donfried('Cults of Thessalonica' 351)¬Æ¦Ü»{¬°¨º¨Ç§åµû¬O¨Ó¦Û©«¼»Ã¹¥§­{±Ð·|¥»¨­¡G¦ý©««e¤T6ªº¨£ÃÒ¤£¤ä«ù³o­Ó¬Ýªk¡C

 

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1§Ì¥S­Ì¡A§A­Ì¦Û¤v­ì¾å±o§Ú­Ì¶i¨ì§A­Ì¨ºùØ¡A¨Ã¤£¬O®{µMªº¡C

2§Ú­Ì±q«e¦bµÌ¥ß¤ñ³Q®`¨ü°d¡A³o¬O§A­Ìª¾¹Dªº¡FµM¦ÓÁÙ¬O¾a§Ú­Ìªº¡@¯«©ñ¶}Áx¶q¡A¦b¤jª§¾Ô¤¤§â¡@¯«ªººÖ­µ¶Çµ¹§A­Ì¡C

 

¤G1¡u§Ì¥S­Ì¡A§A­Ì¦Û¤v­ì¾å±o§Ú­Ì¶i¨ì§A­Ì¨ºùØ¡A¨Ã¤£¬O®{µMªº¡v

³o¬O«Où²Ä¤G¦¸ª½±µºÙ©IŪªÌ¬°¡u§Ì¥S­Ì¡v¡]°Ñ¤@4µùÄÀ¡^¡C¡u§A­Ì¦Û¤v¡v³o±j½Õ®æ¦¡ªº¥N¦Wµü»P¤@³¹¤E¸`ªº¡u¥L­Ì¦Û¤v¡v7¬Û¹ï¡A©Ò´£¥Xªº·N«ä¬O¡G¤£¶È¡u¥L­Ì¦Û¤v¤w¸g³ø©ú§Ú­Ì¬O«ç¼Ë¶i¨ì§A­Ì¨ºùØ¡v¡A¡u§A­Ì¦Û¤v¡v¤]¾å±o¡C­ì¤å¦b¥y­º¦³¡u¦]¬°¡v¤@¦r¡Aªí¥Ü«Où²{¦b©ÒÁ¿ªº¸ò¤W¤å¦³Ãö¡F³Ì¦ÛµMªº¬Ýªk¡A´N¬O¥»¬q¶i¤@¨B¸ÑÄÀ¡u§Ú­Ì¬O«ç¼Ë¶i¨ì§A­Ì¨ºùØ¡v¨º¥y¸Ü¡A¥ç§Y¦P®É¶i¤@¨B¸ÑÄÀ¤@³¹¤­¸`ªº¸Ü¡A«ü¥X¤T¦ì«Å±Ð¤h¦b©««°¦p¦ó¶Ç¹D¡A¦b©«¤H¤¤¶¡¦p¦ó¨Æ©^¡C¥»¸`ªº¡u¶i¨ì¡v¸ò¤@³¹¤E¸`ªº¡u¶i¨ì¡v¦b­ì¤å¬O¦P¤@­Ó¦Wµü¡A·N«ä¥ç¬Û¦P¡]¨£¸Ó³BµùÄÀ¡^¡C³oùØ­ì¤å©Ò¥Îªºµ²ºc¡A¬O¥H¡u§Ú­Ì¶i¨ì§A­Ì¨ºùØ¡v¬°¡uª¾¹D¡vªºª½±µ¨ü¨Æµü¡AµM«á¥[¤W¤@¥y¸Ü§Î®e¸Ó¦¸ªº¡u¶i¤J¡v¬O«ç¼Ëªº¡A³o¼Ë´N¨Ï¤H¯S§O¯d·N¨º¥y§Î®eªº¸Ü8¢w¢w¡u¨Ã¤£¬O®{µMªº¡v¡C

¡u®{µM¡v¡B¡u¥Õ¶O¡v¡]·sĶ¡A·í¸t¡^¡B¡u¨S¦³®ÄªG¡v¡]²{¤¤¡A«ä°ª¡^µ¥Ä¶ªk¡A¥Nªí¤F­ì¤å¨º­Ó§Î®eµü9¤@¤è­±ªº·N«ä¡C³oµü¦b·s¬ù¦@¥X²{¤Q¤K¦¸¡A«Où®Ñ«H¦û¤F¤Q¤G¦¸¡F¦b¤Q¤K¦¸¤§¤¤¡A¦³¤K¦¸ªº·N«ä¬O¡u¨S¦³®ÄªG¡v¡]®{¥|25¡FªL«e¤Q¤­10¡B58¡^¡A¥]¬A¤­¦¸¥Î©ó¡u®{µM»â¨ü/©b¶]/³Ò­W¡v¤@»y¤¤¡]ªL«á¤»1¡F¥[¤G2¡FµÌ¤G16¡e¨â¦¸¡f¡F©««e¤T5¡^¡C¥t¥~¤E¦¸ªº·N«ä¬O¡uªÅ¡v¡A§Y¡uªÅ¤â¡v¡]¥i¤Q¤G3¡F¸ô¤@53¡A¤G¤Q10¡B11¡^¡B¡uªÅ¬}¡v¡A§Y¬O¨S¦³¤º²[¡]ªL«e¤Q¤­14¡e¨â¦¸¡f¡F¥±¤­6¡F¦è¤G8¡F¶®¤G20¡^¡C¤ñ¸û­ôªL¦h«e®Ñ¤Q¤­³¹¤Q¥|¸`©M¤Q¤C¸`¡A¥iÀ°§U§Ú­Ì´x´¤³o²Ä¤G­Ó·N«ä¡G«Où«ü¥X¡A°ò·þ´_¬¡ªº¨Æ¹ê¤DºÖ­µªº°ò¥»³¡¥÷¡A¡u­Y°ò·þ¨S¦³´_¬¡¡A§Ú­Ì©Ò¶Çªº«K¬OªPµM¡A§A­Ì©Ò«Hªº¤]¬OªPµM¡v¢w¢w©Ò¶Çªº¤Î©Ò«Hªº³£Åܦ¨¯Ê¥F¤º²[ªºªF¦è¡]14¸`¡F°Ñ²{¤¤¡B«ä°ªªºÂ½Ä¶¡^¡F­Y¬O³o¼Ë¡A¡u§A­Ìªº«H«K¬O®{µM¡v¢w¢w¬O¨S¦³¥Î³B¡B¨S¦³ªG®Äªº¡A¥H­P¡u§A­Ì¤´¦b¸oùØ¡v¡]17¸`¡^¡C10¥Ñ¦¹¥i¨£¡A­ì¤å¨º­Ó§Î®eµü¥»¨­¦³¡u¯Ê¥F¤º²[¡Bµê¦³¨äªí¡v©M¡u¨S¦³®ÄªG¡B¥Õ¶O¤ß¾÷¡v³o¨â­Ó·N«ä¡A«eªÌÅãµM«Ü®e©ö¤Þ¦Ü«áªÌ¡C°ÝÃD¬O¡G³oµü¦b¥»¸`¬O¨º¤@­Ó·N«ä¡H

¤@¯ëªº¤¤Ä¶¥»¡]¨£¤W¤@¬q¡^¤Î­^Ķ¥»³£±Ä¯Ç«áªÌ¡C11¥i¬O¡A¡u¨S¦³®ÄªG¡v³o­Ó·N«ä»P¤å²z¤£²Å¡A¦]¬°¤U¤å¡]2-12¸`¡^¨Ã¨S¦³¸ÑÄÀ¨Ï®{ªº³X°Ý¦b©«¤H¤¤²£¥Í¤F¬Æ»ò®ÄªG¡]13-¤@16¸`¤~¬O½×³o¤è­±ªº¡F°Ñ¤@9b¡^¡A¦Ó¬O±j½Õ«Où¤Î¨ä¦P¤u¬O«ç¼Ë§âºÖ­µ¶Çµ¹©«¤H¨Ã«ç¼Ë¦b¥L­Ì¤¤¶¡¨Æ©^¡]°Ñ¤@9a¡^¡C¥t¥~¨º­Ó·N«ä«h»P¤å²z¬Û²Å¡G«Où¥ý»¡¥L­Ìªº¡u¶i¤J¡v¨Ã¤£¬O¡uµê¦³¨äªí¡]¥u¦b¥G¨¥»y¡^¡B¯Ê¥F¤º²[¡]¨S¦³¯à¤O¡B¸tÆF©M¥R¨¬ªº«H©À¡^¡vªº¡]°Ñ¤@5¡^¡AµM«á¥L´N¸Ô²Ó¦a°l­z¥L­Ìªº¡u¶i¤J¡v¬O±aú¦¦óµ¥Â×´IªºÄÝÆF¤º²[¢w¢w¯«ªººÖ­µ¡B¶ÇºÖ­µªº«i®ð©M¯à¤O¡B¯Â¼äªº°Ê¾÷¡B¸t¼äªº¥Í¬¡¡Bº¡¦³·R¤ß©M©¾¤ßªº¨Æ©^¡C¦]¦¹¡AÁöµM¦³ÄÀ¸gªÌ»{¬°«Où¥i¯à¬O¬G·N±Ä¥Î¤F³o¼Ò¸W¨â¥iªºÁ¿ªk¡A©Î«ü¥X«Où¶Ç¹Dªº©Ê½è¤Î¨äªG®Ä¬O¤À¤£¶}ªº¡A12¤å²z«o²M·¡¤ä«ù³o­Ó¬Ýªk¢w¢w¡u¤£¬O®{µM¡v©Ò«üªº¡A¤£¬O¡]¦Ü¤Ö¥D­n¤£¬O¡^«Oùªº³X°Ýªºµ²ªG¡A¦Ó¬O¡]¦Ü¤Ö¥D­n¬O¡^¨º³X°Ýªº©Ê½è¡C13¡u¬O¡v¦r¦b­ì¤å¬O§¹¦¨®ÉºAªº¡Aªí¥Ü¨Ï®{ªº¡u¶i¤J¡v¤£¦ý¦b·í®É¦³³oºØ¡u±aú¦Â×´I¤º²[¡vªº©Ê½è¡A´N¬O²{¦b¡A·í«Où»¡¡u§A­Ì¦Û¤vª¾¹D¡v³o¸Ü®É¡A¸Ó¦¸ªº¡u¶i¤J¡v¦b§@ªÌ©MŪªÌ¤ß¤¤¤´µM«O«ùú¦¨º­Ó©Ê½è¡C

 

7 ­ì¤å³£¬O autoi.

8 Ellicott 15 b. te{n eisodon he{mo{n ¡× proleptic accusative, hoti ¡× epexegetic(Robertson, Pictures 4.15).

9 kenos.

10 ªL«e¤Q¤­17¥Îªº¦r¬Omataios, 14¸`¥Îªº¤~¬O»P©««e¤G1¬Û¦Pªºkenos.

11 'in vain' (AV, RSV, NASB), 'fruitless, ¡]NEB¡^, 'a failure' ¡]NIV¡^. Cf.Best 89; Ellingworth-Nida 19-20¡F©P 44¡C

12 ¤À§O¨£¡GMoore 33; Bruce 24. Cf. also A. Oepke, TDNT III 660, TDNTA 427.

13 Cf. Marshall 62-63; Ellicott 15b; Lightfoot 18; Morris II 68. Cf. also Frame 92; Hendriksen 60('empty-handed'). Schmithals(Paul 137-142)»{¬°¦¹¦r¤Ï¬M¦³¤H»¡«OùªºÁ¿¹D³n®zµL¤O¡A¦]¥L¯Ê¥F¡uÄÝÆF¤H¡vªº¥~¦b¼Ð°O¡G»¡¤è¨¥¡B±o²§¶H©M±Ò¥Ü¡B¶i¤J§Ñ§Úªº¹Ò¬Éµ¥¡A³o¥¿¬O«Où¦b­ôªL¦h©Ò¹J¨ìªº§åµû¡]ªL«e¥|10¡e°ÑªL«á¤Q¤T9¡f¡FªL«á¤Q1¡B10¡A¤Q¤G11¡A¤Q¤T3¡^¡F§@ªÌ¥Ñ¦¹±À½×¡A«Où¦b©«¼»Ã¹¥§­{ªº¼Ä¹ïªÌ¡A¹³¥L¦b­ôªL¦hªº¼Ä¹ïªÌ¤@¼Ë¡A¬O¿Õ´µ©³¥D¸qªÌ¡C¦ý¡u®{µM¡v¤@¦r¤£¤@©w­n¹³¦¹§@ªÌ¨º¼Ë¸ÑÄÀ¡C

 

¤G2¡u§Ú­Ì±q«e¦bµÌ¥ß¤ñ³Q®`¨ü°d¡A³o¬O§A­Ìª¾¹Dªº¡v

¥»¸`¶}©l®É­ì¤å¥Î¤F¤@­Ó±j¯Pªº¤Ï»y®ð³s±µµü¡u¬Û¤Ï¦a¡v¡]·í¸t¡^¡Aªí¥Ü«Où²{¦b­nÁ¿ªº¸Ü¬O±q¥¿­±¥h¸ÑÄÀ¤W¤@¸`¡u¤£¬O®{µMªº¡v¨º¥y¸Üªº·N«ä¡F³o¤@ÂI¥i»¡ÃÒ¹ê¤F¤W¤å¹ï¡u®{µM¡v¤@µüªº¸ÑÄÀ¡A¦]¬°»P¡u®{µM¡v¬Û¹ïªº¡A´N¬O«Oùµ¥¤H¦b´c¦HÀô¹Ò¤U¤´µM«i´±¦a¶ÇºÖ­µªº¨Æ¹ê¡C«Où­º¥ý«ü¥X¡A¦b¥L©M¦P¤u¡u¨Ó¨ì¡e©««°¡f¤§«e¡v¡]«ä°ª¡A°Ñ²{¤¤¡^¡A14¥L­Ì´¿¦bµÌ¥ß¤ñ¡u³Q®`¨ü°d¡v¡F³o¨Æ°O¸ü©ó¨Ï®{¦æ¶Ç¤Q¤»³¹¤Q¤»¦Ü¥|¤Q¸`¡A«Où¦bµÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ¤@³¹¤T¤Q¸`´£¨ìŪªÌ¡u¦b§Ú¨­¤W±q«e©Ò¬Ý¨£¡vªºª§¾Ô¡A¤]¬O«ü³o¥ó¨Æ¡C­ì¤å¥Î¨â­Ó¹L¥h®É¦¡ªº¤Àµü¡A«e¤@­Ó¬O¥D°ÊÅéºA¡A«á¤@­Ó¬O³Q°ÊÅéºA¡]«ä°ª¡G¡u¦Y¤F­W¡A¨ü¤F­â°d¡v¡F·sĶ¡G¡u¨ü¤F­W¡A¤S³Q­â°d¡v¡^¡C¦³¾ÇªÌ»{¬°¥i¯à«e¤@­Ó¤Àµü¬O§â­«ÂI©ñ¦b¡u¨ü­W¡v¥D°Êªº¤@­±¡A§Y¬O»¡¥D°Ê©M¿n·¥¦a§Ô¨ü­WÃø¡]°ÑµÌ¤@29-30¡^¡F15¦ý¡u¨ü­W¡v¤@µü¦b·s¬ù¤@³e¥H¥D°ÊÅéºAªº®æ¦¡¥X²{¡]¦@¥|¤Q¤G¦¸¡^¡A©Ò¥H³oùإΥD°ÊÅéºAªº¤Àµü¨ÃµL¯S§O¤§³B¡A±q¤å²z¥çÃø¬Ý¥X«Où¬°¬Æ»ò­n±j½Õ¥L­Ì¦bµÌ¥ß¤ñ¨ü­W¥D°Êªº¤@­±¡C¦]¦¹¡A¤@¨Ç¤¤Ä¶¥»±N³o­Ó¥D°ÊÅéºAªº¤ÀµüĶ¦¨³Q°Ê¤§·N¡]©M¦X¡F²{¤¤¡G¡u¨ü­¢®`¡A¨ü«V°d¡v¡F°Ñ·í¸t¡^¡A¨Ã¨S¦³¹H¤Ï­ì¤åªº·N«ä¡C

¡u¨ü«V°d¡v³o°Êµüªº­ì¤å16¦b«Où®Ñ«H¥u¥Î¤F³o¤@¦¸¡A¦b·s¬ù¥t¥~¥X²{¥|¦¸¡]³Q°ÊÅéºA¡G¸ô¤Q¤K32¡F¥D°ÊÅéºA¡G¤Ó¤Ü¤G6¡F¸ô¤Q¤@45¡F®{¤Q¥|5¡^¡F¦P¦r®Úªº©â¶H¦Wµü17¥X²{¤T¦¸¡A¥u¦³¤@¦¸¬O¡u­â°d¡vªº·N«ä¡]ªL«á¤Q¤G10¡F¨ä¾l¨â¦¸«ü¡u¶Ë·l¡v¡G®{¤Ü¤C10¡B21¡^¡F¦P¦r®Úªº¨ãÅé¦Wµü¡u«VºC¤Hªº¡e¤H¡f¡v18«h¥X²{¨â¦¸¡]ù¤@30¡F´£«e¤@13¡^¡C±q¨Ï®{¦æ¶Ç¤Q¤»³¹ªº°O¸ü¬Ý¨Ó¡A¡u³Q®`¡v¬O«ü«Où©M¦è©Ô¦b¨­Åé¤è­±ªº¨ü­W¡]¥L­Ì³Q¥´¤F³\¦h´Ò¡AµM«á³Q¤U¦bºÊùØ¡^¡A¡u¨ü°d¡v«h¯S«ü¥L­Ì¦bºë¯«¤è­±©Ò¨üªº¡u«V°d¡v©Î¡u­â°d¡v¡G¥L­Ì¥¼¸g¼f°T¡A¡u¨Ã¨S¦³©w¸o¡v¡A«K³QµÌ¥ß¤ñªº©xªø§h©J¤H¡u¦b²³¤H­±«e¡v­é¤F¥L­Ìªº¦ç»n¡A¥´¤F³\¦h´Ò¡]®{¤Q¤»37¡B22-23¡^¢w¢w³o¹ï¥ô¦ó¤H³£¬O¤@ºØ¾îÆZ©M±j¼Éªº¦æ¬°¡A§ó¦óªp¥L­Ì¤G¤H¬Où°¨¤½¥Á¡Aù°¨ªºªk«ß«O»Ù¥L­Ì¤£·|¨ü¨ì³oºØ¡]¨ü´Ò¥´¡^«Ý¹Jªº¡C19¾¨ºÞ«Où¡u¬°°ò·þªº½t¬G¡A´N¥H¡K¡K­â°d¡K¡K¬°¥i³ß¼Öªº¡v¡]ªL«á¤Q¤G10¡^¡A¥L¾Ð­z¦bµÌ¥ß¤ñ©Ò¨ü±j¾îµL²zªº¹ï«Ý®É¡A¤]³\Ãø§K¤ß¤¤¤´¦³ÂI¼«¼«¤£¥­­ù¡I

¡u³o¬O§A­Ìª¾¹Dªº¡v­ì¤å¬O¡u¥¿¦p§A­Ìª¾¹D¡v¡]¤@5¡A¨£¸Ó³BµùÄÀ¡^¡A³o¬O«Où¦b¥»®Ñ²Ä¤G¦¸¥Î³o¥y¸Ü¡C©«¤Hª¾¹D«Où©M¦è©Ô¤G¤H¦bµÌ¥ß¤ñ³Q®`¨ü°dªº¨Æ¡A¤j©è¬O«Où©Î¦è©Ô¦Û¤v§i¶D¥L­Ìªº¡C«Où¦b¥»¸`­«´£¦¹¨Æ¡A¬°­nŨ¦«¥X¥L©M¦P¤u¦b©««°¶ÇºÖ­µªº«i®ð¡A±q¦ÓÅã¥X¥L­ÌªººÖ­µ½T¬O¨Ó¦Û¯«ªº¡C¦]¦¹¡A¥»¥y¨º¨â­Ó¤Àµü¤£¬O³æªí¹F®É¶¡¤Wªº¥ý«á¦¸§Ç¡]¡u§Ú­Ì¦bµÌ¥ß¤ñ³Q®`¨ü°d¤§«á¡A«K¡K¡K¡v¡^¡A¦Ó¬O¦³¡uÁöµM¡v¤§·N¡G¡u§Ú­ÌÁöµM¦bµÌ¥ß¤ñ¾D¨ü¤F¹G®`©M­â°d¡A¦ý¡K¡K¡v¡]·í¸t¡^¡C20

 

14 ³o´N¬O¡u±q«e¡K¡K³Q®`¡v¤@µü­ì¤å¡]propascho{ ¡^¤¤ªº«e¸mµüªº·N«ä¡C³oµü¦b·s¬ù¤¤¥u¥Î¤F³o¤@¦¸¡C

15 W. Michaelis, TDNT V 924, TDNTA 801.

16 hybrizo{ {.ÄY®æ»¡¨Ó¡A«OùÀ³¸Ó¥Îprohybrishentes, »P«e­±ªºpropathontes«O«ù¥­¦æ¡F¤£¹L¡A¥Ñ©ó²Ä¤@­Ó¤Àµü¤w¥Î¤F«e¸mµü¡A²Ä¤G­Ó¤Àµü«K¥i¬Ù²¤¤£¥Î¦Ó¤´¦³¡u¦b¡K¡K¤§«e¡vªº·N«ä¡C

17 hybris.

18 hybriste{s.

19 Cf. Bruce 25; Marshall 63.

20 Cf. Lightfoot 19; Frame 92(concessive)¡Aover against Ellicott 16a (temporal).

 

¡uµM¦ÓÁÙ¬O¾a§Ú­Ìªº¡@¯«©ñ¶}Áx¶q¡v

¡uµM¦Ó¡v¡B¡u¥i¬O¡v¡]²{¤¤¡B·sĶ¡B«ä°ª¡^©Î¡u¦ý¡v¡]·í¸t¡^¡A³£¬O¤¤Ä¶¥»¬°­nªí¹F¤W¥b¸`­ì¤å¨º¨â­Ó¤Àµüªº§t·N¦Ó¥[¤Wªº¡C¡u©ñ¶}Áx¶q¡v¡]°Ñ·sĶ¡^¤@µüªº­ì¤å21¦b«Où®Ñ«H¥u¥Î¤F¨â¦¸¡]¥t¤@¦¸¬O¥±¤»20¡^¡A¥t¥~¥u¨£©ó¨Ï®{¦æ¶Ç¡]¤C¦¸¡^¡A¦P¦r®Úªº¦Wµü22¦b·s¬ù¦@¥Î¤F¤T¤Q¤@¦¸¡A«Où®Ñ«H¦û¤K¦¸¡F³o²Õ¦r·J³Ì±`¨£ªº·N«ä¬O«ü«ÅÁ¿ºÖ­µªºÁx¶q¡]¸Ô°Ñ¶¾¡G¡uµÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ¡v 142¡F¯S§O¤ñ¸û¥»¸`¡B¥±¤»20¤Î®{¤Ü¤»26¡^¡C23­ì¤å©Ò¥Îªº¹L¥h®É¦¡¦b³oùتº§@¥Î¡A¥i¯à¬O§âª`·N¤O¶°¤¤©ó¨º­Ó¦æ°Êªº¶}©l¡G«Où©M¦P¤u¡u¹ª°_¡v«i®ð¡]·í¸t¡^¡B¡u©ñ¶}¡vÁx¶q¡A¶Ç¯«ªººÖ­µ¡C24¥L­Ì³oºØ¹ï¤HµL©Ò¬ÈÄߪºÁx¶q©M«i®ð¡A25¬O¦]¥L­Ì­Ê¾a¯«¦Ó¦³ªº¡F¡u¾a¡K¡K¯«¡vªº­ì¤åª½Ä¶¬O¡u¦b¯«ùØ¡v¡A·N«ä¥i¯à¬O»¡¥L­Ì«H¿à¯«·|¦b¥L­Ì¶ÇºÖ­µªº¤u§@¤W§ß«ù¥L­Ì¡A´N¦p¥L­Ì¦bµÌ¥ß¤ñ©Ò¸g¾úªº¡C26«Où³q±`¥H¥D­C¿q¬°¥L¨Ì¿àªº¹ï¶H©Î«H©Àªº°ò¦¡]¡u¦b¥DùØ¡v¡G©««á¤T4¡F¥[¤­10¡FµÌ¤@14¡A¤G24¡^¡A³oùإΡu¦b¯«ùØ¡v¡A¥i¯à¬O¨ü¤F¡u¯«ªººÖ­µ¡v³o«ä·Qªº¼vÅT¡C¦b¡u§Ú­Ìªº¡@¯«¡v³o¤ù»y¤¤¡A¡u§Ú­Ì¡vÅãµM¦^À³¤F¤W¤@¥y¡u§Ú­Ì±q«e¦bµÌ¥ß¤ñ³Q®`¨ü°d¡vªº¡u§Ú­Ì¡v¡A«ü«Où©M¥Lªº¦P¤u¡F­YŪªÌ¤Î©Ò¦³¨ä¥L°ò·þ®{¤]¥]¬A¦b¤ºªº¸Ü¡A³o³Ì¦h¤]¥u¬O­ÓªþÄݪº·N«ä¡C

 

21 parre{siazomai. Ãö©ó¦¹²Õ¦r·J¦b§Æþ¤åÄmªº­I´º¤Î¦b·s¬ùªº¥Îªk¡A¥i°Ñ¡GMarrow, 'Parrhe{sia'¡F¯S§O¯d·N432¡]²Ä¤G¬q¡^¡A438¡]²Ä¤G¬q¡^¡A439¡]²Ä¤G¬q¡^¡A444¡]²Ä¤@¬q¡^¡A446¡]¥½¬q¡^¡C

22 parre{sia.

23 Frame 93»{¬°¡AÀH«áªº¡u¶Ç¡v¦tªí¥Ü¥»¸`ªº¡u©ñ¶}Áx¶q¡v¤@µü¥u¦³¡u¹ª°_«i®ð¡v¤§·N¡A¨Ã¤£¥]§t¡uÁ¿»¡¡vªº·N«ä¡C¦ý³oµü¦b¥±¤»20¤Î¨Ï®{¦æ¶Ç¦h¦¸³æ¿W¨Ï¥Î®É¡A¨ä·N«ä¥ç©úÅã¬O¡u©ñÁxÁ¿»¡¡]¶Ç¹D¡^¡v¡]¤E27¡B28¡A¤Q¥|3¡A¤Q¤K26¡A¤Q¤E8¡AÁöµM§@ªÌ¦³®É¥[¤W¡u»¡¡v¦r¡]¤Q¤T46¡A¤Ü¤»26)¡C¦]¦¹¥»¸`ªº¡u¶Ç¡v¦r¥u¬O±N¡u©ñÁxÁ¿»¡¡v¤@µü¤@¤è­±ªº§t·N§ó²M·¡¦aªí¹F¥X¨Ó¡C

24 §Y¬O±Neparre{siasametha ¬Ý¬°ingressive aorist(Robertson, Pictures 4.16).

25 Cf. H. Schlier, TDNT V 883; H.-C. Hahn, NIDNTT II 736.

26 Marshall 63.

 

¡u¦b¤jª§¾Ô¤¤§â¡@¯«ªººÖ­µ¶Çµ¹§A­Ì¡v

¡u§â¡@¯«ªººÖ­µ¶Çµ¹§A­Ì¡v¦b­ì¤åºò±µú¦¡u¾a§Ú­Ìªº¡@¯«©ñ¶}Áx¶q¡v¡C¡u¶Ç¡v¦r¡]·sĶ¡u­z»¡¡v¡^­ì¤å»P¤@³¹¤K¸`ªº¡u»¡¡v¦r¬Û¦P¡]¨£¸Ó³BµùÄÀ¡^¡A¦b³oùتº·N«ä¬O¡u«ÅÁ¿¡v¡]«ä°ª¡^¡F³o¦r¥Î¦b³o·N«ä¤Wªº®É­Ô¡A¸ò¤U¤å²Ä¤E¸`¨º­Ó¡u¶Ç¡v¦r27¦P¸q¡A´N¦pµÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ¤@³¹¤Q¥|¸`ªº¡u¶Ç¡v¦r¡]§Y¥»¸`©Ò¥Îªº¡^©M¤Q¤­¸`ªº¡u¶Ç¡v¦r¡]§Y¥»³¹²Ä¤E¸`©Ò¥Îªº¡^¬O¦P¸q¤@¼Ë¡]¸Ô°Ñ¶¾¡G¡uµÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ¡v 124¡^¡C¡u¯«ªººÖ­µ¡v§Y¬O«Où¸û¦­®É´£¤Îªº¡u§Ú­ÌªººÖ­µ¡v¡]¤@5¡F¨£¸Ó³BµùÄÀ¡^¡F³oùغٺ֭µ¬°¡u¯«ªº¡v¡Aªí¥Ü¯«¬OºÖ­µªº¨Ó·½¡C28

¡u¦b¤jª§¾Ô¤¤¡v©Î¡u¦bÁ}¹dªº®æ°«¤¤¡v¡]«ä°ª¡^´y¼g¤F«Où©M¦P¤u¬O¦b«ç¼Ëªº±¡ªp¤U§âºÖ­µ¶Çµ¹©«¤Hªº¡CÃö©ó¡uª§¾Ô¡v³o¦Wµü¤Î¦P¦r®Úªº°Êµü29ªº¦r¸q¡A½Ð°Ñ¶¾¡G¡uµÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ¡v 185-186¡F¦Wµü¦b¥»¸`¡]¦p¦b¦è¤G1¡^«Ü¥i¯à¤w¥¢¥h¤F­ì¨Ó¡uÄvÁÉ¡vªº§t·N¡A¦Ó¥u¦³¡u°«ª§¡v¤§·N¡C30¡uª§¾Ô¡v©Î¡u®æ°«¡v¤£¦ýªí¥Ü±q¨Æ¾Ô°«ªÌ»Ý­n¤£Â_¦aºÜºÉ©Ò¯à¡B¶°¤¤¤O¶q¥H¨D¹F¨ì¥Øªº¡A¦P®É§t¦³±q¨Æ¾Ô°«ªÌ¥²¶·»P¤@ªÑ¼Ä¹ïªº¤O¶q¡]¦p»Ùê¡B¦MÀIµ¥¡^¤¬¬Û§Ü¿Å¤§·N¡F31¥»¥y¦b²{¥N¤¤¤åĶ¥»¡]¡u¤£©È¥ô¦óªý¼¸¡v¡^©M·í¥N¸t¸g¡]¡u¤£©}¤£¼¸¦a¡v¡^ªºÄ¶ªk¡A³£¤Ï¬M¤F³o­Ó§t·N¡C³oµü¦bµÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ¤@³¹¤T¤Q¸`¬O«ü¦b¹G­¢¤¤°í¦u«H¥õªº¡uª§¾Ô¡v¡A¦bºqù¦è®Ñ¤G³¹¤@¸`«h«ü¤@ºØ¤º¦b©MÄÝÆFªº¡uºÉ¤ßºÜ¤O¡v¡]¼Ä¹ïªº¤O¶q´N¬O·í®É«Â¯Ùú¦§Q¥[´µ¬y°ì¤§±Ð·|ªº²§ºÝ¡^¡F¦ý¥»¸`ªº¡u¤jª§¾Ô¡v©Ò«üªº¬O¬Æ»ò¡H¡]¤@¡^¦³ÄÀ¸gªÌ»{¬°©Ò«üªº¥i¯à¬O¥~¨Óªº¹G­¢¡A¥ç¥i¯à¬O¤º¦bªº¡u°«ª§¡v¡A§Y¬O·¥¤jªºµJ¼{¡A±E¬O±E«D¡A§Ú­ÌµLªkÂ_©w¡C¦¹»¡ªº²z¥Ñ¬O¡G¥»¥y¤W¤å´£¨ì«Où©M¦P¤u¦bµÌ¥ß¤ñªº¾D¹J¡A³o´£¥Ü¡uª§¾Ô¡v§t¦³¡u¹G­¢¡v¤§·N¡F¥t¤@¤è­±¡A«Où¥Î¡uª§¾Ô¡v¦Ó¤£¥Î¡u±wÃø¡v¡]¤@6¡^¤@µü¡A«h´£¥Ü¤º¤ßªºµJ¼{¤§·N¡C¡]¤G¡^¥ç¦³»{¬°¥»¥yªº·N«ä¬O¡GºÜ¤O¥H­u¡A¨Ã¥B¦sú¦·¥²`ªºÃöª`©MµJ¼{¡]§Y¬O§â¡uª§¾Ô¡v¬Ý¬°¤º¦bªº¡^¡C¡]¤T¡^¦h¼ÆÄÀ¸gªÌ±N¡uª§¾Ô¡v¸Ñ¬°¥~¨Óªº¼Ä¹ï¡A¥»¥yªº·N«ä§Y¬O¡u¦b±j¯Pªº¤Ï¹ï¤§¤U¡v¡]·sĶ¡^¡C¡]¥|¡^ÁÙ¦³¤@­Ó¬Ýªk¡A´N¬O¡uª§¾Ô¡v¦P®É¥]¬A¥~¦bªº®æ°«©M¤º¦bªºµJ¼{¡C32µ§ªÌ¦P·N²Ä¤T­Ó¬Ýªk¡A²z¥Ñ¦p¤U¡G¡]¤@¡^®Ú¾Ú¨Ï®{¦æ¶Çªº°O¸ü¡A«Où¦b©««°¶Ç¹D®É¡A½T´¿¨ü¨ìµS¤Ó¤Hªºªý¼¸¡]°Ñ®{¤Q¤C5-9¡^¡F¥»®Ñªº¤ºÃÒ¥çÅã¥Ü¡AµS¤Ó¤HÄdªý¨Ï®{©M¦P¤u¶Ç´T­µµ¹¥~±Ú¤H¡]¤G15-16¡^¡F¦]¦¹¡A³o¡u±j¯Pªº¤Ï¹ï¡v«Ü¥i¯à´N¬O¨Ó¦ÛµS¤Ó¤Hªº¡C¡]¤G¡^¡uª§¾Ô¡v¯Âºé«ü©Î¥]§t¤º¦bªºµJ¼{³o¨â­Ó¬Ýªk¡A³£Ãø»P¡u©ñ¶}Áx¶q¡v³oµüªº¥Îªk¤¬¬Û¨ó½Õ¡GÁöµM±q¬Y­Ó¨¤«×¨Ó»¡¡A¯u¥¿ªº«i´±¤£¦b©ó§¹¥þ¨S¦³Äß©È¡A¤D¦b©óÁö¦³Äß©È«o¤´¿ï¾Ü¥h°µ·í°µªº¨Æ¡F33¦ý¨Ï®{¦æ¶Ç¥Î¡u©ñ¶}Áx¶q¡v³oµü¨Ó«ü«ÅÁ¿ºÖ­µ®É¡]®{¤E27¡B28¡A¤Q¤T16¡A¤Q¥|3¡A¤Q¤K26¡A¤Q¤E8¡A¤Ü¤»26¡F°Ñ¥±¤»20¡^¡A¦ü¥G¨Ã¨S¦³¤W­z·N«ä¤Wªº«O¯d¡C34¦Ü©ó³o±j¯Pªº¤Ï¹ï¥H¬Æ»ò§Î¦¡¥X²{¡A¦³¾ÇªÌ»{¬°«Où·Q¤Îªº¥D­n¬O¥L©MµS¤Ó¤H¤§¶¡ªº¡u¦Þ¾Ô¡v¡A¦]¥LÂ÷¶}©««°®É¨Ã¨S¦³¨ü¨ì¨­Åé¤è­±ªº¶Ë®`¡F35¦ý¨Ï®{¦æ¶Ç¤Q¤C³¹ªº°O¸üÅã¥Ü¡AµS¤Ó¤Hªº¤Ï¹ï¥]¬A¡uÁq°Êúó²³Âô¶i«H®{ªº®a¡v©M¡u¦b¦a¤è©x­±«e±±¥H¬Fªv¸o¦W¡vªº¦æ°Ê¡AÁöµM«Oùªº¨­Åé¨S¦³³Q±²¤J¸Ó¦¸¨Æ¥ó¤¤¡A¸Ó¨Æ¥ó«oª½±µ¤Þ­P«Où³Q¹G¨³³tÂ÷¶}©««°¡A¦]¦¹¥L¥²·|§âµS¤Ó¤Hªº¦æ°Ê¬Ý¬°¡u±j¯Pªº¤Ï¹ï¡vªº¤@³¡¥÷¡CµL½×¦p¦ó¡A«Où¦b¦ÛÅGªº¶}©l«K±j½Õ¥L©M¦P¤u¬O¡u¦b¤jª§¾Ô¤¤¡v¶ÇºÖ­µµ¹©«¤H¡Aªí©ú¥L­Ì¤£¹³¤@¨Ç¨µ°jªº­õ¤h¨º¼Ë¤£ªÖ±²¤J¥Í©Rªº¡u®æ°«¡v¤¤36¡]°Ñ¤G1-12¤Þ¨¥¡^¡C

 

27 ­ì¤å¤À§O¬°¡Glaleo{, ke{rysso{.

28 tou theou ¡× subjective genitive.(e.g., Lightfoot 20; Best 91)or genitive of origin or originating cause(Ellicott 16b), rather than both subjective and objective (e.g., Moore 33; Keck, Paul 32) or both objective genitive and genitive of origin(Collins 294).

29 ago{n, ago{nizomai.

30 Cf. Pfitzner, Agon Motif 6 with n.1.

31 E. Stauffer, TDNT I 137, 138, TDNTA 21; A. Ringwald, NIDNTT I 647.

32 (1)Frame 94; (2)Hendriksen 61; (3)e.g., Lightfoot 20; Grayston 68; Best 91-92; Marshall 64; Bruce 25; (4)Neil 35; Malherbe, Paul 47. Moore 34»{¬°¤]³\«Où¦b³oùØ¡]¦p¦b¤G1¡G¡u®{µM¡v¡^¬O¬G·N¥Î¤F¼Ò¸W¨â¥iªºÁ¿ªk¡C

33 Cf. Peck, Road Less Traveled 131: ' Courage is not the absence of fear; it is the making of action in spite of fear, the moving out against the resistance engendered by fear into the unknown and into the future.'

34 Cf. Pfitzner, Agon Motif 112-113.

35 ¦P¤W¡A­¶114.

36 Donfried, 'Cults of Thessalonica' 351.

 

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3§Ú­ÌªºÄU«j¤£¬O¥X©ó¿ù»~¡A¤£¬O¥X©ó¦Ã©¡A¤]¤£¬O¥Î¸Þ¶B¡F

4¦ý¡@¯«¬JµMÅ礤¤F§Ú­Ì¡A§âºÖ­µ°U¥I§Ú­Ì¡A§Ú­Ì´N·Ó¼ËÁ¿¡A¤£¬O­n°Q¤H³ßÅw¡A¤D¬O­n°Q¨º¹îÅç§Ú­Ì¤ßªº¡@¯«³ßÅw¡C

¤G3¡@¥»¸`­ì¤å¶}©l®É¦³¡u¦]¬°¡v¤@µü¡Aªí¥Ü¤U­±ªº¸Ü¸ò¤W¤å«Ü¦³Ãö«Y¡F«Où¦b³oùضi¤@¨B¹ïŪªÌ»¡©ú©MÃÒ¹ê¤W¨â¸`©Ò»¡ªº¡A§Y¬O¸ÑÄÀ¥L©M¦P¤u¦P¥H¯à°÷¾aú¦¯«©ñ¶}Áx¶q¶ÇºÖ­µµ¹©«¤H¡A¥L­Ìªº¡u¶i¤J¡v¬O¦p¦óº¡¦³ÄÝÆFªº¤º²[¡C¥þ¸`¦b­ì¤å¨ÃµL°Êµü¡A¦ý¤U¤@¸`ªº¡uÁ¿¡v¦r¬O²{¦b®É¦¡¡A¦]¦¹¤¤Ä¶¥»¦b¥»¸`¥¿½T¦a¸É¥Rªº°Êµü¡u¬O¡v¦r¡A¦b·N«ä¤W¤]¬O²{¦b®É¦¡ªº¡C´«¨¥¤§¡A³o¨â¸`©Ò´y¼gªº¬O«Où©M¦P¤u¶ÇºÖ­µ®ÉºD±`«ù¦uªº­ì«h©MºA«×¡F²Ä¤­¸`¶}©l¡]¡u¥Î¡v¦r¦b­ì¤å¬O¹L¥h®É¦¡¡^«hÄ~Äò¾Ð­z¥L­Ì¦b©««°¶ÇºÖ­µªº±¡§Î¡C¥»¸`©M¤U¤@¸`¤À§O±q¥¿¤Ï¨â­±´£¥X¥L­Ì¬°¦ó¤Î¦p¦ó¶ÇºÖ­µ¡C

 

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¡uÄU«j¡v¤@µüªº­ì¤å37·s¬ù¦@¥X²{¤G¤Q¤E¦¸¡A«Où®Ñ«H¦û¤F¤G¤Q¦¸¡A¦P¦r®Úªº°Êµü38¥X²{¤@¦Ê¹s¤E¦¸¡A´X¥G¥b¼Æ¡]¤­¤Q¥|¦¸¡^¦b«Où®Ñ«H¤¤¡C¦³Ãö³o²Õ¦r·J³¡¥÷ªº¦r¸q¬ã¨s¡A½Ð°Ñ¶¾¡G¡uµÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ¡v 189¡C¦b¥»®Ñ©M«á®Ñ¡A°Êµü¥Î¤F¤Q¦¸¡]©««e¤G12¡A¤T2¡B7¡B¥|1¡B10¡B18¡A¤­11¡B14¡F©««á¤G17¡A¤T12¡^¡A¦Wµü«h¥u¥Î¤F¨â¦¸¡]¥»¸`¡F©««á¤G16¡^¡C¥»¸`¥Î¡uÄU«j¡v³oµü¨Ó«ü¶ÇºÖ­µªº¤u§@¡A¨ä­«ÂI¬O¦b¶Ç¹Dªº¦æ°Ê¥»¨­¡A¦Ó¤£¬O¦b«H®§ªº¤º®e¡C³o¦æ°Ê­º¥ý¥]¬A¹ï¥¼«H¥Dªº¤H¶ÇºÖ­µ¡A¦]¦¹¡uÄU«j¡v¥ý¦³¡u©IÆ~¡v¡]·sĶ¡^¤§·N¡G«Où§@°ò·þªº¨ÏªÌ¡A´N¦n¹³¯«ÂÇú¦¥LÄU¥@¤H±µ¨ü¡u»P¡@¯«©M¦n¡vªº¹D²z¡A±q¦Ó¶i¤J¡u»P¡@¯«¬Û©M¡vªº¸g¾ú¡]ªL«á¤­20¡A°Ñ18-19¡B21¡Fù¤­1¡^¡C¤ä«ù³o­Ó¸ÑÄÀªº¥t¤@¬q¸g¤å¡]°£¤FªL«á¤­18-21¤@¬q¥~¡^¬O¨Ï®{¦æ¶Ç¤Q¤T³¹¤Q¤­¦Ü¥|¤Q¤@¸`¡G«Où¦b©¼¦è©³ªº¦w´£ªü¤§·|°ó¤¤©ÒÁ¿ªº¹D¡]16-41¸`¡^¡AÅãµM¬O¡uºÖ­µ©Ê¡v©Î¡u§G¹D©Ê¡vªº¡]¤×¨£38-41¸`¡^¡A¥i¨£«Où»{¬°§G¹D©Êªº¶Ç¹D¬O¡uÄU«j¡v¡]15¸`¡A§Y¥»¸`©Ò¥Îªº¦Wµü¡^ªº¦æ°Êªº¤@³¡¥÷¡C¸û¦hªº®É­Ô¡A¡uÄU«j¡vªº¹ï¶H¬O«H®{¡A¦b³o±¡§Î¤U¡A³o¦æ°Ê©Ò«üªº´N¬O¤@­Ó¦a¤è±Ð·|ªºªªªÌ±NºÖ­µªº¯u²zÀ³¥Î¦b¨º­Ó±Ð·|¤Î¨ä­Ó§Oªº·|²³¨­¤W¡A¨äª½±µ¥Øªº¬O­nÀ°§U¥L­Ì¶¶ªAú¦ºÖ­µ¨Ó¥Í¬¡¡]ù¤Q¤G8¡F´£«e¥|13¡F¨Ó¤Q¤T22¢w¢w­ì¤å©Ò¥Î¦Wµü»P¥»¸`¬Û¦P¡^¡C«Où¦b©««°ªº¶Ç¹D¤u§@¡AÅãµM¥]¬A¹ï«H®{ªº¡uÄU«j¡v¡]10-12¸`¡A11¸`©Ò¥Îªº¬O°Êµü¡^¡A¦]¦¹§Ú­Ì¥i¥H¦X²z¦a±À½×¡A¥»¸`ªº¡uÄU«j¡v¥ç¥]¬A³o¤è­±ªº·N«ä¡Cºî¦X¨Ó»¡¡A¡u§Ú­ÌªºÄU«j¡v¬O«ü«Où©M¦P¤u¶ÇºÖ­µªº¤u§@¡A¥]¬A¹ï¥¼Âk¥DªÌªº¡u©IÆ~¡v¥H¤Î¹ï«H®{ªº¡uÄU«j¡v¨â¤è­±¡C39

¡u¿ùÂÕ¡v¤@µüªº­ì¤å40¦b·s¬ù¦@¥Î¤F¤Q¦¸¡A«Où®Ñ«H¦û¤F¥|¦¸¡A¥]¬A¥»®Ñ¤Î«á®Ñ¡]¤G11¡^¦U¤@¦¸¡C³oµü¦b»Z¯ó¯È¤åÄm¤¤¦ü¦³¥D°Êªº¡u´ÛÄF¡v¤§·N¡A41¦ý¦b·s¬ù¤j³¡¥÷ªº¨Ò¤l¤¤¡A³oµü¦³³Q°Êªº·N«ä¡A§Y¬O¥Ñ©ó¦Û´Û©Î³Q¤H´ÛÄF©Î°g´b¦Ó²£¥Íªº¡u¿ù»~¡v¡]ù¤@27¡A«ä°ª¡G¡uÄA­Ë¬O«D¡v¡F©««á¤G11¡F¶®¤­20¡A·sĶ¡G¡uª[¡v³~¡A§Y¬O¿ù»~ªº¹D¸ô¡F©¼«á¤G18¡A·sĶ¡B«ä°ª¡G¡u¿ùÂÕ¡vªº¥Í¬¡¡F©¼«á¤T17¡FµS11¡^¡C¥t¥~¤T¦¸¡A³oµü¥i¥H¸Ñ¬°¥D°Êªº·N«ä¡]¤Ó¤Ü¤C64¡A·sĶ¡B«ä°ª¡G¡uÄF§½¡v¡F¥±¥|14¡F¬ù³ü¥|6¡A«ä°ª¡G¡u´Û¶B¡vªº¯«¡^¡A¦ý¦Ü¤Ö¦b«á¤G¸`¥ç¥i¸Ñ¬°³Q°Êªº·N«ä¡]¤À§O¨£¡G«ä°ª¡G¤Þ¤J¡u¯îÂÕ¡vªº¸Þ­p¡F²{¤¤¡G¡uÂÕ»~¡vªºÆF¡^¡A³o·N«ä¦Ü¤Ö¦b³Ì«á¤@¸`¬O§ó¬°¾A¦Xªº¡]¦]¡uÂÕ»~ªºÆF¡v»P¡u¯u²zªºÆF¡v¬Û¹ï¡^¡C¦Ü©ó³oµü¦b¥»¸`ªº·N«ä¬O¥D°Ê§í³Q°Ê¡A¦³¤Ö¼ÆÄÀ¸gªÌ¤ä«ù«eªÌ¡A»{¬°«Où¬O»¡¥L¶Ç¹Dªº°Ê¾÷¡]¡u¥X©ó¡v¡^¨Ã¤£¬O­n´ÛÄF¤H¡C42¤j¦h¼ÆÄÀ¸gªÌ«h±Ä¯Ç«áªÌ¡A»{¬°«Où¬O¦b§_»{¥Lªº¡uÄUÁ¿¡v¡]«ä°ª¡^ªº¨Ó·½¡]¡u¥X©ó¡v¡^¬O¹ï¯«ªº¯u²z¡]§Y¬OÃö©ó¯«ªº¯u²z¡^ªº¡u¿ù»~¡v©Î¡u¤Û·Q¡v¡]²{¤¤¡B«ä°ª¡^¢w¢w´«¨¥¤§¡A¥LªººÖ­µ¤£¬O¨Ó¦Û¯«¡C43µ§ªÌ¦P·N³o­Ó¬Ýªk¡A²z¥Ñ¦p¤U¡G¡]¤@¡^¡u¤£¬O¥X©ó¿ù»~¡v­Y¬O«ü°Ê¾÷¡A«K¸ò¤U¤@¥y¡u¤£¬O¥X©ó¦Ã©¡v¡]¨£¤U¤å¡^¦³­«½Æ¤§³B¡C¡]¤G¡^²Ä¥|¸`»P²Ä¤T¸`¬O¬Û¹ïªº¡A¦Ó¯S§O©M¡u¤£¬O¥X©ó¿ù»~¡v¬Û¹ïªº¬O¡u¯«¬JµMÅ礤¤F§Ú­Ì¡A§âºÖ­µ°U¥I§Ú­Ì¡v³o«ä·Q¡F¬Û¹ï¤§¤U¡A¡u¿ù»~¡v©ÒÃö¯Aªº¬O«H®§ªº°ÝÃD¡A¤£¬O°Ê¾÷ªº°ÝÃD¡C¡]¤T¡^­ôªL¦h«á®Ñ¥|³¹¤G¸`¬O©M¥»¸`©Ê½è¬Û¦Pªº¸g¤å¡A«Où¦b¸Ó³B»¡¥L¡u¤£¦æ¸Þ¶B¡A¤£ÂÕÁ¿¡@¯«ªº¹D²z¡v¡A¥»¸`»¡¡u¤£¬O¥X©ó¿ù»~¡A¡K¡K¤]¤£¬O¥Î¸Þ¶B¡v¡F±N¨â¸`¤ñ¸û¡]¾¨ºÞ¨â³Bªº¡u¸Þ¶B¡v¦b­ì¤å¬O¤£¦Pªº¦r¡^¦P¼Ë´£¥Ü§Ú­Ì¡A¥»¸`ªº¡u¿ù»~¡v»P¡u¯«ªº¹D²z¡v¦³Ãö¡A¤£¬O»P«Oùªº°Ê¾÷¦³Ãö¡C¡]¥|¡^«Où¹ï¡u¥LªººÖ­µ¤£¬O¨Ó¦Û¯«ªº¡v³o¶µ«ü±±¨Ã¤£­¯¥Í¡]°Ñ¥[¤@11-12¡^¡A¥L¦b³oùØ¥i¯à¬O°w¹ï¦P¼Ëªº«ü±±´£¥XÅGÅ@¡C

 

37 parakle{sis.

38 parakaleo{

39 Cf. O. Schmitz, TDNT V 795. Kemmler(Faith 176-177)±N¡uÄU«j¡v¸Ñ¬°¡u¦w¼¢¡v---«Oùªº«ÅÁ¿¬O¤@ºØ¦w¼¢¡A¤×«ü°ò·þ¦A¨ÓªºÀ³³\©M¬ß±æ©Ò¥Íªº¦w¼¢¡]¤@10¡A¥|18¡A¤­11¡F©«®{¤G16¡^¡C¦ý¦¹»¡¯Ê¥F»¡ªA¤O¡C

40 plane.

41 MM 516(s.v.)¡C¡u´ÛÄF¡v©Î¡u°g´b¡v¬O¦P¦r®Úªº°Êµü\cs15planao¤»¦¸¥X²{©ó«Où®Ñ«H®É¡]ªL«e¤»9¡A¤Q¤­33¡F¥[¤»7¡F´£«á¤T13¡e¨â¦¸¡f¡F¦h¤T3¡^¤@³eªº·N«ä¡F°Êµüªº¥t¤@­Ó·N«ä¬O¡u¨«°g¤F¸ô¡v¡]¨Ò¦p¡G¤Ó¤Q¤K12¡F©¼«e¤G25¡^¡C

42 Denney 326b-327a; Schmithals, Paul 144-145 Bruce 26. Cf. W. Horbury, as re-ported in NTA ¡±27(1983)-660¡F§@ªÌ»{¬°«Où·í®É¾D¨ü¡u»¡°²¹w¨¥¡vªº«ü±±¡A¥L³o¥y¸Üªº·N«ä´N¬O¡G¡u§Ú­Ì§@¥X¥ýª¾ªºÄU«j¨Ã«D­n»¤´b§A­Ì­I±ó¯u¹D¡C¡v

43 E.g., Lightfoot 20; Frame 95; Marshall 64-65; Cranfield, '1 Thessalonians 2' 220; H. Braun, TDNT VI 250 with n. 152.

 

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¡u¦Ã©¡v¦b¥t¤@¨ÇĶ¥»¤¤Â½¦¨¡u¨õ¦Ãªº°Ê¾÷¡v¡]·í¸t¡^¡B¡u¤£¨}ªº°Ê¾÷¡v¡]²{¤¤¡^¤Î¡u¤£¸Û¡v¡]«ä°ª¡^¡A«áªÌªº·N«ä¤j©è¬O¡u¯Ê¥F¸Û·N¡v©Î¡u¤£¸Û¹êªº°Ê¾÷¡v¡C³oºØĶªk¤Ï¬M¤FÄÀ¸gªÌ¹ï¥»¸`¡u¦ÃíH¡v¤@µü²Ä¤@­Ó¸ÑÄÀ¡C44¥t¤@­Ó¸ÑÄÀ¬O¡u¦Ã©¡v«ü±¡¼¤©Î¤£¹D¼wªº¦æ¬°¡A¥i¯à¯S§O«ü¤£¹D¼wªº©Ê¦æ¬°¡G»P©Ò¿×¡u¸t±@§²¡vÎA¦X±`¬O²§±Ðªº¤@³¡¥÷¡]°ÑªL«e¤»15-16¡^¡A²§±Ð®{ªº¹D¼w¥Í¬¡¦Ü¤Ö±`»P¥L­Ìªº©v±Ð«H¥õ²æ¸`¡F«Où¦b¥»¥y§_»{ªº¡A´N¬O¦b³o¤è­±¥L¸ò¨ä¥L©v±Ðªº«Å±Ð¤h¨ÃµL¤À§O¡C45¡u¦Ã©¡v¤@µü¦b«Où®Ñ«Hªº¥Îªk¦ü¥G¤ä«ù³o­Ó¸ÑÄÀ¡F¦]¬°¥»¸`ªº¦Wµü46¦b·s¬ù¦@¥Î¤F¤Q¦¸¡A´X¥G¥þ³¡¬O¦b«Où®Ñ«H¤¤¡]°ß¤@ªº¨Ò¥~¬O¤Ó¤Ü¤T27¡^¡A©Ò«üªº³£¬O»P¡u¸t¼ä¡v¬Û¤Ï¡B¨Ï¤H¤£¯à»P¯«¬Û¥æªº¹D¼w¤Wªº¡u¤£¼ä¡v¡A¦Ó¥B¤j³£¬O«ü¦æ¬°¡]©««e¥|7¡Fù¤@24¡F¥±¥|19¡^¡A¦³¦h¦¸¬Æ¦Ü¥i¯à¯S§O«ü©ÊÃö«Y¤Î©Ê¦æ¬°¤è­±ªº¤£¼ä¡]ªL«á¤Q¤G21¡F¥[¤­19¡F¥±¤­3¡F¦è¤T5¢w¢w¦b³o¥|³B¦a¤è¡A¡u¦Ã©¡v»P¡u²]¶Ã¡v³sú¦¥X²{¡F¥ç°Ñ©««e¥|7¡A¤ñ¸û¥|3¡^¡C¦P¦r®Úªº§Î®eµü47¦b«Où®Ñ«H¥X²{¤T¦¸¡A¨ä¤¤¤@¦¸ªº·N«ä¬O¡u¤¶¥G§»ö¤Wªº¸t¼ä©M±Ï®¦·N¸q¤Wªº¸t¼ä¡vªº¬Û¤Ï¡]ªL«e¤C14¡^¡A¦ý¨ä¾l¨â¦¸³£¬O«ü¤£¹D¼wªº¤H¡]¥±¤­5¡A°Ñ¤­3°Êµü¡^©Î¤£¹D¼wªº¨Æ¡]ªL«á¤»17¡A«ö¤C1ªº´£¥Ü¡^¡C¥Ñ¦¹¥i¨£¡A¥»¸`ªº¡u¦Ã©¡v¸Ñ¬°±¡¼¤©Î©Ê¤è­±ªº¤£¼ä¬O»P³o²Õ¦r·J¡]¤×¨ä¬O¦Wµü¡^¦b«Où®Ñ«Hªº¥Îªk¬Û²Åªº¡C

¥i¬O¥t¤@¤è­±¡A¥»¸`ªº¤å²z¨Ã¤£¤ä«ù³o­Ó¸ÑÄÀ¡]¡u¤£¼äªº©Ê¦æ¬°¡v³B©ó¡u¿ù»~¡v»P¡u¸Þ¶B¡v¤§¶¡¬Ý°_¨Ó¤£¤j¦ÛµM¡A¥»³¹¤U¤å¥çµL©úÅã´£¤Î©Ê¦æ¬°¤è­±ªº¨Æ¡^¡A¤]¨S¦³¨ä¥LÃÒ¾Úªí¥Ü«Où´¿¨ü¨ì³oºØ«ü±±¡C¦]¦¹¤W­zªº²Ä¤@­Ó¸ÑÄÀ¡]¡u¨õ¦Ãªº°Ê¾÷¡v¡^¥i¯à¸û¬°¥i¨ú¡A©Ò«üªº¡u¦Ã©¡v¥i¸Ñ¬°¤U¤å´£¨ìªº¡u³g¤ß¡v¡B¡u¨DºaÄ£¡v¡]5¡B6¸`¡^µ¥§Q¤vªº°Ê¾÷¡C¤U¦C¦UÂIÅã¥Ü³o­Ó¸ÑÄÀ¬O¥i¯àªº¡G¡]¤@¡^¦Wµü¡u¦Ã©¡v¦b·s¬ùÁöµM¤j¦h¼Æ«ü¥~¦bªº¦æ¬°¡A¦ý¦b°¨¤ÓºÖ­µ¤G¤Q¤T³¹¤G¤Q¤C¸`«h©ú«ü¤å¤h©Mªk§QÁɤH¡u¤º¤ß¡eªº¡fµê°°©M¨¸´c¡v¡]²{¤¤¡^¡F¡]¤G¡^³oµü¦bù°¨®Ñ¤»³¹¤Q¤E¸`ªº·N«ä¬O«Ü¼sÁ諸¡A¥]¬AÅã©ó¦æ¬°ªº©MÂé󤺤ߪº¡u¤£¼ä¡v¡F¡]¤T¡^«Où¦b­ôªL¦h«á®Ñ¤C³¹¤@¸`±N¤W¤@¸`¤Þ¦Û¥HÁɨȮѤ­¤Q¤G³¹¤Q¤@¸`ªº¸ÜÀ³¥Î¦bŪªÌ¨­¤W®É¡A§â¬ù¸g¤åªº¡u¤£¼ä¤§ª«¡vºtö¬°¡u¦×Åé©M¤ßÆF¤Wªº¤@¤Á¬¿¦Ã¡v¡]«ä°ª¡^¡A¦Ó¡u³g¤ß¡vÅãµM¬O¡u¨Ï¡K¡KÆF»î¦Ã¬Vªº¨Æª«¡v¡]²{¤¤¡^¤§¤@¢w¢w«Où¦³´X¦¸§â¡u³g¤ß¡v©M¡u¦Ã©¡v¦C¦b¦P¤@¸`ùØ¡]¥±¤­3¡B5¡F¦è¤T5¡F°Ñ¥|19¡^¡A­C¿q«h§ó²M·¡¦a§â¡u³g¤ß¡v¦C¤J¡u±q¤HùØ­±¥X¨Ó¦Ó¯u¥¿¨Ï¤H¤£¼ä²b¡vªº¨¸´c¤§¤º¡]¥i¤C22-23¡A²{¤¤¡^¡C³o­Ó¸ÑÄÀ¤£¶È¬O¥i¯àªº¡A¦Ó¥B¨Ã¨S¦³²Ä¤G­Ó¸ÑÄÀ©Ò¯A¤Îªº§xÃø¡A±o¥Xªº·N«ä¥ç»P¥»¬q¡]¤G1-12¡^¤Þ¨¥©Ò¸ÑÄÀªº­I´º¬Û²Å¡A¤¶¦Íµü¡]¡u¥X¦Û¡v¡^§ó¥i«ö¨ä³Ì¦ÛµMªº·N«ä¨Ó¤F¸Ñ¡A¦]¦¹µ§ªÌ»{¬°³o¬O¥¿½Tªº¸ÑÄÀ¡C

 

44 Cf., e.g.: Calvin 342; Best 94; Hendriksen 62; Marshall 65; Schmithals, Paul 145-146.

45 Cf., e.g.: Lightfoot 20-21; Frame 95; Neil 37; Moore 34¡F©P47¡]¡u©Ò¿×¦Ã©´N¬Oª½±µ§ðÀ»¨Ï®{­Ì¦³²]¶Ãªº¦æ¬°¡v¡^¡CRoetzel(Letters of Paul 52)«h»{¬°«OùÀò±o¡u¦Ã©¡vªº¸o¦W¬O¦]¥L±Ð¾É¤H´¬±ó«ßªk¡A³o¼Ë´N¹ªÀy¤H©ñÁa¦×Åé¡C

46 akatharsia.

47 akathartos.³o¦r¦í·s¬ù¦@¥X²{¤T¤Q¤@¦¸¡G¡]¤@¡^¤G¤Q¦¸¦bºÖ­µ®Ñªº¡u¦Ã°­¡v¡]pneuma akatharton, ª½Ä¶¬O¡u¦ÃÆF¡v¡^¤@µü¤¤¡]¨Ò¦p¡A³æ¼Æ¡G¤Ó¤Q43¡F¥i¤@23¡F¸ô¤K29¡F½Æ¼Æ¡G¤Ó¤Q1¡F¥i¤@27¡F¸ô¥|36¡F®{¤­16¡^¡A¥t¤@¦¸¤]¬O§Î®e¡u°­¡v¦r¡]¸ô¥|33¡Gdaimonion akatharton¡^¡F¡]¤G¡^¤T¦¸¦b¨Ï®{¦æ¶Ç¡]¤Q14¡B28¡A¤Q¤@8¡^¡A«ü§»ö¤Wªº¤£¼ä¡F¡]¤T¡^¤T¦¸¦b«Où®Ñ«H¡]¨£¥¿¤å¡^¡F¡]¥|¡^¥|¦¸¦b±Ò¥Ü¿ý¡]¤Q¤C4¡A¤Q¤K2b¡A¤Q¤K2a¡A¤Q¤»13¡^¡A«á¤G³Bªº¡u¦Ã©ªºÆF¡v¦í­ì¤å¡]¤À§O¬O³æ¼Æ©M½Æ¼Æ¡^»PºÖ­µ®Ñªº¡u¦Ã°­¡v¬Û¦P¡C

 

¡u¤]¤£¬O¥Î¸Þ¶B¡v

³oùةҥΦWµüªº­ì¤å48¦b·s¬ù¦@¥X²{¤Q¤@¦¸¡]«Où®Ñ«H¦û¤F¤T¦¸¡^¡A·N«ä¬O¡u¸Þ¶B¡v¡]®{¤Q¤T10¡Fù¤@29¡F©¼«e¤G1¡^¡A¦³®É«ü©ú¬O¤ß¤¤¡]¥i¤C22¡F¬ù¤@47¡^©Î¤f¤¤ªº¸Þ¶B¡]©¼«e¤G22¡A¤T10¡^¡A©Î¬O«ü¡u¸Þ­p¡v¡]¤Ó¤Ü¤»4¡F¥i¤Q¥|1¡FªL«á¤Q¤G16¡e¦b¦¹¸`©M¦X¥»§@¡u¤ß­p¡v¡f¡^¡F³Ì«á³o­Ó¥Îªk³Ì¯à¤Ï¬M³oµü©Ò¨Ó¦Û¨º­Ó°Êµüªº·N«ä¡A§Y¬O¡u¥H»ç®·®»¡v¡C49¦P¦r®Úªº¥t¤@­Ó°Êµü©M§Î®eµü50¦b·s¬ù¥X²{¦U¤@¦¸¡A«eªÌ´y¼g¤Hªº¦ÞÀY¡uºu¥X¸Þ¶B¡v¡]ù¤T13¡A²{¤¤¡^¡A«áªÌ§Î®e«Où¦b­ôªL¦hªº¼Ä¹ïªÌ¬°¡u¸Þ¶Bªº¤u¤H¡v¡]ªL«á¤Q¤@13¡A·sĶ¡^¡C±q­ôªL¦h«á®Ñ¤Q¤G³¹¤Q¤»¸`¥i¨£¡A«Où³Q³o¨Ç¤H»z®º¡A»¡¥L¥Î¸Þ¶Bªº¤èªkÄF¨ú­ôªL¦h«H®{ªºª÷¿ú¡A¦]¥L¬O­Ó¡u¬¾·â¡vªº¤H¡]·sĶ¡B«ä°ª¡F©M¦X¥»§@¡u¸Þ¶B¡v¡^¡C­ì¤å³o­Ó§Î®eµü51¦b·s¬ù¥u¥Î¤F³o¤@¦¸¡A¦ý¦P¦r®Úªº¦Wµü52¥X²{¤­¦¸¡A¨ä·N«ä¤]¬O¡u¸Þ­p¡v¡]¸ô¤G¤Q23¡A²{¤¤¡B·sĶ¡B«ä°ª¡FªL«e¤T19¡e«ä°ª¡G¡u­p¿Ñ¡v¡f¡FªL«á¤Q¤@3¡A·sĶ¡F¥±¥|14¡^©Î¡u¸Þ¶B¡v¡]ªL«á¥|2¡^¡C³Ì«á³o¸`ªº¡u¤£¦æ¸Þ¶B¡v¸ò¥»¥yªº¡u¤£¬O¥Î¸Þ¶B¡v¦b·N«ä©Mµ²ºc¤W53³£«D±`±µªñ¡G¸Ó¥y»¡«Où¤Î¦P¤u¤£¬O¡u¦æ¦b¸Þ¶B¤¤¡v¡A¥»¥y»¡¥L­Ì¶Ç¹Dªº¬¡°Ê¤£¬O¡u¦b¸Þ¶B¤¤¡v¡]­ì¤åª½Ä¶¡^¡A¤¶¨tµü¡u¦b¡v¦r¤Þ¥X¤F³o¼Ëªº·N«ä¢w¢w¡u¸Þ¶B¡v¨Ã¤£¬O¥L­Ì¦æ¨Æ©M¶Ç¹Dªº¹D¼wª^³ò¡A¥L­Ì¨Ã¤£¬O¦b¡u¸Þ¶B¡vªº½dÃ¥¤º¥Í¬¡©Î¶Ç¹Dªº¡C54´«¤@­ÓÁ¿ªk¡A¥»¥y©ÒÃöª`ªº¡A¤£¬O¥L­Ì¶Ç¹Dªº°Ê¾÷¡A¦Ó¬O¥L­Ì©Ò¥Îªº¤èªk¡]°Ñ·í¸t¡G¡u¤]¨S¦³¥Î¸Þ¶Bªº¤èªk¡v¡^¡C55

ºî¦X¥»¸`ªº·N«ä¡A«Où¥ý±q¤Ï­±ÁnºÙ¡A¥L©M¦P¤uªº¶ÇºÖ­µ¬¡°Ê¡A¨Ã¤£¬O°ò©óÂÕ»~ªº«H®§¡]·½©ó¿ù»~¡^¡A¤]¤£¬O¥X©ó¤£¼äªº°Ê¾÷¡A¤]¨S¦³¥Î¸Þ¶Bªº¤èªk¡C56¥L¦b¤U¤@¸`Ä~¦Ó°w¹ï¤W­z¤TÂI¡A±q¥¿­±«ü¥X¨Æ¹ê¬O«ç¼Ëªº¡C

 

48 dolos.

49 delo{  : cf. Robertson, Pictures 4.16.¦P¦r®Úªºµü¡]doloo¦b·s¬ù¥u¥X²{¤@¦¸¡]ªL«á¥|2¡A«ü¡uºU²V¡v¡]·sĶ¡^§Y¬O¡u¦±¸Ñ¡v¡]²{¤¤¡^¯«ªº¹D¡C

50 dolioo{, dolios.

51 panourgos.

52 panourgia.

53 me{ peripatountes en panourgia, oude en doloi.

54 en denotes the 'ethical sphere'(Ellicott 17 b)or 'atmosphere'(Frame 96).

55 Cf. e.g., Calvin 342; Marshall 65, over against Ellicott 17b-18a.

56 Jewett(Anthropological Terms 314)»{¬°«Où¦b¥»¸`¬OµªÅGÁa¼¤¥D¸qªÌªº«ü±±¡A¥L­Ì»¡«Où¨ä¹ê¤w¶W²æ¤F¶Ç²Îªº¹D¼w§ô¿£¡A«o¥H¹D¼wªº¥~¦ç§â¥L³oºØ¦Û¥ÑÂð_¨Ó¡A¬°­nµ¹©«¤H¤@­Ó¦n¦L¶H¡A»â¥L­ÌÂk«H°ò·þ±Ð¡C¦ý§@ªÌ¨S¦³´£¥X¨¬°÷ªº²z¥Ñ¨Ó¤ä«ù¨ä»¡¡C

 

¤G4¡u¦ý¡@¯«¬JµMÅ礤¤F§Ú­Ì¡A§âºÖ­µ°U¥I§Ú­Ì¡A§Ú­Ì´N·Ó¼ËÁ¿¡v

ÀY¨â¥y¦b­ì¤å¥Îªº¬O³Q°Ê®æ¦¡¡A¦Ó¥B©Òªí¹Fªº°ò¥»¤W¥u¬O¤@­Ó·N«ä¡A´N¬O«Où³Q¯«¡u¦ÒÅç¦X®æ¦Ó¨ü©e°U¶ÇºÖ­µ¡v¡]«ä°ª¡^¡C¡uÅ礤¡v»P¤U¤åªº¡u¹îÅç¡v¦b­ì¤å¬O¦P¤@­Ó°Êµü¡A57¦b¥»®Ñ·|¦A¥X²{¤@¦¸¡]¤­21¡^¡F³oµü¦b·s¬ù¦@¥Î¤F¤G¤Q¤G¦¸¡A«Où®Ñ«H¦û¤Q¤C¦¸¡C¦³Ãö³oµü³¡¥÷ªº¦r¸q¬ã¨s¡A½Ð°Ñ¶¾¡G¡uµÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ¡v 104¡F¦b¸Ó³B¥¼´£¤Îªº¥|¸`¸g¤å¤¤¡A³oµüªº·N«ä¤À§O¬O¡G¡u¤À¿ë¡v¡]¸ô¤Q¤G56¡A¨â¦¸¡^©Î¡uÆ[¹î¡v¡]«ä°ª¡^¡F¡u¸Õ¡]¤û¡^¡v¡]¸ô¤Q¥|19¡^¡F¡u¸ÕÅç¡v¡]¬ù³ü¥|1¡^¡B¡u¹îÅç¡v¡]²{¤¤¡^©Î¡u¦ÒÅç¡v¡]«ä°ª¡^¡F¡u¿ï¾Ü¡v¡]ù¤@28¡A©M¦X¥»ªº¡u¬G·N¡v¡^¡C³Ì«á¤@¸`¥i¨Ñ»P¥»¥y¤ñ¸û¡G¸Ó³B»¡¤H¡u¤£Ä@·N«ù¦uÃö©ó¤W«Òªº¯uª¾ÃÑ¡v¡]²{¤¤¡^¡A§Y¬O¥L­Ì¿ï¾Ü¤£©Ó»{¯«¡A¤£¥HÍ¢¬°¯«¦Óºaģ͢¡B·PÁÂÍ¢¡]°Ñù¤@21¡^¡F¥»¥y«h»¡¯«¸g¹L¡u¹îÅç¡v¦Ó¡u¿ï©Þ¡v¡]²{¤¤¡^¤F«Où¡C°Êµü¦b­ì¤å©Ò¥Îªº§¹¦¨®É¦¡¡A±j½Õ¹L¥hªº¦æ°Ê©Ò±a¨Ó²{¤µ¤´¦sªºµ²ªG¡G¸g¡u¦ÒÅç¦X®æ¡vªº«Où¬O³Q¡uÅ礤¤F¡v¡A§Y¬O³Q¿ï¤Wªº¡C

¯«¿ï©Þ«Oùªº¥Øªº¬O­n§âºÖ­µ¢w¢w¡u¯«ªººÖ­µ¡v¡]2¸`¡^¡A¤@¶µµL»ù¤§Ä_¢w¢w¥æ°Uµ¹¥L¡C¡u°U¥I¡v»P¡u«H¡v¡]¤@7¡^¦b­ì¤å¬O¦P¤@­Ó¦r¡A¦b·s¬ùùØ¥t¦³¤C¦¸¥Î¦b¡u«H°U¡vªº·N«ä¤W¡]¸ô¤Q¤»11¡F¬ù¤G24¡Fù¤T2¡^¡A¨ä¤¤¥|¸`»P¥»¥y¯S§O¦³Ãö¡G¯«§â¡uºaÄ£ªººÖ­µ¡v¡]´£«e¤@11¡^¥H¤Î¡u«ÅÁ¿ªº¨Ï©R¡v¡]¦h¤@3¡A·sĶ¡^¡A§Y¬O¶ÇºÖ­µªº¡u¾³d¡v¡]ªL«e¤E17¡A·sĶ¡^¡A¤×¨ä¬O¡u¶ÇºÖ­µµ¹¥~¨¹¤Hªº¥ô°È¡v¡]¥[¤G7¡A²{¤¤¡^¡A°U¥I¤Fµ¹«Où¡C58¦b³o¥|¸`¸g¤å´£¥Ü¤§¤U¡A¥i¨£¥»¸`©Ò»¡ªº¥D­n¬O«Où­Ó¤Hªº¸g¾ú¡A¥ç¥i¨£¡u¹îÅç¡v©M¡u¿ï©Þ¡vªº¦æ°Ê¡A¥i¥H»{¦P¬°¯«ÂÇú¦°ò·þ¦b¤j°¨¦âªº¸ô¤W©I¥l«Où§@¥~±Ú¤Hªº¨Ï®{¡]´£«e¤@12¡FªL«e¤E1¡F¥[¤@15-16¡^¡A¾¨ºÞ¦b²×·¥ªº·N¸q¤W¡A«Où¬O¦b¥X¥Í¤§«e«K¤w»X¯«§â¥L¤À§O¥X¨Ó¡]¥[¤@15¡^¡A¹³¥ýª¾­C§Q¦Ì¤@¼Ë¡]­C¤@5¡^¡C«Où»X¥l¨ü°U¶ÇºÖ­µªº¸g¾ú¡AÂ_©w¤F¥L¾ã­Ó¤H¥Íªº·N¸q¡C

¦ý¥L¦b³oùئۺٳQ¯«¡u¦ÒÅç¦X®æ¡v¡A¬O§_ªí¥Ü¥L¦Û»{°t¨ü¯«ªº«H°U¡H¥L¦b¨ä¥L¦a¤è¦h¦¸§i¶D§Ú­Ì¡A¥Lªº»X¥l¨ü°U§¹¥þ¬O¥X©ó¯«ªº®¦¨å©M¼¦¼§¡]¨Ò¦p¡Gù¤@5¡A²{¤¤¡FªL«e¤T10¡A¤Q10¡F¥[¤@15¡F¥±¤T7-8¡F´£«e¤@13-16¡^¡A¦]¦¹¯«¡uÅ礤¤F¡v¥L¤£µ¥©ó¥L¡u°t±o¡v¡]°Ñ©««á¤@11¡^³o®¦¨å¡C¥t¤@¤è­±¡A¡uÅ礤¡v¬Ý°_¨Ó¦³¡u»{¬°¦X¾A¡vªº§t·N¡]°Ñ´£«e¤@12¡^¡A¦Ó«Où¥ç¤£©È¦Û»{¬O­Ó©¾¤ßªººÞ®a¡]ªL«e¥|1¡^¡A¥B¤ñ²³¨Ï®{®æ¥~³Ò­W¡]ªL«e¤Q¤­10¡^¡CŲ©ó¥»¬q¡]¤G1-12¡^ªº¦ÛÅG©Ê½è¡A³o¤è­±ªº·N«ä¤]³\¥¿¬O«Où©Ò­n±j½Õªº¡C»P¦¹¦P®É¡A§Ú­Ì¤£¥i±N¥»¥y¸Ñ¬°¯«¦]¬°¹w¥ýª¾¹D«Où·|¦³¡B©Î¬Ý¨£«Où¹ê¦b¦³©¾¤ß¡B­@³Ò¡B¯à¦Y­Wµ¥«~½è¦Ó¿ï¥l¥L¡F¨Æ¹ê­è¦n¬Û¤Ï¢w¢w¨Ï«Où¡u¦³¸ê®æ§@·s¬ùªº¹²§Ð¡vªº¬O¯«¡]ªL«á¤T5-6¡A·sĶ¡^¡A¥L¯à°÷¼i¦æ¥Lªº¨Ï®{¥ô°È¡A¬O¥Ñ©ó¥D¥[¤O¶qµ¹¥L¡]µÌ¥|13¡FªL«á¤Q¤G9-10¡F´£«á¥|17¡F°Ñ¦è¤@29¡^¡C­Õ­Y¹ï§Ú­Ì¨Ó»¡¡uÅ礤¡v©l²×¦³ÂI¡u«Où¨ã¦³¤@¨Ç¦X¾Aªº±ø¥ó¡vªº·N¨ý¡A³o¬OµLªkÁקKªº¡A¦]¬°¨S¦³¥ô¦ó¤@ºØ»y¨¥¥»¨­¨¬¥H±NµL­­¤§¯«¥H¤ÎÍ¢»P¥@¤HªºÃö«Yªí¹F±oµ´¹ï§¹¥þ¡C59

¥t¤@­Ó°ÝÃD¬O¡G¬JµM³oùØ©Ò»¡ªº¨ä¹ê¬O«Où­Ó¤Hªº¸g¾ú¡A¨º»ò¥L¬°¦ó¤£¥Î¡u§Ú¡v¦Ó¥Î¡u§Ú­Ì¡v©O¡H³o²{¶H¥i¸ÑÄÀ¦p¤U¡G¤W¤@¸`ªº¡u§Ú­Ì¡v½T¬O«ü«Où©M¥Lªº¦P¤u¡A¨ºùØ´£¥Xªº¤TÂI¡A¥ç¦P¼Ë¾A¥Î©ó«Où¤Î¨ä¦P¤u¨­¤W¡F¦ý·í«Où­n±q¥¿­±´£¥X¥L­Ì¶Ç¹Dªº°ò¦®É¡A¥L¦ÛµM¥ß¨è·Q¨ì¥L¦Û¤v»X¥l¨ü°U¶ÇºÖ­µªº¨Æ¹ê¡A¦]¦¹´N§â¥Lªº­Ó¤H¸g¾ú´y¼g¦¨¥L©M¦P¤uªº¦@¦P¸g¾ú¡C«Où³o¼Ë°µ¤£¬O¤£¦X²zªº¡A¦]¬°¡]¤@¡^¥L¬O¨º­Ó¤T¤H«Å±Ð¶¤¥î¡]°Ñ¤@1¡^ªº»â³S¡A¥i¥H¥Î¦Û¤v¥Nªí¥þ¶¤¡A60¦Ó¥B¡]¤G¡^¦è©Ô©M´£¼¯¤ÓÁöµM¡]´NÃҾکҤΡ^¨S¦³«Où»P´_¬¡ªº¥D¬Û¹J¨Ã³Q¥L©e¬£ªº¨ººØ¸g¾ú¡A¦ý¡u³Q¯«Å礤¦Ó¨ü°U¶ÇºÖ­µ¡v³o¥y¸Ü¡A¥Î¦b¥L­Ì¨­¤W¤´¬O¾A¤Áªº¡]°Ñ¤@1µùÄÀ¤Î¤U­±µù71¡^¡C

¡u¬JµM¡K¡K´N·Ó¼Ë¡v³oºØ¥yªk¡A61¤£¦ý«ü¥X¤F¥L­Ì¶Ç¹Dªº°ò¦¬O¯«ªº¿ï¥l¡A¦Ó¥Bªí¥Ü¥L­Ì©ÒÁ¿ªº«H®§¤£¥~¥G¯«©Ò¥æ°UªººÖ­µ¡F³oºÖ­µ·½¥X©ó¯«¡A¦]¦¹¥L­Ìªº«H®§¤£¬O¥X©óÂÕ»~ªº¡C¤£¦ý¦p¦¹¡A³oºØ¥yªk¡]Ķ¬°¡u´N¦p¡K¡K·Óú¦¡v¡^¦P®É´£¥Ü¡A¥L­Ì³Q¯«Å礤¦Ó¨ü°U¶ÇºÖ­µªº¨Æ¹ê¡Aª½±µ¦a¼vÅT©ÎÂ_©w¥L­Ì¶ÇºÖ­µªº°Ê¾÷©M¤èªk¡C¤U¥b¸`ªº¸Ü§â³o¤è­±ªº§t·N©ú¥Õªºªí¹F¥X¨Ó¡C

 

57 dokimazo{ . Collins 187-188(with reference to A.-M. Denis)«ü¥X¡A¦¹¦r¦b«Où®É¥N´X¥G¬O­Ó±Mªù¦Wµü¡A«ü¤H¦b³Q©e¬°ªk©x©Î¨ä¥L­«­nªº¬Fªv¾¦ì¤§«e©Ò¨üªº¸Ô²Ó¬dÅç©MÀH«áªº¥¿¦¡¥ô©R(cf. 376-377).

58 ¥»¥y­ì¤å©Ò¥Îªºµ²ºc(pisteuthe{nai to euangelion) «ö¤åªk¤ÀªR¬°passive of pisteuo{  + 'retained accusative' of the thing(MHT 3.247; Idiom 32; M.J. Harris, NIDNTT III 1211).¦P¤@µ²ºc¥ç¨£©ó­è¤Þ­zªº¥|¸`¤Îù¤T2.

59 Cf. Marshall 66.

60 Cf. Best 28.

61 katho{s...houtos.

 

¡u¤£¬O­n°Q¤H³ßÅw¡A¤D¬O­n°Q¨º¹îÅç§Ú­Ì¤ßªº¡@¯«³ßÅw¡v

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«Où¦b³oùرN¡u°Q¤H³ßÅw¡v©M¡u°Q¯«³ßÅw¡v¬Ý¬°¤¬¬Û¹ï¥ß¡B©¼¦¹±Æ¥¸ªººA«×¡A´N¦p¥L¦b¥[©Ô¤Ó®Ñ¤@³¹¤Q¸`§â¡u°Q¤Hªº³ßÅw¡v©M¡u¡e§@¡f°ò·þªº¹²¤H¡vµø¬°¬Û¹ï¤@¼Ë¡C¸Ó³B©Ò¤Ï¬M«Où¦b¥[©Ô¤Ó¹J¨ìªº«ü±±¡A´N¬O»¡¥L¬Ý­·Âà²ë¡A¬°­n°Q¦n¥LªºÅ¥²³¦Ó§ïÅÜ¥Lªº«H®§¡]°Ñ¥[¤­11¡^¡F³oùؤϬMªº«ü±±¡A¤]³\¬OµS¤Ó¤H»¡¥L´î¥h«ßªkªº­n¨D¦Ó³æÁ¿¾Ì®¦¨å±o±Ïªº«H®§¡A¬°¨Ï¥~¨¹¤H®e©öÂk«H°ò·þ¡A68¦ý§ó¥i¯àªº¡]Ų©ó¥»¸`ªº¤W¤U¤å¡^¬O»¡¥LÃhú¦¦Û¨pªº°Ê¾÷¡A¥Î½Ô´Aªº¸Ü¥h°Q¦n¤H¡C«Où¥Î¡u¤£¬O¡K¡K¤D¬O¡v³oªí¹F±j¯P¹ï¤ñªº»yªk¡]¤W¤åªº¡u¤£¬O¡K¡K¦ý¡v¬O¦P¤@»yªk¡^69»é¥¸¬O¶µ«ü±±¡C¦Ó¥B¡u¤£¡K¡K°Q¤H³ßÅw¡v­ì¤å©Ò¥Îªºµ²ºc¡A¥i¯àªí¥Ü«Où©M¦P¤u¤£¬O¶È¦³³oºØ·NÄ@¡]¡u¤£¬O­n¡K¡K¡v©Î¡u¤£¬O¬°¨ú®®©ó¤H¡v¡A«ä°ª¡F·í¸tªº¡u¤£¥²¡K¡K¡v¯ÂÄÝ·NĶ¡^¡A¦Ó¬O¹ê¦b¡u¤£°Q¦n¤H¡v¡]²{¤¤¡^¡C70µL½×¦p¦ó¡A«Où±j½Õ¥L­Ì¨ú®®ªº¹ï¶H¬O¡u¨º¹îÅç§Ú­Ì¤ßªº¡@¯«¡v¡C­ì¤å¤ù»y¦b«Où®Ñ«H¥u¥X²{³o¤@¦¸¡A¦¹»y¦ü¥G³¡¥÷¤Þ¦Û­C§Q¦Ì®Ñ¤Q¤@³¹¤G¤Q¸`¡]¤C¤Q¤hĶ¥»¡F¬Û¦üªº¥y¤l¥ç¨£©ó¦¹Ä¶¥»ªº­C¤Q¤G3¡A¤Q¤C10¡F¸Ö¤@¤T¤K1¡F½e¤Q¤C3µ¥³B¡^¡A©Ò´£¥Üªº·N«ä¡A´N¬O¯«¬O¬}±x¤@¤Á¡B¥]¬A¤H¤ß¤¤Áô¯µªº¼f§PªÌ¡]°Ñ¶Ç¤Q¤G14¡Fù¤G16¡FªL«e¥|5¡^¡C

¡u¤ß¡v¦r­ì¤å71¦b·s¬ù¦@¥Î¤F¤@¦Ê¤­¤Q¤»¦¸¡A«Où®Ñ«H¦û¤T¤À¤§¤@±j¡]¤­¤Q¤G¦¸¡^¡A¥]¬A¥»®Ñ©M«á®Ñ¤­¦¸¡]¥»¸`¡B17¸`¡A¤T13¡F©««á¤G17¡A¤T5¡^¡C«Où¥Î³o¦r¨Ó«ü¤@­Ó¤Hªº¡u¤º¤ß¡v¡]²{¤¤¡B·í¸t¥»¸`¡^¡A§Y¬OÁôÂæbùØ­±ªº¡u¤v¡v¡]¦p¦b¤G17¡^¡A¦³®É¯S«ü¤Hªº«ä·Q¡]¨Ò¦p¡GªL«e¤G9¡^¡B·N§Ó¡]¨Ò¦p¡Gù¤G5¡^©Î·P±¡¤è­±¡]¨Ò¦p¡GµÌ¤@7¡^¡C¥»¸`ªº¡u¤ßÆF¡v¡]«ä°ª¡^©Ò«üªº¡A´N¬O¯«¦V¤§»¡¸Ü¡A©v±Ð¥Í¬¡´Ó®Ú©ó¨ä¤¤¡A¨ÃÂ_©w¹D¼w¦æ¬°ªº¨º­Ó¡u¤HùØ­±ªº¤¤¤ß¡v¡]°Ñ¥[¥|6¡^¡F72´N¦p¤Hªº¤ßÆF¬O¯«¦Û§Ú±Ò¥Üªº¹ï¶H¡]°ÑªL«á¤T15-18¡A¥|6¡^¡A¤Hªº¤ßÆF¤]¬O¯«Å³¹î©M¦ÒÅ窺¹ï¶H¡C«Où©M¦P¤u¤£³æ¦b¹L¥h´¿³Q¯«¡uÅ礤¡v¿ï¤W¡A¦Ó¥B²{¦b¤´Ä~Äò¤£Â_¦b¯«ªº¹îÅç¤U¥Í¬¡©M¨Æ©^¡A¨Ã¥B¦Ü²×­n¦b¯«©M°ò·þªº¼f§P»O«e¥æ½ã¡]ù¤Q¥|10¡FªL«á¤­10¡^¡A¦]¦¹¥L­Ì±M¤@°Q¯«ªº³ß®®¡]°ÑªL«á¤­9¡^¡C

¥Ñ©ó©«¼»Ã¹¥§­{±Ð·|¤º¨ÃµL¡u²Ä¤­Áa¶¤¡v¡]¦¹Ãã«ü¾Ô®É¦b«á¤è¬°¼Ä¤H±q¨Æ¯}Ãa¤u§@ªÌ¡^¡A«Où¤£»Ý­n¹ï²Ä¤T¸`©Ò¤Ï¬Mªº¤T¶µ«ü±±§@¥¿¦¡ªºµªÅG¡]°Ñ¸û¥[¤@11¢w¢w¤G10¡FªL«á¤Q¦Ü¤Q¤T³¹¡^¡A¤£¹L¥L¹ï³o¨Ç«ü±±¤´µM§@¥X¤F¥R¥÷ªº¦^À³¡C¥L¦b¥»¸`«ü¥X¡G¥L©M¦P¤u¬O¨ü¯«©e°U¶ÇºÖ­µªº¡A¦]¦¹¥L­Ì©Ò¶Çªº«H®§¬O¯u½TµL»~ªº¡F¥L­Ì¨ú®®ªº¹ï¶H¬O¨ºÅ礤¤F¥L­Ì¡A¨ÃÄ~Äò¤£Â_¹îÅç¥L­Ìªº¤º¤ß»P¦æ¬°ªº¼f§PªÌ¡A¦]¦¹¥L­Ì¨Æ©^ªº°Ê¾÷¬O¯Â¥¿ªº¡A¥L­Ì¶ÇºÖ­µªº¤èªk¬O¨S¦³¸Þ¶B¦¨¥÷ªº¡C73

 

62 aresko{.

63 °Êµü¦b³oùؤϬM¤F¦P¦r®Úªº§Î®eµü(arestos)¦b»Z¯ó¯È¤åÄmªº¤@­Ó·N«ä¡A§Y¬O¡u¥O¤Hº¡·N¡v¡B¡u¥i±µ¯Ç¡v(MM 75 s.v.)¡D«áªÌ¦b·s¬ù¥u¥X²{¥|¦¸¡]¬ù¤K29¡F®{¤»2¡A¤Q¤G3¡F¬ù³ü¤T22¡^¡C

64 H. Bietenhard, NIDNTT II 816; cf. W. Foerster, TDNT I 455, TDNTA 77.

65 ¦P¦r®Úªº¦Wµü(areskia)¦b·s¬ù¥u¥Î¤F¤@¦¸¡A¤]¬O«ü°Q¥D³ß®®¡]¦è¤@10¡^¡C

66 MM 75(s.v. aresko{ ); Moore 35.

67 euarestos¢w¢w°£«Où®Ñ«H¤K¦¸¥~¡A³o¦r¥u¨£©ó§Æ§B¨Ó®Ñ¡]¤Q¤T21¡^¡F¨ä°Æµü¡]¨Ó¤Q¤G28¡^©M°Êµü¡]¨Ó¤Q¤@5¡B6¡A¤Q¤T16¡^¥ç¥u¨£©ó¸Ó®Ñ¡C

68 Barclay 189»{¬°³o¬OªÖ©w¡uµLºÃ¡vªº¡C

69 ou......alla.

70 ¥»¥yªº­ì¤å¬Oouch ho{s anthro{pois areskontes¡A¨ä¯S§O¤§³B¡A¦b©ó»P¤Àµü³sú¦¥Îªº¤£¬O·s¬ù³q±`¥Îªºme{ ¦Ó¬Oou.«Où¥i¯à±Ä¥Î¤F¥j¨å§Æþ¤åªºµ²ºc¡]­Y¬O³o¼Ë«KµL¯S§O¤§³B¡^¡A¦ý¥ç¥i¯à¦]¥L­nÂǦ¹´£¥Ü¥¿¤å±Ä¯Çªº¨º­Ó·N«ä(cf. MHT 1.231-232; Best 97). BDF 430(2)»{¬°³oùتºµ²ºc¤£¬O¥j¨å§Æþ¤åªº¼vÅT©Ò­P¡A¦Ó¬OÀ³«ö®{¤Ü¤K19¬Û¦Pªºµ²ºc¨Ó¸ÑÄÀ¡G¸Ó³Bªºouch ho{s......echo{n ti ¡× 'I did not do this as one who......' ¥Ñ¦¹±À½×¡A¥»¥yªº·N«ä«K¬O'we do not speak as those who......'³o¸ÑÄÀ¦³§Q©ó¥¿¤å±Ä¯Ç¨º­Ó·N«ä¡F¦ý¡]©h¥B°²©w®{¤Ü¤K19¥i¥H³o¼Ë¸ÑÄÀ¡^±q¤åªkµ²ºcªº¨¤«×¬Ý¡A¥»¥yªºµ²ºc¸ò®{¤Ü¤K19¤£ºÉ¬Û¦P¡A¡u¤£¡v¦r¤£¯à³s©ó°Êµü¡uÁ¿¡v¦r¡A¥u¯à³s©ó¤Àµü¡u°Q¦n¡v(cf. Lightfoot 22).­ì¤å¤p¦rho{s¡]·sĶ¡G¡u¹³¡v¡^ªº¥\¥Î¡A¬O±N¦³Ãöªº¦æ°Ê±q¤@­Ó¯S§Oªº¨¤«×¦p¥H©w¸q¢w¢w§Y¬O±N¥¦©w¸q¬°¡u°Q¤H³ßÅw¡v©Î¡u°Q¯«³ßÅw¡v(cf. ElIicott 18b).

71 kardia. ³o¦r¦b­ì¤å¡]¤C¤Q¤hĶ¥»¦P¡^¬O½Æ¼Æªº¡A»P½Æ¼Æªº¡u§Ú­Ì¡v¬ÛÀ³¡A³o¬O§Æþ¤å¥¿±`ªºµ²ºc¡A¦p¦b¤T13¡F©««á¤G17¡A¤T5¤@¼Ë¡C¥H³æ¼Æªº¦Wµü»P½Æ¼Æªº¥N¦Wµü³s¥Î¡]¨Ò¥[¡GªL«á¤T15¡A¡u¥L­Ìªº¤ß¡v¡^¬O°{Ū»yªk(cf. MHT 3.23).¥»¸`½Æ¼Æªº¡u¤ß¡v¦r¡A²M·¡¦aªí©ú½Æ¼Æªº¡u§Ú­Ì¡v½T¬O«ü«Où¤Î¨ä¦P¤u¡C

72 Cf. Cranfield, Romans 118; J. Behm, TDNT III 612.

73 Cf. Neil 38; Frame 94, 96.

 

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5¦]¬°§Ú­Ì±q¨Ó¨S¦³¥Î¹L½Ô´Aªº¸Ü¡A³o¬O§A­Ìª¾¹Dªº¡F¤]¨S¦³ÂÃú¦³g¤ß¡A³o¬O¡@¯«¥i¥H§@¨£ÃÒªº¡C

6§Ú­Ì§@°ò·þªº¨Ï®{¡AÁöµM¥i¥H¥s¤H´L­«¡A§Y¨S¦³¦V§A­Ì©Î¦V§O¤H¨DºaÄ£¡F

7¥u¦b§A­Ì¤¤¶¡¦s¤ß·Å¬X¡A¦p¦P¥À¿Ë¨Å¾i¦Û¤vªº«Ä¤l¡C

8§Ú­Ì¬J¬O³o¼Ë·R§A­Ì¡A¤£¦ýÄ@·N±N¡@¯«ªººÖ­µµ¹§A­Ì¡A³s¦Û¤vªº©Ê©R¤]Ä@·Nµ¹§A­Ì¡A¦]§A­Ì¬O§Ú­Ì©Ò¯k·Rªº¡C

9§Ì¥S­Ì¡A§A­Ì°O©À§Ú­Ìªº¨¯­W³Ò¸L¡A±Þ©]§@¤u¡A¶Ç¯«ªººÖ­µµ¹§A­Ì¡A§K±o¥s§A­Ì¤@¤H¨ü²Ö¡C

10§Ú­Ì¦V§A­Ì«H¥Dªº¤H¡A¬O¦óµ¥¸t¼ä¡B¤½¸q¡BµL¥i«üºK¡A¦³§A­Ì§@¨£ÃÒ¡A¤]¦³¡@¯«§@¨£ÃÒ¡C

11§A­Ì¤]¾å±o§Ú­Ì«ç¼ËÄU«j§A­Ì¡A¦w¼¢§A­Ì¡AÅñ©J§A­Ì¦U¤H¡A¦n¹³¤÷¿Ë«Ý¦Û¤vªº¨à¤k¤@¼Ë¡F

12­n¥s§A­Ì¦æ¨Æ¹ï±o°_¨º¥l§A­Ì¶i¥L°ê¡B±o¥LºaÄ£ªº¡@¯«¡C

¤G5¡@¥»¸`¶}©lªº¡u¦]¬°¡v¤@µü¸ò²Ä¤T¸`¶}­ºªº¡u¦]¬°¡v¡]¨£¸Ó³BµùÄÀ¡^¬O¥­¦æªº¡G«e¤@­Ó¡u¦]¬°¡v¤Þ¤¶¥X«Où©M¦P¤u¶Ç¹Dªº°ò¦¤Î­ì«h¡]3-4¸`¡^¡A¥»¸`ªº¡u¦]¬°¡v«h¤Þ¤¶¥X¥L­Ì¦b©««°¶Ç¹Dªºªí²{¡]5--12¸`¡^¡A«Où¦VŪªÌ©IÆ~¡A­n¥L­Ì±q¦Û¤vªº¸gÅ礤ÃÒ¹ê¡A«Où©M¦P¤u¦b©««°¶Ç¹Dªºªí²{¡A½T»P¥L­Ì¤@³eªº­ì«h¬Û²Å¡C´N¦p²Ä¥|¸`¤Ï»é²Ä¤T¸`©Ò§tªº¤T¶µ«ü±±¡A·Ó¼Ë¡A²Ä¤­¦Ü¤»¸`±q¤Ï­±´£¥X¤TÂI¡A²Ä¤C¦Ü¤K¡B¤E¦Ü¤Q¡B¤Q¤@¦Ü¤Q¤G¸`«h«ö¬Û¤Ïªº¦¸§Ç¤À§O°w¹ï¸Ó¤TÂI´£¥X¤Ï»é©Î§@¶i¤@¨Bªº¸ÑÄÀ¡C

 

¡u§Ú­Ì±q¨Ó¨S¦³¥Î¹L½Ô´Aªº¸Ü¡A³o¬O§A­Ìª¾¹Dªº¡v

¡u¥Î¹L¡v¦b­ì¤åªºµ²ºc¡A¦³¡u¶i¤J¨Ã¥Í¦s©ó¨ä¤¤¡v©Î¡u±q¨Æ¬YºØ¬¡°Ê¡vªº§t·N¡F«Où©M¦P¤u±q¨Ó¨S¦³³´¤J¡u»¡½Ô´Aªº¸Ü¡v¡]²{¤¤¡^ªºª¬ªp¤§¤¤¡A¨S¦³±q¨Æ¥H¡uªá¨¥¥©»y¨Ó½Ô´A¤H¡v¡]·í¸t¡^ªº¬¡°Ê¡C74¡u½Ô´A¡v¤@µüªº­ì¤å75¦b·s¬ù¥u¥X²{³o¤@¦¸¡A¨ä·N«ä¥i¯à¬O¡u©^©Ó¡v¡]·sĶ¡^¡A¤]¥i¯à¬O©^©Ó¥[¤W´ÛÄF¦ÓÅܦ¨¡u¥H¥©¨¥´Û«¡¡v¡FŲ©ó²Ä¤T¸`¡u¤]¤£¬O¥Î¸Þ¶B¡v¤@¥y¡]°Ñ¸Ó³BµùÄÀ¡^¡A«á¤@­Ó·N«ä¸û²Å¦X¤å²z¡C76µL½×¦p¦ó¡A³oµüªº·N«äÁ`§t¦³¦Û¨pªº°Ê¾÷¢w¢w¤£¬O¬°¤F¨Ï¤H´r®®¡A¦Ó¬O¬°¤F¦Û¤vªº§Q¯q¡C¤£¹L¡A¡u½Ô´A¤§Ãã¡v¡]«ä°ª¡^¤@»yªº­«ÂI¡A´N¹³¡u½Ô´A¡v³oµü¥»¨­¤@¼Ë¡A77ÅãµM¤£¦b°Ê¾÷¦Ó¦b¤è¦¡¡]¦^À³¤T¸`¤U¡u¤£¬O¥Î¸Þ¶B¡v¡^¡A¦]¬°¡u§A­Ìª¾¹Dªº¡v¥u¯à«ü«áªÌ¦Ó«D«eªÌ¡C¡u³o¬O§A­Ìª¾¹Dªº¡v­ì¤å¥iª½Ä¶¬°¡u´N¦p§A­Ì©Òª¾¹Dªº¡v¡]«ä°ª¡^¡F³o¤l¥y¤w¦b¤W¤å¥X²{¨â¦¸¡]¤@5¡A¤G2¡^¡A¤U¤å·|¦A¥X²{¤@¦¸¡]¤T4¡^¡A¥|¦¸©Ò«üªº¡A³£¬O¬Ý±o¨£ªº¥~¦bªº¨Æ¹ê¦Ó«D¬Ý¤£¨£ªº¤º¤ßªº°Ê¾÷¡C°Ê¾÷°ÝÃD¦b±µú¦¤@¥y´£¤Î¡C

 

74 egene{the{men(ingressive aorist)en: cf. Ellicott 19 a; Findlay 39. Best.(Paul 46)»{¬°«Où¦b¤@¨Ç¦a¤è¡uÅãµM¡v¥Î¤F¡u½Ô´Aªº¸Ü¡v¡A¨Ò¦pªL«á¤C4¡A¤K7¡F©««e«á¤ÎµÌ§Qªùªº¶}­º¹ïŪªÌªººÙÆg¡C¦ý³o¬Ýªk­È±o°Óºe¡C

75 kolak(e)ia ¢w from kolax, a flatterer(Robertson, Pictures 4.17).

76 cajolery': cf. Frame 97-98; Neil 39. Donfried('CuIts of Thessalonica" 351)¿×«Où¨ü¨ìªº«ü±±¡A¨ä¤¤¤@¼Ë¬O¥L¨S¦³§i¶D«H®{¥L­Ì¥i¯à·|Ä~Äò¾D¨ü¹G­¢¡A³o¼Ë´N´ÛÄF¤F¥L­Ì¡A¦ý¦¹»¡Ãø»P¤T4ªº¨£ÃÒ¨ó½Õ¡C

77 Cf. MM 352(s.v. kolakia) ,¦blogo{i kolakeisa¦¹¤ù»y¤¤¡Akolakeias¥i¯à¤£¬Osubjective genitive(Lightfoot 23: "the words, which flattery uses'), ¦Ó¬Ogenitive of content¡]Ellicott 19a; Findlay 39: °ÑªL«e¤Q¤G8¡FªL«á¤»7¡^.

 

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¡uÂÃú¦³g¤ß¡v©Î¡uÂÃú¦³g°ýªº©ÀÀY¡v¡]²{¤¤¡^ªº¥t¤@ºØĶªk¬O¡u­É¬G°_³g¤ß¡v©Î¡u°U¬G³g°ý¡v¡]«ä°ª¡^¡C¦³Ãö¦Wµüªº­ì¤å78¦b·s¬ù¥t¥X²{¤­¦¸¡A¤@¦¸¦³¡u°UÃã¡v¡]¬ù¤Q¤­22¡G¡uµL¥i±À½Ó¡v¡^¤§·N¡A¨ä¾l¥|¦¸ªº·N«ä³£¬O¡u°²¸Ë¡v¡]®{¤Ü¤C30¡A²{¤¤¡B·sĶ¡B«ä°ª¡^©Î¡u°²·N¡v¡]µÌ¤@18¡F¥i¤Q¤G40¡F¸ô¤G¤Q47¡^¡C´N¥»¸`¦Ó½×¡A¤W­z²Ä¤GºØĶªkªº·N«ä¦ü¥G¬O§Q¥Î¤@¨Ç¨Æ±¡©Î³õ¦X¡]¡u¬G¡v¡^¥H¹E¨ä³g°ýªº¥Øªº¡A79¦ý²Ä¤@ºØĶªk¥i¯à¸û¬°¥i¨ú¡G´N¦p¸ò«Où¦P²îªº¨º¨Ç¤ô¤â¡u§â¤p²î©ñ¦b®üùØ¡A°²§@­n±q²îÀY©ßÁ㪺¼Ë¤l¡v¡A¨ä¹ê¬O·Q­n°k¥X²î¥h¡]®{¤Ü¤C30¡^¡F¤S¦p«Où´£¨ìªº¤@¨Ç¤H¥H¶Ç´­°ò·þ¬°¦W¡A¥H¼W¥[¦Û¤vªºÁn±æ¬°¹ê¡A¦b¥L­Ì¶ÇÁ¿°ò·þªº¦æ°ÊùØ­±¡AÂÃú¦¤£¯Â¥¿ªº°Ê¾÷¡]µÌ¤@18¡^¡F·Ó¼Ë¡A«Où©M¦P¤u³Q¤H«ü±±¡A»¡¥L­Ì¦V©«¤H¶ÇºÖ­µªº¬¡°ÊÁôÂÃú¦¥L­Ì¯u¥¿ªº°Ê¾÷¡A´N¬O¡u³g¤ß¡v¡C80

³oµüªº­ì¤å\cs1881¦b·s¬ù¥t¥X²{¤E¦¸¡A°£¤F¤@¦¸»P¤¶¨tµü³sú¦§@°Æµü¥Î¡]¥±¥|19¡G¡u³g¦æ¡v¡^¡A¥t¤@¦¸«ö¤å·N­n¨D¦ÓĶ¬°¡u«j±j¡v¡]ªL«á¤E5¡A«ä°ª§@¡u¤p®ð¡v¡^¥~¡A¨ä¾l¬Ò¬°¡u³g°ý¡v©Î¡u³g¤ß¡v¤§·N¡]¥i¤C22¡F¸ô¤Q¤G15¡Fù¤@29¡F¥±¤­3¡F¦è¤T5¡F©¼«á¤G3¡B14¡^¡F¦P¦r®Úªº¨ãÅé¦Wµü¡u³g¤ßªº¤H¡v82¥u¨£©ó«Où®Ñ«H¡]¥|¦¸¡GªL«e¤­10¡B11¡A¤»10¡F¥±¤­5¡^¡C¡u³g°ý¡v¤Î¡u³g°ýªÌ¡v©Ò¯A¤Îªº½d³ò¤ñ¡u³g°]¡v¡]´£«e¤»10¡A­ì¤å¬°©â¶H¦Wµü¡^¤Î¡u³g·R¿ú°]¡v¡]¸ô¤Q¤»14¡F´£«á¤T2¡G­ì¤å¬°§Î®eµü¡A¥i§@¦Wµü¥Î¡^83¸û¼s¡A¦]¬°¡u³g°ý¡v¨ä¹ê«ü¤@ºØ¡u³g±oµL¹½¡AªÉÅU§O¤HªºÅv¯q¡A¥u¨Dº¡¨¬¦Û¤v¡vªº¼¤©À¡F¤@­Ó³g¤ßªº¤H¤£¦ý·Q¾Ö¦³¦h¹L¥L©Ò¨É¦³ªº¡A¦Ó¥B·Q¾Ö¦³¥L©Ò¤£·í¦³ªº¡A¤×¨ä¬O·Q¾Ö¦³§O¤H©Ò¦³ªº¡C84¬G¦¹³g°ýªº¹ï¶H¤£­­©ó¿ú°]¡A¤]¥i¯à¬O¡]Á|¨Ò»¡¡^©Ê¡F¨Æ¹ê¤W¡A¦b¤W¦Cªº¸g¤å¤¤¡A¡u³g°ý¡v©Î¡u³g°ýªÌ¡v¦h¦¸»P©Ê¤è­±ªº´c¨Æ³sú¦¥X²{¡]ªL«e¤­10¡B11¡F¥±¤­3¡B5¡F¦è¤T5¡^¡C

¤£¹L¡A¡u³g¤ß¡v¦b¥»¸`«Ü¥i¯à¹ê¦b¬O«ü³g°]¡A¦p¦b¸ô¥[ºÖ­µ¤Q¤G³¹¤Q¤­¸`¡A¥H¤Î©¼±o«á®Ñ¤G³¹¤T¸`©M¤Q¥|¸`¤@¼Ë¡C«Où­n»é¥¸ªº«ü±±¥i¯à¬O³o¼Ëªº¡G¥L¤@¹J¨ì§xÃø«K±Ë©«¤H¦Ó¥h¡]°Ñ®{¤Q¤C5-10¡^¡A³o´NÃÒ©ú¥L¦b©««°¶Ç¹Dªº°Ê¾÷«Ü¦³°ÝÃD¢w¢w¥L¥u³r¯d¤F¨¬°÷ªº®É¶¡¡A¨Ï¥L¥i¥H±o¨ìµÌ¥ß¤ñ±Ð·|°e¨ÓªºÃJÃØ¡]°ÑµÌ¥|16¡^¡A¥H¤Î±q«H¥Dªº©«¤H¡]¤×¨ä¬O¨º¨Ç¡u´L¶Qªº°ü¤k¡v¡G®{¤Q¤C4¡^¨­¤W¨ú§Q¡AµM«á¥L«K¤@Á\·Ï¦a°k¶]¤F¡I¹ï©ó¬O¶µ«ü±±¡A«Où¥[¥HÄYµü§_»{¡Aªí¥Ü¥L¨Ã¤£¹³·í¥N³\¦h²§±Ðªº«Å±Ð¤h©Î¨µ°jªº­õ¤h»¡«È¨º¼Ë¡A¥H¹Ï§Q¬°¥Øªº¡F85¥LÁÙ¶i¤@¨B©I¨D¯«¬°¥L§@ÃÒ¡C¡u³o¬O¡@¯«¥i¥H§@¨£ÃÒªº¡v¤@¥y¦b­ì¤å¥u¬O¨â­Ó¦r¡A86·N«ä¬O¡u¯«¡e¬O¦¹¨Æªº¡f¨£ÃÒ¤H¡C¡v¡u¨£ÃÒ¤H¡v³oµü¦b·s¬ù¦@¥X²{¤T¤Q¤­¦¸¡A«Où®Ñ«H¦û¤F¤E¦¸¡A¨ä¤¤¤­¦¸«Où©I¨D¯«¬°¥L§@ÃÒ¡]¥»¸`¡B10¸`¡Fù¤E1¡FªL«á¤@23¡FµÌ¤@8¡^¡A¦]¬°¥L¦b¨ä¤¤´£¤Îªº³£¬O¤@¨ÇÁôÂ꺦æ°Ê©Î°Ê¾÷¡A¬OŪªÌ¥»¨­«ÜÃøª¾¹Dªº¡]²Ä¤Q¸`¦P®É¥H¯«©MŪªÌ¬°¨£ÃÒ¤H¡A¦¹ÂI¨£¸Ó³BµùÄÀ¡^¡C«Où¦b¤W¥b¸`»¡¡A¡u³o¬O§A­Ìª¾¹Dªº¡v¡A¦b¤U¥b¸`«h»¡¡A¡u³o¬O¡@¯«¥i¥H§@¨£ÃÒªº¡v¡A³o¤À§O³Ì¥i¯àªº­ì¦]¡A´N¬O«Où©M¦P¤u¦³§_¥Î½Ô´Aªº¸Ü¡A©«¤H¥»¨­²M·¡ª¾¹D¡A¦ý¥L­Ì¶Ç¹D¬¡°Êªº­I«á¬O§_ÂÃú¦³g¤ß¡A«h¤£¬O¨º»ò®e©ö¬Ý¥X¨Ó¡F¦]¦¹«Où¦V¯«©IÆ~ªº¥Î·N¡A´N¬O­nªí©ú¥L©M¦P¤u±q¨Ó¨S¦³§Q¥Î©«¤H¨Ó¤¤¹¡¨pÅn©Î¹F¦¨¥ô¦ó¦Û¨pªº¥Øªº¡]°ÑªL«á¤C2¡A¤Q¤G17¡B18¡F®{¤G¤Q33¡^¡C87´«¨¥¤§¡A¥L­Ì¶Ç¹Dªº°Ê¾÷¬O¯Â¼äªº¡]¦^À³¤T¸`¤¤¡u¤£¬O¥X©ó¦Ã©¡v¡^¡A´N¦p¥L­Ì©Ò¥Îªº¤èªk¨ÃµL¸Þ¶Bªº¦¨¥÷¦b¤º¡C

 

78 prophasis.

79 Cf.Calvin 343: 'occasion of covetousness' ¡× 'a snare to trap them'.

80 §Yprophasei pleonexias ¡× 'pretext of covetousness'. «ö¦¹¸ÑÄÀ¡Apleonexias¥i¯à¤£¬O subjective genitive(Lightfoot 23: 'the pretext of which avarice avails itself')¦Ó¬O¡Gobjective genitive(Ellicott 19b: defining that which the prophasis 'was intended to mask and conceal').

81 pleonexia.

82 pleonekte{s.

83 ¤G¦r­ì¤å¤À§O¬°¡Gphilargyria, philargyros.

84 Cf. Findlay 39; Bruce 30.

85 cf. G. Delling, TDNT VI 273, TDNTA 865; J. Schneider, TDNT III 818

86 theos martys.

87 Cf. Cranfield, '1 Thessalonians 2' 222.

 

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«ö­ì¤åªº¦¸§Ç¡A¥»¸`¥u¦³³o¤@¥y¡]°Ñ²{¤¤¡B·sĶ¡B«ä°ª¡^¡C¸û¶Kªñ­ì¤åµ²ºcªºÄ¶ªk¬O¡G¡u¤]¨S¦³¦V¤H¨DºaÄ£¡G¨S¦³¦V§A­Ì¡A¤]¨S¦³¦V§O¤H¡v¡]°Ñ«ä°ª¡^¡C88¡uºaÄ£¡v¤@µüªº­ì¤å¦b·s¬ù¦@¥X²{¤@¦Ê¤»¤Q¤»¦¸¡A´X¥G¥b¼Æ¦b«Où®Ñ«H¡]¤C¤Q¤C¦¸¡^¡A¥]¬A¥»®Ñ¤T¦¸¡]¥»¸`¡B12¸`¡B20¸`¡^¤Î«á®Ñ¨â¦¸¡]¤@9¡A¤G14¡^¡F¥»¸`ªº¡u¥úºa¡v¡]«ä°ª¡^«ü¤Hªº¡uºaÅA¡v¡]·sĶ¡^¡A¥]¬A¡uºÙÆg¡v¡]²{¤¤¡^©M¤U¤å´£¤Îªº¡u´L­«¡v¡C¡u¨D¡v¦r­ì¤å¦b·s¬ù¦@¥Î¤F¤@¦Ê¤@¤Q¤C¦¸¡A«Où®Ñ«H¦û¤F¤G¤Q¦¸¡C³o¦r¦b«Oùªº¥Îªkùئ³®É«ü´M§ä¤@­Ó¤H¡]´£«á¤@17¡^¡A´M¯Á¤@­Ó¤Hªº©Ê©R¡]§Y¬O­n±þ¥L¡Gù¤Q¤@3¡^¡A´M¨D¤@ºØ¯S§Oªº±B«Ãª¬ªp¡]ªL«e¤C27¡A¨â¦¸¡^¡B¤@ºØÄÝÆF®¦½ç¡]ªL«e¤Q¥|12¡^©Î¤@¶µÃÒ¾Ú¡]ªL«á¤Q¤T3¡^¡C¦ý¸û¦hªº®É­Ô¡A¡u¨D¡v¦r©Ò´y¼gªº¬O¡u¤Hªº·N§Ó©Ò±Ä¨M©w©Êªº¤è¦V¡v¡A89¦Ó³o¤è¦V¬O¦n¬O¤ï¡AºÝ¿à©ó©Ò´M¨Dªº¹ï¶H©Î°l¨Dªº¥Ø¼Ð¬O¥¿½T¥i¹Åªº§í©Î¬O¿ù»~©Î¥i»Àªº¡GÄÝ©ó«e¤@Ãþªº¬O´M§ä¯«¡]ù¤Q20¡^¡A´M¨D¦b°ò·þùغٸq¡]¥[¤G17¡^¡A´M¨D¤W­±ªº¨Æ¡]¦è¤T1¡^¡A°l¨D§@©¾¤ßªººÞ®a¡]ªL«e¥|2¡^¡A´M¨D¬°°ò·þ±o¤H¡]ªL«á¤Q¤G14¡G¡u§Ú©Ò¨Dªº¬O§A­Ì¡v¡^¡FÄÝ©ó«á¤@Ãþªº¬O°l¨D¥H¤H¬°¥»¡B»P¯«¬°¼Äªº¡u´¼¼z¡v¡]ªL«e¤@22¡^¡A´M¨D«Ø¥ß¡u¦Û¤vªº¸q¡v¡]ù¤Q3¡^¡A´M¨D¦Û¤vªº§Q¯q¡]ªL«e¤Q24¡B33¡A¤Q¤T5¡FªL«á¤Q¤G14¡e¡u§A­Ìªº°]ª«¡v¡f¡FµÌ¤G21¡^¡A°l¨D¨ú®®©ó¤H¡]¥[¤@10¡^¡A¥H¤Î¥»¸`©Ò»¡ªº¦V¤H¨DºaÄ£¡C90

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¡u¦V¤H¡vÅ¢²Î¦aªí¹F¤F«Où©M¦P¤u¨S¦³°l¨DªººaÄ£ªº©Ê½è¤Î¨Ó·½¢w¢w¨º¬O¤@ºØ±q¤H¨ÓªººaÄ£¡F¡u¦V§A­Ì©Î¦V§O¤H¡v«h§ó¨ãÅé©ú½T¦a«ü¥X³oºØºaÄ£¨â­Ó¥i¯àªº¨Ó·½¢w¢w¡]¥Ò¡^©«¤H¡A¥H¤Î¡]¤A¡^©««°°ò·þ®{°é¤l¥H¥~ªº¤H¡A©Î¨ä¥L¦a¤èªº°ò·þ®{¡]°Ñ¤@7-8¡^¡A©Î©«¤H¥H¥~ªº¥ô¦ó¤H¡]³o­Ó·N«ä³Ì¥i¯à¡^¡C91³oºØÂù­«©Î¤T­«ªºªí¹Fªk±j½Õ¤F«Où­nÁn©úªº¨Æ¹ê¢w¢w¥L­Ì±q¨Ó¨S¦³¦V¥ô¦ó¤H¨D¨úºaÄ£¡C¥L­Ì±R°ªªº¨­¥÷¨Ï¥L­Ì³oºØ¦Û¬ùªº¦æ¬°Åã±o§ó¬°¥i¶Q¡C

 

88 ¡u¨D¡v¦r¦b­ì¤å¬O­Ó¤Àµü¡A¦b¤åªk¤W¬OªþÄÝ©ó²Ä¥|¸`ªº°Êµü¡u¥Î¡v¦r¡]¨£¸Ó³BµùÄÀ¡^¡C´«¥y¸Ü»¡¡A³o°Êµü¡u¤ä°t¡vú¦¤T­Ó¤ù»y¡Gegene{the{men en logoi kolakeias(5a)......en prophasei plenonexias(5b)......ze{tountes ex anthro{po{n doxan(6a)

89 'the decisive direction of the human will'(H.-G. Link, NIDNTT III 532).

90 »Pze{te{o¦P¦r®Úªº½Æ¦X°Êµüepize{te{o¦b«Où®Ñ«H¥Î¤F¤T¦¸¡A¦P¼ËÅã¥Ü¤F¨âºØ¤£¦Pªº¹ï¶H¡G¦nªº¡]µÌ¥|17¤U¡^©MÃaªº¡]ù¤Q¤@7¡FµÌ¥|17¤W¡^¡C°Ñ¶¾¡G¡uµÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ¡v 484¤Îµù106.

91 Moore 37.­ì¤å¥Î¤F¨â­Ó¤£¦Pªº¤¶¨tµü(ex anthro{po{n......aph' hymo{n......ap' allo{n)¡A¦ý¦b·N«ä¤W¨ÃµL¤À§O(Zerwick 87; MHT 3.259; M.J. Harris, NIDNTT III 1174, 1176).¤ñ¸û¤Ó¤T16¤Î¥i¤@10(apo tou hydatos, ek tou hydatos)¡Fù¤G29¤ÎªL«e¥|5(ek tou theou, apo tou theou)

 

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¡]¤T¡^¥»¥y¦P®É¥]¬A¤W­z¨â¤è­±ªº·N«ä¡A§Y¬O¤@¤è­±¹B¥Î¨Ï®{ªºÅv¬`¡]¥s¤H´L­«¡^¡A¥t¤@¤è­±±µ¨ü«H®{ªº¨Ñ©^¡C³o¼Ë¡A¥»¸`¦P®Éºî¦X¨Ã¦^À³¤F¤W¤å¡uÂÃú¦³g¤ß¡v©M¡u¦V¤H¨DºaÄ£¡v¨â­Ó·N«ä¡A¦¹¤GªÌ´N¬O´M¨D¤@¤v¤§§Q¯qªºÂù­«ªí²{¡C108³¡¥÷ÄÀ¸gªÌ»{¬°¦¹¤GªÌ¤§¶¡¦³»´­«¤§¤À¡G¦³»{¬°¥»¥yªº­«ÂI¬O¦b¸gÀÙ­t²Öªº·N«ä¤W¡A¥ç¦³»{¬°­«ÂI¬O¦bÅv¬`ªº·N«ä¤W¡A¸gÀÙ­t²Öªº·N«ä¥uÄݦ¸­n¡A¦b²Ä¤E¸`¤~²M·¡ªí¹F¥X¨Ó¡C109³o²Ä¤TºØ¸ÑÄÀªº§xÃø¡A´N¬O­ì¤å²Ä¤­¦Ü¤C¸`¤W¥b¸`ªº³y¥yªk¡A²M·¡¦aªí©ú¤F¤T­Ó¿W¥ß©M¤À¶}¨Ó¡]ÁöµM¨Ã«D¤¬¤£¬ÛÃö¡^ªº·N«ä¡G

¡]¥Ò¡^§Ú­Ì±q¨Ó¨S¦³¥Î¹L½Ô´Aªº¸Ü¡A

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¡]¤A¡^¤]±q¨Ó¨S¦³ÂÃú¦³g¤ß¡A

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¡]¤þ¡^¤]±q¨Ó¨S¦³¦V¥ô¦ó¤H¨DºaÄ£¡A

ÁöµM§Ú­Ì¦³Åv­n¨D§A­Ìªº´L­«¡C

¦]¦¹¡u´L­«¡v­ì¤åªº·N«ä¡A¥i±q¡]¤þ¡^³¡¬Ý¥X¨Ó¡A¦Ó¤£¥²¥ç¤£©y­É§U©ó¡]¤A¡^³¡¨Ó¸ÑÄÀ¡]­Y¥i¦P®É­É§U©ó¡e¤A¡f³¡©M¡e¥Ò¡f³¡¨Ó¸ÑÄÀ¡A±¡§Î«K²¤¬°¤£¦P¡^¡Fªp¥B¡u¸gÀÙ­t²Ö¡vªº«ä·Q·|¦b²Ä¤E¸`²M·¡ªí¹F¥X¨Ó¡A¸Ó³B©Ò¥Îªº¤S¬O¥t¤@­Ó¦r¡]¾¨ºÞ¬O¦P¦r®Úªº¡^¡A¬G¦¹¤£©y¬Ý¬°¦­¤w¥]§t¦b¡u´L­«¡v¤@µü¤§¤º¡C

Á`¬A¨Ó»¡¡A¤W­z¤TºØ¸ÑÄÀ¤§¤¤¡A²Ä¤GºØ³Ì¬°¦X²z¡G¡u¥i¥H¥s¤H´L­«¡v­ì¤åªº·N«ä¡A´N¬O¥i¥H§Q¥Î¨Ï®{©Ò¨É¦³ªº¡B¦³¡u¥÷¶q¡v©MÅv¬`ªº¦a¦ì¨Óµo¸¹¬I¥O¡A¨Ó­n¨D«H®{ªº¡u´L±R©M¡K¡K·RÀ¹¡v¡]·í¸t¡^¡C¡u´L­«¡v¤@µü¥»¨­¨Ã¤£§t¸gÀÙ¤ä«ùªº·N«ä¡C¤£¹L¡A·í«Où¼g³o¥y¸Ü®É¡A¥i¯à¤ß¤¤¤w¦³±Ð·|ªº¸gÀÙ­t¾á³o­Ó«ä·Q¡A³o«ä·Q¨ì¤F²Ä¤E¸`¤~ªí©ú¥X¨Ó¡C110

 

92 dynamenoi ¡× concessive participle.

93 Cf. NIV.

94 Moffatt 27 a:'To put a full-stop after allo{n, and begin a new sentence with dynamenoi, introduces an awkward asyndeton, makes alla follow a concessive participle very awkwardly, and is unnecessary for the sense.'³o¸Ü¯u¬O¤@»y¤¤ªº¡C

95 apostolos.

96 Cf. Barrett, Signs 46-47

97 ¦]¦¹¡AH.C. Kee(IDB IV 650b)»{¬°©««e¤G7¡]­ì¤å¡^ªº§t·N¬O«Où±N´£¼¯¤Ó¦C¬°¨Ï®{¡A³o¬Ýªk¥²¶·­«·s°Óºe¡CBest 100ªº¸ÑÄÀ¤]¬OÃø¥H¥O¤Hº¡·N¡C

98 E.g. Schnackenburg, 'Apostles' 294-295; Bruce II 1157a¡]§@ªÌ²{¤w©ñ±ó¦¹¬Ýªk¡A¨£¤U¤@­Óµù¡^¡C

99 Marshall 69-70(with reference to W. Schmithals). Cf. Ladd, Theology 380¡]¡u¨Ï®{¡v¥i¯à¥]¬A¦è©Ô¡^¡CBruce 31«h§â½Æ¼Æªº¡u¨Ï®{¡v¬Ý¬°¦³Å¢²Î©Êªº·N«ä¡G¦è©Ô©M´£¼¯¤Ó¦]°Ñ»P«Oùªº¨Ï®{¾¨Æ¡A¬G¦¹³QºÙ¬°¡u¨Ï®{¡v¡C

100 en barei einai ¡×'to be in(a position of) weight'(Frame 99) or 'to be burdensome'(Idiom 78).

101 baros.

102 barys.

103 bareomai.

104 epibareo{.

105 katabareo{ . ¦b¦P¤@¬q¸g¤åùØ­±¡A«OùÁ٥ΤF¥t¤@­Ó¤£¦P¦r®Úªº½Æ¦X°Êµükatanarkao¨Ó«ü¸gÀÙ¤Wªº­t²Ö¡]ªL«á¤Q¤G13¡B14¡^¡F³o¦r¦b·s¬ù¥X²{°ß¤@ªº¥t¤@¦¸¡]ªL«á¤Q¤@9¡^¡A¤]¬O¦b¦P®Ñªº¦P¤@³¡¥÷¤§¤º¡]¤Q¦Ü¤Q¤T³¹¡^¡C

106 Moore 37. Cf. Bruce 30-31.

107 Ellicott 20b; Frame 99; Henneken 15-16. Cf. Calvin 343; Neil 39; G. Schrenk, TDNT I 556, TDNTA 96; W. Mundle, NIDNTT I 261.

108 Lightfoot 24; Findlay 40; Moffatt 27 a. Cf. Whiteley 42; Schmithals, Paul 148-149.

109 ¤À§O¨£: Morris II 76; Best 100-101.

110 Marshall 68-69; Ellingworth-Nida 29.

 

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¡u¦s¤ß·Å¬X¡v¡B¡u¬OÁ¾©Mªº¡v¡]·sĶ¡^©Î¡u¦¨¤F·O²»ªº¡v¡]«ä°ª¡^µ¥Ä¶ªk¡A³£°²©w¤F­ì¤å©Ò¥Îªº½T¬O§Î®eµü¡u·Å¬X¡v¡C113¥i¬O±q§Û¥»ªºÃҾڨӬݡA¥t¤@­Ó¦r¢w¢w¡uÀ¦«Ä¡v114¢w¢w¦³¸û±jªº¥~ÃÒ¤ä«ù¡F°ò©ó¦¹ÂI¡A¤£¤ÖÄÀ¸gªÌ±Ä¯Ç¡uÀ¦«Ä¡v¬°¥¿½Tªº»¡ªk¡C115¨â­Óµü¦b­ì¤åªº«÷ªk¥u¬O¤@­Ó¦r¥Àªº¤À§O¡A¦Ó³o¦r¥À´N¬O¡u¦¨¤F¡v©Î¡u¬O¡v¦r³Ì«á¨º­Ó¦r¥À¡F¦]¦¹¡A­Y­ì¨Óªº»¡ªk¬O¡uÀ¦«Ä¡v¡A¥t¥~¨º­Ó»¡ªk´N¬O¦]§ÛªÌ¼g¤Ö¤F¤@¦¸¨º­Ó¦r¥À¦Ó¤Þ°_ªº¡A¦ý­Y­ì¨Óªº»¡ªk¬O¡u·Å¬X¡v¡A¥t¥~¨º­Ó»¡ªk´N¬O¦]§ÛªÌ¦h¼g¤F¨º­Ó¦r¥À¤@¦¸¦Ó²£¥Íªº¡C116Ų©ó¡uÀ¦«Ä¡v¤@µüªº­ì¤å¦b¨ä¥Lªº«Où®Ñ«H¦@¥Î¤F¤Q¦¸¡]ù¤G20¡FªL«e¤T1¡A¤Q¤T11¡e¤­¦¸¡f¡F¥[¥|1¡B3¡F¥±¥|14¡^¡A¦b·s¬ù¨ä¥L®Ñ¨÷¥Î¤F¥|¦¸¡]¤Ó¤Q¤@25¡A¤Ü¤@16¡F¸ô¤Q21¡F¨Ó¤­13¡^¡A¦Ó¡u·Å¬X¡v¤@µüªº­ì¤å«h¥u¨£©ó´£¼¯¤Ó«á®Ñ¤G³¹¤G¤Q¥|¸`¡A§ÛªÌ±N¨u¥Îªº¡u·Å¬X¡v¤@µü»~§Û¦¨¸û±`¥Îªº¡uÀ¦«Ä¡v¡A¤ñ¬Û¤Ïªº±¡§Î¸û¬°¥i¯à¡C´«¨¥¤§¡A§Û¼g¤è­±ªº¥i¯à©Ê¸û¦h¤ä«ù¡u·Å¬X¡v¬°­ì¨Óªº»¡ªk¡C

±q¤å²zªº¨¤«×¨Ó»¡¡A¤@¨Ç¤ä«ù¡uÀ¦«Ä¡v¬°­ì¤åªºÄÀ¸gªÌ»{¬°¡G¡]¤@¡^¬°­n»P¡u¨Ï®{¡vºc¦¨¹ï¤ñ¡A¨Ã»P¡u¦b§A­Ì¤¤¶¡¡v°t¦X¡A§Ú­Ì»Ý­n¤@­Ó¦Wµü¦Ó¤£¬O§Î®eµü¡F¡]¤G¡^¡uÀ¦«Ä¡v§t¦³¤£¦¨¼ô©M¥¼µo¨|¤§·N¡A¥¿¦n»P¡u¨Ï®{¡vºc¦¨·¥¨Îªº¹ï·Ó¡F¡]¤T¡^¡uÀ¦«Ä¡v³o»¡ªk¡A¸ò«Où¦b¥»®Ñ¤Î«á®Ñ¹ïŪªÌ©Òªí²{ªººA«×¡]¥L¬O¥L­Ì¤¤¶¡ªº¤@­û¡^«D±`¨ó½Õ¡F¡]¥|¡^«Où¦Û³ë¬°¡uÀ¦«Ä¡v¬O­Ó¤jÁxªº¹Ï¶H¡A¦ý¡u·Å¬X¡v«h¬O¥­¶¶©M¥F¨ýªº§Î®eµü¡F¡]¤­¡^«Où¬°¡uÀ¦«Ä¡v»P¤U¤å«Où¬°¡u¥À¿Ë¡vªºÁ¿ªk¨Ã¦C¡A³o¬O´IÀ¸¼@©Êªº¡A¨Ã¥B±N«Où¤Î©«¤H¤§¶¡¡u®a®x©Ê¡vªº³sôÀ¸¼@¤Æ¦aªí¹F¥X¨Ó¡C117¥i¬O¡A°w¹ï¤W­±²Ä¤@¡B¤GÂI¡A§Ú­ÌÀ³¯d·N¤W¤@¥yªº­«ÂI¨Ã¤£¦b¡u§@°ò·þªº¨Ï®{¡v¡A¦Ó¬O¦b¡u¥s¤H´L­«¡v¡A¦]¦¹¥u¦³¡u·Å¬X¡v¤~¬O¾A¦Xªº¤ñ¹ïµü¡A¡uÀ¦«Ä¡v«h¤£¬O¨º»ò¾A¦X¡C¦¹¥~¡A¤ä«ù¡u·Å¬X¡v¬°­ì¤åªºÄÀ¸gªÌ«ü¥X¡G¡]¤@¡^¡uÀ¦«Ä¡v¦b«Oùªº¥Îªkùسq±`¦³¤£¦nªº·N«ä¡]ªL«e¤T1¡A¤Q¤T11¡F¥[¥|3¡F¥±¥|14¡^¡A¾¨ºÞ¦P¦r®Úªº°Êµü118¡]¦b·s¬ù¥u¥Î¤F¤@¦¸¡^¦³¦nªº·N«ä¡]ªL«e¤Q¥|20¡^¡F¡]¤G¡^ÁöµM«Où¦³®É¤£¤¶·N¬ðµM§ï´«¥L©Ò¥Îªº¹Ï¶H¡]°Ñ¥[¥|19¡^¡A¥i¬O¥L¥ý±N¦Û¤v³ë¬°À¦«Ä¡AÀH§Y§ï³ë¬°¨Å¾i¦Û¤v«Ä¤lªº¥À¿Ë¡A³o­Ó§ïÅܬOÃø¥H¥O¤H¸m«Hªº¡A¤×¨ä¦]¬°«Où¦b¥»¬q·|¥ý«á¤ñ³ë¦Û¤v¬°¥À¿Ë¡]¥»¸`¡^¤Î¤÷¿Ë¡]11¸`¡^¡A­Y¬O¥L¤S§â¦Û¤v³ë¬°À¦«Ä¡A·|¯}Ãa¥»¬qªº¦X¤@©Ê¡F¡]¤T¡^¡u·Å¬X¡v«h»P¤U¤@¥yªº·N¹Ò«D±`§k¦X¡F¡]¥|¡^«Où¦b¨ä¥L¦a¤è¤]¬O§â¦Û¤v©M«H®{ªºÃö«Y³ë¬°¤÷¿Ë©M¤l¤kªºÃö«Y¡]ªL«e¥|14-15¡FªL«á¤»13¡F°Ñ¥[¥|19¡A·sĶ¡G¡u§Úªº«Ä¤l­Ì¡v¡^¡A¦]¦¹¥L¦b¥»¥y§â¦Û¤v´y¼g¬°·Å¬Xªº¥À¿Ë¡A¤ñ¦Û³ë¬°À¦«Äªº¥i¯à©Ê¤j±o¦h¡C119

Á`¬A¤W¨â¬qªº°Q½×¡A¤£½×§Û¼g¤è­±ªº¥i¯à©Ê¡A©Î¤å²z©M·N«ä¤è­±ªº¦Ò¼{¡A³£¤ä«ù¡u·Å¬X¡v¬O­ì¨Óªº»¡ªk¡F³o¤]¬O¦h¼ÆÄÀ¸gªÌ©M¥D­nªº­^Ķ¥»©Ò±Ä¯Çªº»¡ªk¡C120¡u·Å¬X¡v¬J»P¡u¥s¤H´L­«¡v¬Û¹ï¡A¨ä¥D­n·N«ä´N¬O¤£¥ÎÅv¬`¡A¤£Â\¬[¤l¡C¡u¦b§A­Ì¤¤¶¡¡vªº­ì¤å¤ù»y¨Ã¤£¬O¤­³¹¤Q¤G¸`©Ò¥ÎªºÂ²³æµ²ºc¡A121¦Ó¬O¦h¤@­Ó¦rªº¡u¦b§A­Ìªº¡y¤¤¶¡¡z¡v¡C122¦³¨ÇÄÀ¸gªÌ»{¬°¡A³oºØ¥yªk¶¡±µ¦a´£¥Ü¤F¡u«Où¥H¥L­Ì¤§¤¤¤@¥÷¤lªº¥­µ¥¨­¥÷¦b¥L­Ì¤¤¶¡¡v¤§·N¡F123¦ý³oºØµ²ºc¦b·s¬ù¥X²{¤Q¦h¦¸¡A¤j¦h¼Æ¨S¦³³oºØ§t·N¡]¤Ó¤Q¥|6¡A¤Q¤K2¡B20¡F¥i¤E36¡F¸ô¤K7¡A¤Ü¥|36¡F®{¤G22¡^¡A¦³´X¦¸®Ú¥»¤£¥i¯à¦³³oºØ§t·N¡]¤Ó¤Q16¡×¸ô¤Q3¡F¸ô¤G46¡^¡A¥u¦³¤@¨â¦¸¤]³\¥i¸Ñ¬°¦³³oºØ§t·N¡]®{¤@15¡A¤Ü¤C21¡^¡A¦ýµ´¹ï¤£¯àªÖ©w¡C©M¥»¸`³Ì¬Û¦üªº¬O¸ô¥[ºÖ­µ¤G¤Q¤G³¹¤G¤Q¤C¸`¡A¦ý¦b¸Ó³B¡Aªí©ú­C¿q¬Oªù®{¤¤¤@¥÷¤l³o«ä·Qªº¡]­Y³o«ä·Q¦s¦bªº¸Ü¡^¡A¤´µM¤£¬O¡u¦b§A­Ì¤¤¶¡¡v¤@»y¡A¦Ó¬O¡u¦p¦PªA¨Æ¤Hªº¡v¨º¥y¸Ü¡CŲ©ó³o­Ó¨Æ¹ê¡A¥»¸`ªº¡u¦b§A­Ì¤¤¶¡¡v¤£©y§@¯S§O¸ÑÄÀ¡A¨ä·N«ä¯Âºé¬O¡u¦b§A­Ì·í¤¤¡v¡C

 

111 alla.

112 ¤T¦¸¦b­ì¤å³£¥Î¤Fgar......alla³oºØ¥yªk¡]«eªÌ¦b1¡B3¡B5¸`¡A«áªÌ¦b2¡B4¡B7¸`¡^¡C

113 e{pioi¡]³æ¼Æ ¡× e{pios¡^.

114 ne{pioi¡]³æ¼Æ ¡× ne{pios¡^.

115 E.g.¡GMetzger 629-630(majority of the Committee); Lightfoot 24; Robertson, Pictures 4.18; F.W. Beare, IDB IV 625 a; Patte, Paul's Faith 141, 375 n.11.

116 I.e., ege{ne{the{men e{pioi could be a case of haplography, whereas egene{the{men ne{pioi could be a case of dittography.

117 Frame 100; Morris II 77-78; Malbon, 'Structural Exegesis' 315. C. Crawford(as reported in NTA ¡±18 [1974]-598)«Øij±N¡uÀ¦«Ä¡vµø¬°©I®æ¡A¾ã¥yĶ¦¨¡G¡u¦ý¬O¡A«Ä¤l­Ì°Ú¡A§Ú­Ì¦b§A­Ì¤¤¶¡¡A¹³¥À¿Ë·ÓÅU¦Û¤vªº«Ä¤l¡C¡v¦ý¡uÀ¦«Ä¡v¥i§_Ķ¦¨¡u«Ä¤l¡v¡A¬O»á¨ãºÃ°Ýªº¡C

118 ne{piazo{.

119 Metzger 630(minority opinion); Moore 38; Moffatt 27; Neil 40; Ellingworth-Nida 30; Best 101; Marshall 70. Moore 38¤S«ü¥X¡A­ì¤å¨º­Ó¦r¥i«ü¤÷¿Ëªº¡u·O²»¡v¡]«ä°ª¡^¡A¦]¦¹¥L»{¬°¥»¥y¹w§i¤F²Ä¤Q¤@¸`ªº«ä·Q¡C¦ý¦¹»¡­È±oÃhºÃ¡A¦]¥»¸`©ú»¡«Où¹³­Ó·Å¬Xªº¥À¿Ë¡]¡u·O¥À¡v¡^¡A²Ä¤Q¤@¸`¤~´y¼g«Où¬°¤÷¿Ë¡C

120 Cf. AV, RV, RSV, NEB, NASB, NIV; Ellicott 21a; Denney 327b; Whiteley 43; Hendriksen 64 n.48; Bruce 31; G. Bertram, TDNT IV 919; G. Braumann, NIDNTT I 282.

121 en hymin¡]°Ñ¤@5¡A¤G13¡^¡C

122 en meso{i hymon.

123 Ellicott 21 b; Lightfoot 25; Morris II 78.

 

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Ķ¬°¡u¥À¿Ë¡vªº§Æþ¦r¦b·s¬ù¥u¥X²{³o¤@¦¸¡F³o¦r¦b»Z¯ó¯È¤åÄm¤¤ªº·N«ä¬O¡u«O©i¡v©Î¡u¨Å®Q¡v¡AÁöµM¦³¤@¦¸¨ä·N«ä¬O¡u¥À¿Ë¡v¡C124¤¤Ä¶¥»§â³o¦rĶ¬°¡u¥À¿Ë¡v¡A¤j·§¬OŲ©ó¤U¤å´£¤Î¡u¦Û¤vªº«Ä¤l¡v¡F¦ý«Où¥Î¡u«O©i¡v¦Ó¤£¥Î¡u¥À¿Ë¡v¡A¤]³\¬O¬°­n±j½Õ·R¤ßªº·ÓÅU¤§·N¡C¡u¨Å¾i¡vªº­ì¤å125¦b·s¬ù¥u¥X²{¥t¤@¦¸¡]¥±¤­29¡^¡A¦b¸Ó³B»P¡u«O¾i¡v³sú¦¥Î¡A«ü¤@­Ó¤H¡uÅU±¤¡v©Î¡u·ÓÅU¡v¡]²{¤¤¡^¦Û¤vªº¨­Åé¡C³o¦r¦b¥Ó©R°O¤G¤Q¤G³¹¤»¸`¡]¤C¤Q¤hĶ¥»¡^¥Î¨Ó«ü¥À³¾¡u¥ñ¦b¡vÂú¤W©Î¦b³J¤W¡]«ä°ª¡G¡u¥ñÂú©Î¹å§Z¡v¡^¡F¦b³o¥Îªkªº´£¥Ü¤U¡A¥»¸`ªº¡u·ÓÅU¡v¡]²{¤¤¡^©Î¡u¼¾¨|¡v¡]«ä°ª¡B·í¸t¡^´y¼g¥À¿Ë§â«Ä¤l©ê¦bÃhùØ¡A¹ï¥L­Ì¼¾·R¨þÅ@¡A¨Ï¥L­Ì·P¨ì·Å·x©M¦w¥þ¡C¡u¦Û¤vªº¡v¤@µü±j½Õ¤F³o«O©i¹ï«Ä¤lªº¼¾¨|¬O·Å¬X©M²Ó½oªº¡F¥À¿Ë¨Å¾i¦Û¤vªº«Ä¤l¬O¥À·Rªº¼Ð½o¡C126¥»¥y­ì¤å¦b¡u¦p¦P¡v©M¡u¥À¿Ë¨Å¾i¡v¤§¶¡¦³¤@¤p¦r¡A127ªí¥Ü©Ò´y¼gªº¤£¬O¯S§O¬Y¤@¦¸ªº¦æ°Ê¡A¦Ó¬O¥ô¦ó®É­Ô³£¥i¯à¨£¨ìªº¨Æ¢w¢w´N¬O»¡¡AµL½×¦ó®É¦³¤H¬Ý¨£¥À¿Ë¦p¦ó·RÅU¦Û¤vªº«Ä¤l¡A«Où¤]¦p¦ó·RÅU©«¤H¡C

¤@¨ÇÄÀ¸gªÌ»{¬°¡A¥»¥y¶}­ºªº¡u´N¹³¡v¤@µü¡A¸ò¤U¤@¥yªº¡u³o¼Ë¡v«e«á©IÀ³¡A128¦]¦¹¥»¥yÀ³¬Ý¬°·s¥y¤lªº¶}©l¡A¾ã­Ó·N«ä§Y¬O¡G¡u´N¦p¥À¿Ë¨Å¾i¦Û¤vªº«Ä¤l¡A·Ó¼Ë¡A§Ú­Ì¡K¡K¤]Ä@·N³s¦Û¤vªº©Ê©R³£µ¹§A­Ì¡C¡v129¥i¬O¡A­Y¬O³o¼Ë¡A¤W¤@¥y¡]¡u¦ý§Ú­Ì¦b§A­Ì¤¤¶¡¬O·Å¬Xªº¡v¡^«Kµ²§ô±o¤Ó¹L¬ðµM¡A¥B¦bªø«×¤W»P©Ò¹ïÀ³¦Ó»¡ªº¸Ü¡]6-7a¸`¡^®t¶Z»á¤j¡F¦]¦¹¡A¥»¥y¸û©y¬Ý¬°©µÄò¤W¤@¥yªº·N«ä¡A¸ÑÄÀ¤F«Où©M¦P¤u¦b©«¤H¤¤¶¡¬O«ç¼Ë¡u·Å¬X¦a«Ý¡v¥L­Ì¡]²{¤¤¡^¡A²Ä¤K¸`«h¥H¡u³o¼Ë¡v¦^À³¤W¤@¥yªº¡u´N¹³¡v¬°°ò¦¡A¶i¤@¨Bµo´§¤W¤@¥yùØ­±¡u·R¡vªº«ä·Q¡A¬G¥H²Ä¤K¸`­º¥y¬°·s¥y¤lªº¶}©l¡]¦p¦b©M¦X¡B·sĶ¡B²{¤¤¡B«ä°ª¡B·í¸t¤Î¥D­nªº­^Ķ¥»130¨º¼Ë¡^¸û¬°¥¿½T¡C

 

124 MM 643(s.v. trophos).

125 thalp{o.

126 Cf. Malherbe, 'Exhortation' 242 with n.23. Best(Paul 32)«ü¥X¡A«Où¦b¥Lªº®Ñ«H¤¤¨â¦¸²M·¡¦a¤ñ³ë¦Û¤v¬°«H®{ªº¥À¿Ë®É¡]©««e¤G7¡F¥[¥|19¡F°ÑªL«e¤T1-2¡^¡A³£»P¥L­ÌªºÂk¥D¤Î°ò·þ®{¥Í©Rªºªì´Á¦³Ãö¡C³o»P·í¥N°ü¤k¦b®a®x¤¤ªº¨¤¦â³q±`¥u¬O»P¸û¦~¥®ªº¤l¤k¦³Ãö¦¹¤@¨Æ¹ê¤¬¬Û¨ó½Õ¡C°Ñ¤U­±µù196¡C

127 ean.

128 ho{s......houto{s.

129 Cf. Best 101; Marshall 70; Malbon, 'Structural Exegesis' 315.

130 AV, RV, RSV, NEB, NASB, NIV. Cf. Metzger 630(minority opinion).

 

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«ö­ì¤åªºµ²ºc¡A°Êµü¥u¥Î¤F¤@¦¸¡A»«µü«h¥Ñ¨â³¡¥÷²Õ¦¨¡A¦p¤U¡G¡u§Ú­Ì¼Ö·N¸ò§A­Ì¤À¨É¢w¢w¤£¦ý¡e¤À¨É¡f¯«ªººÖ­µ¡A¦Ó¥B¡e¤À¨É¡f§Ú­Ì¦Û¤v¡C¡v²{¥N¤¤¤åĶ¥»¡]r¤£¦ýÄ@·N¸ò§A­Ì¤À¨É¡D¡D¡D¡D¡L¤]Ä@·NÖí§A­Ì¡v¡^©M·í¥N¸t¸g¡]¡u¶Çµ¹§A­Ì¡K¡K¬°§A­ÌÄ묹©Ê©R¡v¡^ªºÄ¶ªk¡A¤Ï¬M¤F¤@¨ÇÄÀ¸gªÌªº·N¨£¡A138§Y¬O»{¬°¡u¯«ªººÖ­µ¡v¥u¬O¡u¤À¨É¡vªº»«µü¡A¡u¦Û¤vªº©Ê©R¡v«o¬O¥t¤@­Ó¡B¨S¦³ªí¹F¥X¨Óªº°Êµüªº»«µü¡A³o°Êµü¥i¥Ñ¡u¤À¨É¡v¤@µü±ÀºV¥X¨Ó¡A´N¬O¡uµ¹¡v¡A¥ç§Y¡u±Ë¥h¡v¡C139¦ý³oºØ¸ÑÄÀ¬O¤£¥²­nªº¡A¤]¤£¬O­ì¤åµ²ºc³Ì¦ÛµMªº¸ÑÄÀ¡F³oºØ¸ÑÄÀ¦ü¥G¬O¦]³o¨ÇÄÀ¸gªÌ±N²Ä¤G­Ó»«µü¸Ñ¬°¡u¦Û¤vªº©Ê©R¡v¡]©M¦X¡B·sĶ¡A°Ñ«ä°ª¡^¦Ó¤Þ°_ªº¡C¸û©¾©ó­ì¤åµ²ºcªº¸ÑÄÀ¬O§â¨â­Ó»«µü¦P®É¬Ý¬°¨ü¡u¤À¨É¡v³o°Êµü©Ò¤ä°tú¦¡C140¡u¯«ªººÖ­µ¡v·N«ä¬O¡u±q¤W«Ò¨ÓªººÖ­µ¡v¡]²{¤¤¡^¡A¡u¸ò§A­Ì¤À¨É¯«ªººÖ­µ¡v¦ÛµM¥]¬A¡u§â¤W«ÒªººÖ­µ¶Çµ¹§A­Ì¡v¡]·í¸t¡^¡A¦ý¬OÁÙ¥]§t¡u¨Ï§A­Ì©M§Ú­Ì¦P¨ÉºÖ­µªº¦n³B¡v¢w¢w§Y¬O±Ï®¦ªººÖ¿A¡]°ÑªL«e¤E22¡B23¡^¢w¢w¤§·N¡C¦Ü©ó²Ä¤G­Ó»«µüªº·N«ä¡AÃöÁä¦b©ó¨ä¤¤ªº¦Wµü141À³¦p¦ó¸ÑÄÀ¡C

³oµü¦b·s¬ù¦@¥X²{¤@¦Ê¹s¤T¦¸¡A«Où®Ñ«H¦û¤F¤Q¤T¦¸¡]¥]¬A¥»®Ñ¨â¦¸¡^¡A¨ä¤¤¤@¦¸¦³¨ä¦r­±·N«ä¡A§Y¬O¡u»î¡v¡]¤­23¡^¡A¤T¦¸»P¡u¤ß¡v¦P¸q¡]¥±¤»6¡FµÌ¤@27¡F¦è¤T23¡^¡A¨â¦¸ªº·N«äÅãµM¬O¡u©Ê©R¡v¡]ù¤Q¤@3¡FµÌ¤G30¡A·sĶ¡B²{¤¤¡G¡u«_ú¦¥Í©Rªº¦MÀI¡v¡A§Y¬O¥H¡u©Ê©R¡v¡e«ä°ª¡f¬°½äª`¡^¡A¦ý¦b¥t¥~¤»¦¸¡A³oµü¦ü¥G¤Ï¬M¤F§Æ§B¨Ó¤å¥H¡u»î¡v«ü¡u¤H¡v142ªº¥Îªk¡G³ÌÅãµÛªº¨Ò¤l¬Où°¨®Ñ¤G³¹¤E¸`¡]¡u¤H¡v­ì¤å§@¡u¤Hªº»î¡v¡^¡B¤Q¤T³¹¤@¸`¡]¡u¤H¤H¡v­ì¤å§@¡u¨C¤@­ÓÆF»î¡v¡^¥H¤Î­ôªL¦h«e®Ñ¤Q¤­³¹¥|¤Q¤­¸`¡]¡u¥ÍÆF¡v¡e«ä°ª¡f§Y¬O¡u¦³¥Í©R/¦³®ð®§ªº¤H¡v¡e·sĶ/²{¤¤¡f¡^¡F·Ó¼Ë¡A¡u¬°§A­ÌªºÆF»î¡v¡]ªL«á¤Q¤G15¡^·N«ä§Y¬O¡u¬°¤FÀ°§U§A­Ì¡v¡]²{¤¤¡^¡A¡u¬°¤F§Úªº©Ê©R¡v¡]ù¤Q¤»4¡A·sĶ¡^µ¥©ó¡u¬°¤F§Ú¡v¡]²{¤¤¡^¡B¡u¬°±Ï§Ú¡v¡]«ä°ª¡^¡A¦Ó¡u§Ú«üú¦§Úªº©Ê©R¡v©I¨D¯«§@ÃÒ¡]ªL«á¤@23¡A«ä°ª¡^ªº·N«ä¡A´N¬O¡u¦pªG§Ú¼»ÁÀ¡AÄ@¯«Ãg»@§Ú¡I¡v¡]°Ñ²{¤¤¡^¡C³Ì«á¨â¸`¥i»¡¬O­ì¦rªº·N«ä±q¡u©Ê©R¡v¹L´ç¨ì¡u¦Û¤v¡vªº¨Ò¤l¡C

¦^¨ì¥»¸`¡A«Oùªº·N«ä¤£¬O»¡¡A¡u´Nºâ¬°§A­ÌÄ묹©Ê©R¡A¤]¦b©Ò¤£±¤¡v¡]·í¸t¡^¡F143­Y§â­ì¤å¤ù»yĶ¬°¡u§Ú­Ìªº¥Í©R¡v¡]²{¤¤¡^¡A¨º»ò¡u¸ò§A­Ì¤À¨É§Ú­Ìªº¥Í©R¡vªº·N«ä¥i¯à¬O¤À¨Éºc¦¨¥Í©Rªº¨º¨ÇªF¦è¢w¢w®É¶¡¡Bºë¤O¡B°·±d¡A¦Ó¤£¬O³æ«ü¡u±Þ©]§@¤u¡K¡K§K±o¥s§A­Ì¤@¤H¨ü²Ö¡v¡]9¸`¡^¡C144³Ì¥i¯àªº¸ÑÄÀ¬O¡G¡u§Ú­Ìªº¥Í©R¡v·N«ä¨ä¹ê¬O¡u§Ú­Ì¦Û¤v¡v¡C«Où©M¦P¤u¸ò©«¤H¤À¨É¯«ªººÖ­µªº¦P®É¡A¤]¸ò¥L­Ì¤À¨É¦Û¤v¢w¢w¥L­Ì§â¾ã­Ó¦Û¤v¡]³o·íµM¥]¬A¥L­Ìªº¤~·F¡Bºë¤O¡B®É¶¡µ¥µ¥¡^§ë¶i¶ÇºÖ­µ©M°ö¨|«H®{ªº¤u§@¤¤¡A²@µL«O¯d¦a¬°¥L­Ìªº½t¬G¥I¥X¤@¤Á¡]°ÑªL«á¤Q¤G15¡^¡A¥H¨­§@«h¦a±Ð¾É¥L­Ì¦b¥Í¬¡¤W¨ú®®©ó¯«¡]9-12¸`¡^¡C145«Oùªº¸Ü¨Ã¤£ªí¥Ü¥L»{¬°¡u§Ú­Ì¦Û¤v¡v¤ñ¡u¯«ªººÖ­µ¡v§óÄ_¶Q¡A¥L¥u¬O¥H¡u¼Ö·N¸ò§A­Ì¤À¨É§Ú­Ì¦Û¤v¡v³o­Ó«ä·Q©M¨Æ¹ê¦V©«¤Hªí¥Ü¥L­Ì¹ï©«¤Hªº·R¬O¦óµ¥²`Âã¡]¦]¡u¦Û¤v¡v´N¬O§Ú­Ì¾Ö¦³ªº³ÌÄ_¶QªºªF¦è¡^¡C¦ý¥Lªº¸Üªº½T´£¥Ü§Ú­Ì¡A¹ï«Où¨Ó»¡¡A§¹¥þ¦a¥I¥X¦Û¤v»P¶Ç¯«ªººÖ­µ¤£¥i¤À³Î¡A¦]¬°¶ÇºÖ­µªº¤u§@¤£¬O¤@¦¸¹L«Å§i¤@­Ó«H®§¡A¹³±i¶K¤@¥÷®ü³ø¨º¼Ë¡A¦Ó¬O»Ý­n¤£Â_¦a¦V¤H©IÆ~©MÀµ¨D¡AÁæ¦Ó¤£±Ë¦a¥H·R´M§ä¥L­Ì©M·ÓÅU¥L­Ì¡F«Oùªº¸Ü´£¿ô§Ú­Ì¡A¡u­n°µ¤@­Ó¥¿¥¿¦¡¦¡ªº°ò·þ®{ªªªÌ¡A¤H¥²¶·¥I¥X¦Û¤vµ¹¥L©Ò·ÓÅUªº¤H¡A¥H­P¥LÁöµMµ´¹ï¦a¥uÄÝ©ó°ò·þ¡A«oÄÝ©ó¥L­Ì¹L©óÄÝ©ó¦Û¤v¡v¡C146

 

131 MM 447(s.v. homeiromai).Baumert('Omeiromenoi', esp. 561-562)«h»{¬°¦¹¦rÀ³«ö³Q°Êªº·N«ä¸Ñ¬°¡u¬J³Q¤À¶}¡v¡CµL½×¦p¦ó¡A³o¬O­Ó·P©Êªº°Êµü¡A¬G¨ä»«µü¥Îª«¥D¦ì(hymo{n, genitive).

132 eudokeo{.

133 ¤W¤U¤å¡]7¸` egene{the{men, 8b¸`egene{the{te¡^³£²M·¡ªí¥Ü¡A8a¸`ªºeudokoumen(BFBS: e{udokoumen)¤£¬O²{¦b®É¦¡(Moore 38; Baumert, ''Omeiromenoi' 561-562)¡A¦Ó¬O Attic imperfect(Ellicott 22 a; cf. Lightfoot 26; Frame 102).

134 Cf. Idiom 9 with 202: e{udokoumen ¡× desiderative imperfect.

135 G. Schrenk, TDNT II 741.

136 Findlay 43; Morris II 79.

137 metadido{mi.

138 Ellicott 22b; Lightfoot 26.

139 dido{mi; dounai ten psyche{n ¡× ¡u±Ë©R¡v¡]¥i¤Q45¡^¡C«ö¦¹¸ÑÄÀ¡A«Où¥Î¤FºÙ¬°\cs15zeugmaªº­×Ããªk¡]§Y¡u¤À¨É¡v¥Î©ó¡uºÖ­µ¡v¬O¦X¾Aªº¡A¦ý¥Î©ó¡u©Ê©R¡v«hÄY®æ»¡¨Ó¬O¤£¦X¾Aªº¡A¦]¦¹­n°²³]¨ä¯u¥¿ªº°Êµü¬O¡u±Ë¥h¡v©Î¡uÄ묹¡v¡^¡C

140 to euangelion, tas psychas ¡× accusative of the part shared(Frame 102); cf. MHT 3.231.

141 psyche{ .

142 nep{es% ¡× 'person'.

143 °Ñ©P51¡G¡u¡K¡KÄ@·N¬°¥L­Ìªº¦Ï¸s±Ë©R¡v¡C¦p¤W¤å«ü¥X¡A­ì¤å¨S¦³¥Î¡u±Ë¡v¦r¦Ó¥Î¡u¤À¨É¡v¡C

144 ¤À§O¨£¡GE. Schweizer, TDNT IX 648, TDNTA 1349; Patte, Paul's Faith 141.

145 Cf. Bultmann, Theology 1.204; Ladd, Theology 460; G. Harder, NIDNTT III 683; Findlay 43; Hendriksen 65; Marshall 71; Jewett, Anthropological Terms 346-347.

146 L. Coenen, NIDNTT III 54; CranfieId, '1 Thessalonians 2' 223¡]¤Þ¥y¥X¦Û«áªÌ¡^¡C

 

¡u¦]§A­Ì¬O§Ú­Ì©Ò¯k·Rªº¡v

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«Où¦b²Ä¤C¡B¤K¨â¸`µªÂФF¤W¤å©Ò¤Ï¬M¡u¨DºaÄ£¡vªº«ü±±¡G¥L©M¦P¤u¨S¦³§Q¥Î¥L­Ìªº¨­¥÷¦¨¹B¥Î¥L­ÌªºÅv¬`­n¨D©«¤H·q­«¥L­Ì¡A©Î¹G¨Ï¥L­ÌÁ¾®¥¶¶ªA¡A¤Ï¦Ó·Å¬X±o¹³­Ó¡u¼¾¨|¦Û¤v«Ä¤lªº¥À¿Ë¡v¡]«ä°ª¡^¡A¨Ã¥B¦]·R¥L­Ìªº½t¬G¡A´N²@¤£§[¶Þ¡Bµ´µL«O¯d¦a¥I¥X¤@¤Á¡C³o¨â¸`¤£¦ý¥Ñ¡u¦p¦P¡v©M¡u³o¼Ë¡v¤Gµü³s°_¨Ó¡]°Ñ8¸`µùÄÀ­º¬q¡^¡A¦b«ä·Q¤º®e¤W¤]«Ü¦³Ãö«Y¡G¦]¬°«Où©M¦P¤u¦]·R¥I¥X¦Û¤v¡A¥¿¬O¥À¿Ë¼¾¨|¦Û¤v«Ä¤l©Ò«ùªººA«×¡C

 

147 hoti.

148 dioti ¡× dia touto hoti, 'because of this, that'(Findlay 44).

149 agape{tos.

150 egene{the{te ¡× 'you had become'(RSV, NASB, NIV; cf. NEB)

151 Cf. H.W. Heidland, TDNT V 176, TDNTA 683.

 

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¥»¸`­ì¤å¶}­º¦³¡u¦]¬°¡v¤@µü¡Aªí¥Ü¥»¸`»P¤W¤å¦³ÅÞ¿è¤WªºÃö«Y¡G«Où´£¥X¥»¸`ªº¨Æ¹ê¡A¨Ó»¡©ú¨ÃÃÒ¹ê²Ä¤K¸`ªº¥D­n·N«ä¡A§Y¬O¥L©M¦P¤u¼Ö·N¸ò©«¤H¤À¨É¦Û¤v¢w¢w¥L­Ìªº¡u¨¯­W³Ò¸L¡A±Þ©]§@¤u¡v¥¿¬O¥L­Ì¤À¨É¦Û¤vªº¨ä¤¤¤@­±¡C152¥»¸`¦P®É¦^À³¤F²Ä¤­¸`¤U¥b¸`¡A°w¹ï¡uÂÃú¦³g¤ß¡vªº«ü±±¡A®Ú¾Ú¨Æ¹ê´£¥XµªÅG¡C«Oùª½±µºÙ©IŪªÌ¬°¡u§Ì¥S­Ì¡v¡A³o¬O¥»®Ñªº²Ä¤T¦¸¡]°Ñ¤@4µùÄÀ¡^¡C¡u°O©À¡v¤@µüªº­ì¤å153¤w¦b¤@³¹¤T¸`¥X²{¹L¡A¦b«á®Ñ¦A¥X²{¤@¦¸¡]¤G5¡^¡A¦b«Où®Ñ«H¥t¥~¥Î¤F¥|¦¸¡]¥[¤G10¡F¥±¤G11¡F¦è¥|18¡F´£«á¤G8¡^¡A¦b·s¬ù¦@¥Î¤F¤G¤Q¤@¦¸¡C³oµü¦b¤@³¹¤T¸`©Ò¥Îªºµ²ºc¸ò¥»¸`©Ò¥Îªº¦³©Ò¤£¦P¡F154¦³ÄÀ¸gªÌ»{¬°¡A°Êµü¦b«eªÌªº·N«ä¬O¸û¥D°Êªº¡u¦^·Q¡v¡A¦b«áªÌ«h¬O¨S¦³¨º»ò¥D°Êªº¡u°O±o¡v¡A155¦ý³oµü¦b·s¬ùªº¥Îªk¨Ã¤£¤ä«ù¦¹»¡¡A¨ä·N«ä¬O¸û¥D°Ê©Î¨S¦³¨º»ò¥D°Ê¡A¨Ã«D¥Ñ©Ò¥Îªºµ²ºcÂ_©w¡A¦Ó¬O¥Ñ¤å²zÂ_©w¡C156¥»¸`ªº§@¥Î¬J¬O­n»¡©ú¤W¤@¸`ªº¥D­n·N«ä¡A¡u§A­Ì°O©À¡vªº·N«ä´N¥i¯à¤£¬O¡u§A­ÌÀ³¸Ó°O±o¡v¡]·sĶ¡^©Î¡u§A­ÌÀ³¦^¾Ð¡v¡]«ä°ª¡^¡A¦Ó¬O¡u§A­Ì¤@©w°O±o¡v¡]²{¤¤¡^©Î¡u¬Û«H§A­ÌÁÙ°O±o¡v¡]·í¸t¡^¡C

Ķ¬°¡u¨¯­W©M³Ò¸L¡vªº­ì¤å¤ù»y157¦b·s¬ù¥t¥~¥X²{¨â¦¸¡]©««á¤T8¡FªL«á¤Q¤@27¡^¡CÀY¤@­Ó¦Wµü¤w¦b¤@³¹¤T¸`¥X²{¹L¡]¨£¸Ó³BµùÄÀ¡^¡A¦b«Où®Ñ«H¦@¥Î¤F¤Q¤@¦¸¡A¦b·s¬ù¦@¥Î¤F¤Q¤K¦¸¡C³oµüªº¥ÎªkÅã¥Ü¤F¨â­Ó¥D­nªº·N«ä¡A¤@­Ó¬O¡u³Â·Ð¡v¡]¸ô¤Q¤@7¡A¤Q¤K5¡A·sĶ¡F¥[¤»17¡A²{¤¤¡^¢w¢w¡uÃø¬°¡v¡]¤Ó¤Ü¤»10¡F¥i¤Q¥|6¡^©Î¡u¬°Ãø¡v¡]²{¤¤¡^¨ä¹ê¬O¡u§ä¡K¡K³Â·Ð¡v¤§·N¡F¥t¤@­Ó·N«ä¸û±`¨£¡A´N¬O¡u³Ò­W¡v¡]ªL«e¤T8¡e·sĶ¡B«ä°ª¡f¡A¤Q¤­58¡FªL«á¤Q15¡e·sĶ¡B«ä°ª¡f¡A¤Q¤@23¡F©««e¤@3¡A¤T5¡F±Ò¤G2¡e·sĶ¡f¡A¤Q¥|13¡^¡B¡u³Ò­Wªº¦¨ªG¡v¡]¬ù¥|38¡A·sĶ¡B«ä°ª¡A°Ñ²{¤¤¡^¡A©Î¡u¶Ô³Ò¡v¡]ªL«á¤»5¡^¡C²Ä¤G­Ó¦Wµü°£¤F¸ò²Ä¤@­Ó³sú¦¥X²{ªº¤T¦¸¥~¡A¦b·s¬ù«K¤£¦A¥X²{¡C³o¨â­Ó¦Wµüªº¤À§O¡A¦b©ó«eªÌªí¹F¤£Â_¤u§@©Ò±a¨Óªº¯h¥F©M§x­Â¡A«áªÌ«h±j½Õ¨º¤u§@¬O§xÃøªº©M»Ùê­«­«ªº¡F158Ų©ó³o­Ó¤À§O¡A¤]³\¡u¶Ô³Ò©M¨¯­W¡v¡]«ä°ª¡^©Î¡u³Ò¸L©MÁ}¨¯¡v¬O­ì¤å¤ù»y¸û¨ÎªºÄ¶ªk¡C¤£ºÞ§Ú­Ì±Ä¯Ç¨º¤@­Ó½Ķ¡A³o¤ù»yªº§@¥Î¬O«ü¥X«Où©M¦P¤u©Ò§@ªºµ´¤£¬O¡uªù­±¤u¤Ò¡v¡A¦Ó¬O¨¯¶Ô©MÁ}­Wªº¤u§@¡F­ì¤å­«½Æ¤F¦Wµü«eªº«aµü¡A§ó¦³±j½Õ¦¹ÂI¤§®Ä¡C

 

152 Cf. Ellicott 23a; Lightfoot 26.

153 mne{moneuo{.

154 ¤À§O¬O¡Gmne{moneuo{ + genitive, mne{moneuo{ + accusative.

155 Findlay 44.

156 ¦b¤G¤Q¤@¦¸¤§¤¤¡A»Paccusative³sú¦¥Îªº¥u¦³¥|¦¸¡A¨â¦¸ªº·N«ä¬O¸û¥D°Êªº¡A§Y¬O¡u°O©À¡v¡B¡u·Q°_¡v¡]´£«á¤G8¡F±Ò¤Q¤K5¡^¡A¥t¨â¦¸¬O¡u°O±o¡v¡]¤Ó¤Q¤»9¡F©««e¤G9¢w¢w¨£¥¿¤å¸Ñ¾Ü¡^¡C¦b»Pgenitive³sú¦¥Îªº¤Q¤C¦¸¤§¤¤¡A¤Q¥|¦¸¦³¸û¥D°Êªº·N«ä¡]¸ô¤Q¤C32¡F¬ù¤Q¤­20¡A¤Q¤»4¡F®{¤G¤Q31¡B35¡F¥[¤G10¡F¥±¤G11¡F¦è¥|18¡F©««e¤@3¡F¨Ó¤Q¤@15¡B22¡e·N«ä¸û¯S§O¡G¡u´£¨ì¡v¡f¡A¤Q¤T7¡F±Ò¤G5¡A¤T3¡^¡A¤T¦¸ªº·N«ä¬O¡u°O±o¡v¡]¥i¤K18¡F¬ù¤Q¤»21¡F©««á¤G5¡^¡C­Y°Êµü©Ò¥Îªº¬O©R¥O»y®ð¡]¦pÄݲĤ@ºØµ²ºcªº´£«á¤G8¡AÄݲĤGºØµ²ºcªº¸ô¤Q¤C32¡F¬ù¤Q¤­20¡F¥±¤G11¡F¦è¥|18¡F¨Ó¤Q¤T7¡F±Ò¤G5¡A¤T3µ¥³B¡^¡A¨ä·N«ä¦ÛµM¬O¸û¥D°Êªº¡C

157 kopos kai mochthos.

158 Cf. Ellicott 23 a; Lightfoot 26; Findlay 44; Robertson, Pictures 4. 19; Marshall 72.Hock(Social Context 34-35)«ü¥X¡A¤@­Ó§Þ¤uªº¥Í¬¡¬O«D±`¨è­Wªº¡A¬G¦¹«Oùªº§Î®eµ´¤£¹L¥÷¡C

 

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«Où¹ïŪªÌ¸ÑÄÀ¡A¥L©M¦P¤u±Þ©]§@¤uªº¥Øªº¡A172¬O¡u§K±o¥s§A­Ì¤@¤H¨ü²Ö¡v¡A§Y¬O¡u§K±o¥[µ¹§A­Ì¥ô¦ó¤H­t¾á¡v¡]«ä°ª¡^¡F­ì¤å©Ò¥Îªº¬O©M¤G³¹¤H¸`¡u´L­«¡v¤@µü¦P¦r®Úªº½Æ¦X°Êµü¡]¨£¤W­±µù104¤Î©ÒÄÝ¥¿¤å¡^¡C«Où¤£¦ý¦b©«¼»Ã¹¥§­{ªº®É­Ô¦Û­¹¨ä¤O¡B¨ä«á¦bµÌ¥ß¤ñ¡]¨£¶¾¡G¡uµÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ¡v 483¡^¡B­ôªL¦h¡]®{¤Q¤K3¡F°ÑªL«e¥|12¡^©M¥H¥±©Ò¡]®{¤G¤Q34¡^¤]¬O³o¼Ë¡F¥Lªº«Å±Ð¦P¤uÅãµM±Ä¨ú¤F¦P¼Ëªº°µªk¡Cºî¦X¼Æ¬q¦³Ãöªº¸g¤å¡A§Ú­Ì¥i¥H¹ï«Où³oºØ¦Û­¹¨ä¤Oªº©v¦®´£¥X´X¶µÆ[¹î¡G¡]¤@¡^³o©v¦®ªº­I´º¥i¯à¬O«Où©Ò±µ¨ü©Ô¤ñ¶Ç²Îªº±Ð°V¡A´N¬O¬ã¨s«ßªkªº¤HÀ³¦³¤@¥÷¥@«UªºÂ¾·~¡A¦Ó¤£À³±q¬ã¨s«ßªkÀò±o¥@«Uªº§Q¯q¡C173¡]¤G¡^³o©v¦®¾A¦X«Où¿W¥ßªº©Ê®æ¡F¥L¦ü¥G¹ïª÷¿úªº¨Æ¯S§O±Ó·P¡A¥H­P§O¤H¹ï¥LªºÃJÃةθê§U·|¨Ï¥Lı±oÀª§¼¡]°Ñ¶¾¡G¡uµÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ¡v 486¡B489¡^¡C§ó¬°­«­nªº¡A¦Û­¹¨ä¤O¾A¦X¥Lªº¥Í¬¡¤è¦¡¡A¦¹¤è¦¡¸ò­C¿qªº¥Í¬¡¤è¦¡¬Û¦ü¡A´N¬O¦b¨ä¤¤Åã¥X¡u³n®z¡v©M¡u·M©å¡v¡]ªL«e¤@18-31¡A¥|10-13¡^¡C*¡]¤T¡^³o©v¦®¨Ï¥L¥i¥HµL©Ò¬ÈÄߦa¶ÇÁ¿¯«ªº«H®§¡A¤£¥²°Q¤H³ßÅw¡]4¸`¡^¡A¤]¤£¥²Á׿Ф£±N¯«¥þ³¡ªº¦®·N¦V«H®{«ÅÁ¿¡]®{¤G¤Q27¡^¡C¡]¥|¡^³o©v¦®ªí©ú¥L¸ò·í®É¤@¯ëªº¡u³c½æ©v±ÐªÌ¡vºIµM¤£¦P¡F¦b»Ý­n®É¡A¥L¥i¥H¥Î¥L¦Û­¹¨ä¤Oªº¨Æ¹ê°ô¦í·´Á½ªÌªº¤f¡A¨Ï¥L­Ì¤£¯à°÷»¡¥L¶Ç¹Dªº°Ê¾÷¬O¬°ú¦¹Ï§Q¡]ªL«á¤Q¤@7-12¡^¡C¡]¥|¡^«Où±Ä¨ú³o©v¦®¡A¤@¤è­±¬°­nÁקK¦¨¬°«H®{ªº­t¾á¡]¥»¸`¡F©««á¤T8¡^¡A¥L¥H¤÷¿Ëªº¨­¥÷¡]¤G12¡FªL«e¥|15¡^¤£§Æ¾¬¥Lªº¨à¤k¤u§@¨Ó¨Ñ¾i¥L¡]ªL«á¤Q¤G14¡^¡F¦P®É¥L­n¬°«H®{¾ð¥ß¤@­Ó¦nº]¼Ë¡]¥|11¡F®{¤G¤Q35¡F©««á¤T6-12¡^¡C¡]¤­¡^«Où¤£¦ý¦Ûµ¹¦Û¨¬¡A¦³®ÉÁ٨ѵ¹¡]©ÎÀ°§U¡^¦P¤uªº»Ý­n¡]®{¤G¤Q34¡F°Ñ¥±¥|28¡^¡C

±qµÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ¥|³¹¤Q¤»¸`¥i¨£¡A«Où¦b©««°¶Ç¹D®É´¿±µ¨üµÌ¥ß¤ñ±Ð·|ªº¸ê§U¡]¸Ó³B¡u¤@¦¸¨â¦¸¡vªº¥¿½T¸ÑÄÀ¡A½Ð°Ñ¶¾¡G¡uµÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ¡v480-482¡^¡A¥L¦b³oùبS¦³´£¤Î¦¹¨Æ¡A¥i¯à¦]¬°¨º¤@¦¸ªº¸ê§U¤£¨¬¥H¨Ï«Où¤£¥²§@¤u¨Óºû«ù¥Í¬¡¡A¤]³\¦P®É¦]¬°¥L¤£·Q¹ï©«¤H´£°_¥L±q§O¨Ç«H®{±o¨ìªº¸ê§U¦Ó¥O©«¤H·P¨ìÀª§¼¡]¥L¦bªL«á¤Q¤@8-9ªº°µªk¤£¦P¡A¦]¥Lªº¥Î·N¤£¦P¡^¡F174¦]¬°ÁöµM©««°ªº«H®{¥]¬A¡u¤£¤ÖªºÅã¶Q°ü¤k¡v¡]®{¤Q¤C4¡A«ä°ª¡^¡A¦ý¥i¯à¤j³¡¥÷ªº«H®{¤´¬O³h­Wªº³Ò¤u¶¥¼h¡]°ÑªL«á¤K1-2¡F§Æþ¤H¤@¯ë¹ï³Ò¤O±Ä»À®hªººA«×¡^¡C«Où©M¦P¤u¤£¦ý¨S¦³¦¨¬°±Ð·|¾ãÅ骺¸gÀÙ­t²Ö¡A¦Ó¥B¨S¦³¥[­«¥L­Ì¤¤¶¡¥ô¦ó¤@­Ó¤H¡]¡u§A­Ì¤@¤H¡v§Y¬O¡u§A­Ì¥ô¦ó¤H¡v¡A«ä°ª¡^ªº¸gÀÙ­t¾á¡C175¤@¦ì¾ÇªÌ«ü¥X¡A«Où¦b³oùØ»¡³o¥y¸Ü¡A¥i¯à¬O­n¦ÛµM¦a¹L´ç¨ì¤÷¿Ëªº¹Ï¹³¡]11¸`¡^¡G¥j¥N¤@¨Ç¸û´dÆ[ªº¹D¼w±Ð®v±`»{¬°¡A³g°ý¥O¨à¤k»P¤÷¿Ë¬°¼Ä¡A¬Æ¦Ü¨ì¤F¥X½æ¥L­Ìªº¦a¨B¡A¦Ó¤÷¥À¥ç¹ï¨ä¤l¤kÅܱo·Uµo­V¨D¡F«Où´£¿ôŪªÌ¡A¥L©ñ±ó¹ï¥L­Ì¦³©Ò­n¨Dªº¾÷·|¡]7¸`¡^¡A¤Ï¦Ó¸ò¥L­Ì¤À¨É¦Û¤vªº¥Í©R¡]8¸`¡^¡A¥i¯à´N¬O¹ïÀ³ú¦¹D¼w±Ð®vªº¨º¨Ç¸Ü¡Aªí©ú¥L§¹¥þ¨S¦³³g¤ß¡C176¤£½×«Où¬O§_»{ÃѨº¨Ç¸Ü¡A¥L¦b¥»¸`©Ò»¡ªº¡A¦ü¥G½T¬O°w¹ï¡uÂÃú¦³g¤ß¡v¡]5¸`¤U¡^ªº«ü±±¦Óµoªº¡C

 

159 ­ì¤å¨S¦³³s±µµü±N³o¸Ü»P¤W¤å³s°_¨Ó¡A³o²{¶H¦b¤åªk¤WºÙ¬°asyndeton.

160 ­ì¤å¤À§O¬°¡Gke{rysso{, keryx.

161 J. Schniewind, TDNT I 71, TDNTA 12; L. Coenen, NIDNTT III 53-54.

162 §Y¬O eis hymas ¡× hymin. Cf. BDF 207(1); Idiom 69; A Oepke, TDNT II 425 ¢w over against G. Friedrich, TDNT III 704-705.

163 ergazomenoi(from ergazomai) ¡× modal participle.

164 Malherbe, Paul 55-56.§@ªÌ¡]µù83¡^»{¬°¡A«Où¹ï¥L¦Û¤w³Ò¤O§@¤u©Ò«ùªººA«×¡A¤Ï¬M©ó¥H¤Uªº¨Æ¹ê¡G¥L§â¡u¿Ë¤â§@¤u¡v¥]¬A¦b¤@¨t¦CªºÁ}­W¸g¾ú¤§¤º¡]ªL«e¥|12¡^¡A¤S§â¥¦¬Ý¬°¹²¤Hªº¤u§@¡]ªL«e¤E19¡^¥H¤Î¡u¦Û©~¨õ·L¡v¤§Á|¡]ªL«á¤Q¤@7¡^¡A¦ý«Où¦b³o¨Ç¦a¤è¥i¯à±qŪªÌ©Ò±µ¨üªº§ÆþÆ[ÂI»¡¸Ü¡A¥L¯u¥¿ªººA«×­n±q§O¨Ç¸g¤å¤~¥i¥H¬Ý¥X¨Ó¨£¥|11µùö²Ä¥|¬q¡C

165 Veldkamp 37.

166 ù°¨¤HºÙ¤§¬°cilicium, «áªÌ¸òCilicia¡]°ò§Q®a¡^¬Æ¬°¬Û¦ü¡C

167 Cf. Hock, Social Context 21, 66; W. Michaelis, TDNT VII 393-394, TDNTA 1044 ¢w Over against Lightfoot 27.

168 ©P51¡C­ì¤å©Ò¥Îªºµ²ºc¤£¥i¯à¬O³o­Ó·N«ä¡A¦]nyktos kai hemeras ¡× genitive of the kind of time, 'both by night and by day'.

169 Hock, Social Context 31-32.

170 nyktos kai he{meras(genitive): ¥»¸`¡A¤T10¡F©«®{¤T8¡F´£«e¤­5¡F´£«á¤@3¡]¤¤Ä¶¥»¤@4¡^¡F¥i¤­5¡Cnykta kai he{meran(accusative):¥i¥|27¡F¸ô¤G37¡F®{¤G¤Q31¡A¤Ü¤»7¡C

171 he{meras(te)kai nyktos(genitive):¸ô¤Q¤K7¡F®{¤E24¡F±Ò¥|8¡A¤C15¡A¤Q¤G10¡A¤Q¥|11¡A¤G¤Q10¡Chemeas kai nyktas(accusative plural, with numbers supplied)¡G¤Ó¥|2¡A¤Q¤G40¡]¨â¦¸¡^¡C

172 MHT 3.144 «h»{¬°¦b¥»¸`¡A¦p¦b©««á¤T8©M¥±¤»11¡Apros to + infinitive 'may express tendency and ultimate goal, rather than purpose'¡A¥u¦³¦bªL«á¤T13¡A³oµ²ºc¡]¦b«Où®Ñ«H¥X²{¦@¦¹¥|¦¸¡^¤~¬Oªí¹F¥Øªº¡C

173 Cf. Bruce 34; Galatians 263. ³o¬O¤j¦h¼Æ¾ÇªÌ¹ï­I´º°ÝÃDªº·N¨£¡CBest(Paul 102)¦X²z¦a»{¬°¡AÁöµM¦³ÃöµS¤Ó©Ô¤ñªº³o¤è­±ªº³W¨Ò¬Oµy«á¤~­q©wªº¡A¦ý¨º­ÓÆ[©À¥»¨­¦b«Où®É¥N«K¤w¬y¶Çú¦¡C¦ýHock(Social Context 22-24)¹ï¦¹¬Ýªk´£¥X½èºÃ¡F¥L»{¬°«Où¬O±q¥Lªº¤÷¿Ë¾Ç¤âÃÀªº¡A³oºØ¡u¤÷¶Ç¤l¡vªº°µªk¬O·í¥N§ÆùªÀ·|ªº¨å«¬°µªk¡A¦Ó«D¯S®íªºµS¤Ó¤H°µªk¡C
* Cf. Best, Paul 103.

174 Bruce 35; cf. Marshall 72. «Où±µ¨üµÌ¥ß¤ñ±Ð·|ªº¸ê§U¡A¦ý¤£¨ü­ôªL¦h±Ð·|ªº¨Ñµ¹¡A¦¹ÂI¨£¶¾¡G¡uµÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ¡v 482-483¡A¥ç°Ñ¦P®Ñ464-465¡C

175 «öHock(Social Context 30, cf. 37)ªº¸ÑÄÀ¡A¡u¥s§A­Ì¤@¤H¨ü²Ö¡vªº·N«ä¡A´N¬O«Où­Y¹³·í¥Nªº­õ¤h¨º¼Ë(cf. 53-55)§ë©b¤@­Ó¤á¥D¡A°µ¤@­Ó¾n©ó¬Y®a¤¤ªº±Ð®v©Îª¾ÃÑ¥÷¤l¡A±µ¨ü¤á¥D©Ò¨Ñªº¿¯±J©M¨ä¥LªºÃJÃØ¡]³o¨Ç¦X°_¨Óµ¥©ó¥LªºÁ~¹S¡^¡A«K«Ü®e©ö¦¨¬°¤@ºØ¸gÀÙ­t²Ö¡A¤×¨ä¦]¬°©«¤H¦h¼Æ¤£¬O«Ü´I¦³ªº¤H¡C

176 Malherbe, 'Exhortation' 243.

 

¤G10¡u§Ú­Ì¦V§A­Ì«H¥Dªº¤H¡A¬O¦óµ¥¸t¼ä¡B¤½¸q¡BµL¥i«üºK¡v

³o¦b­ì¤å¬O¥»¸`ªº«á¥b³¡¡F«e¥b³¡¸ò¤W¤@¸`¨ÃµL¤åªk¤WªºÃö«Y¡A³oªí¥Ü¥»¸`ªº«ä·Q¸ô½u¬O¨Ì´`ú¦¤W¤@¸`ªº¡]°Ñµù159¤Î©ÒÄÝ¥¿¤å¡^¡C¡u¸t¼ä¡v¡B¡u¤½¸q¡v©M¡uµL¥i«üºK¡v¦b­ì¤å³£¬O°Æµü¡CÀY¤@­Ó¦b·s¬ù¥u¥X²{³o¤@¦¸¡A¦ý¦P¦r®Úªº§Î®eµü177¦b·s¬ù¦@¥Î¤F¤K¦¸¡A¦h¼Æ«ü¯«¡]±Ò¤Q¤­4¡A¤Q¤»5¡^¡B­C¿q¡]®{¤G27¡A¤Q¤T35¡F¨Ó¤C26¡^©Î¯«©Ò³\»P¤júÒªº®¦ºÖ¡]®{¤Q¤T34¡^¡A¦ý¦³¨â¦¸¥Î¦b«H®{¨­¤W¡G¨k¤HÀ³Á|°_¡u¸t¼ä¡vªº¤âë§i¡]´£«e¤G8¡^¡A¬°¤H¡u¸t¼ä¡v¬O§@ºÊ·þªº±ø¥ó¤§¤@¡]¦h¤@8¡^¡C¦P¦r®Úªº©â¶H¦Wµü178¦b·s¬ù¥u¥X²{¨â¦¸¡A¤À§O«ü¯«ªº¦Ê©m¥H¡u¸t¼ä¡v©M¤½¸q¨Æ©^Í¢¡]¸ô¤@75¡^¡A¥H¤Î·s³yªº¤H¦³¡u¯u²zªº¤¯¸q©M¸t¼ä¡v¡]¥±¥|24¡^¡C²Ä¤G­Ó°Æµü179¦b·s¬ù¥t¥~¥Î¤F¥|¦¸¡A¨â¦¸ªº·N«ä¬O¡u²z©Ò·íµM¦a¡v¡]¸ô¤Ü¤T41¡A°Ñ«ä°ª¡FªL«e¤Q¤­34¡A°Ñ·sĶ¡^¡A¨ä¾l¨â¦¸¡]¦p¦b¥»¸`¡^¬O¡u¤½¸q¦a¡v¡]¦h¤G12¡F©¼«e¤G23¡^¡C¦P¦r®Úªº§Î®eµü180¦b·s¬ù¦@¥X²{¤C¤Q¤E¦¸¡A«Où®Ñ«H¦û¤F¤Q¤C¦¸¡A«áªÌ¦b¡u¸qªº¡v³o°ò¥»·N¸q¤UÅã¥Ü¤F¦n´X­Ó¤£¦Pªº­«ÂI¡]¸Ô¨£¶¾¡G¡uµÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ¡v 447¡^¡C²Ä¤T­Ó°Æµü¦b·s¬ù¥u¥X²{¥t¤@¦¸¡A§Y¥»®Ñ¤­³¹¤G¤Q¤T¸`¡F¦P¦r®Úªº§Î®eµü181¦@¥Î¤F¤­¦¸¡A°£¤F¤@¦¸«ü¯«©M¥H¦â¦C¥ý«e©Ò¥ßªº¬ù¨Ã«D¡u¨S¦³¯ÊÂI¡v¡]¨Ó¤K7¡A²{¤¤¡B·sĶ¡B«ä°ª¡^¥~¡A¨ä¾l¬Ò«ü¤H¦æ¬°©Î¤ßÆF¤Wªº¡uµL¥i«üºK¡v¡]¸ô¤@6¡FµÌ¤G15¡A¤T6¡F©««e¤T13¡^¡C

­È±o¯d·Nªº¤@¥ó¨Æ¡A´N¬O¡u¸t¼ä¡v»P¡u¤½¸q¡v¦³´X¦¸³sú¦¥X²{¡]§Î®eµü¡G¦h¤@8¡F¦Wµü¡G¸ô¤@75¡F¥±¥|24¡^¡A182¹³¦b¥»¸`¨º¼Ë¡C¤@¨ÇÄÀ¸gªÌ»{¬°¡A¡u¸t¼ä¡v«ü¤H¹ï¯«ªº·q«×ºA«×©M¹ï¯«ªº³d¥ô¡A¡u¤½¸q¡v«ü¹ï¤Hªº³d¥ô¡A´N¬O¦X¥G¤½¸q©Î¡u¤½¥¿¡v¡]²{¤¤¡B·í¸t¥»¸`¡^ªº¦æ¬°¡A¡uµL¥i«üºK¡v«h±q­t­±·§¬A¤F¨â¤è­±ªº·N«ä¡C183¥t¤@¨ÇÄÀ¸gªÌ«h«ü¥X¡A¤W­z¡u¸t¼ä¡v©M¡u¤½¸q¡vªº¤À§O¡A´N¬O¥j¨å§Æþ¤åªº¥Îªk¤W¤]¤£¬O©Ò¦³§@ªÌ³£¿í¦uªº¡A¥ô¦ó¤@­Óµü³£¥i¥H«ü¹ï¯«©Î¹ï¤HªººA«×¡F¦]¦¹¸ûí§´ªº°µªk¡A¬O§â¡u¸t¼ä¡B¤½¸q¡v¬Ý¬°¤@­Ó³æ¦ì¡A±q¥¿­±ºî¦X¤F¡u¤£½×¹ï¯«©Î¹ï¤H³£¸t¼ä¤½¸q¡v³o­Ó½Æ¦X·N«ä¡A¡uµL¥i«üºK¡v«h¥Ñ¤Ï­±ªí¹F¦P¼Ëªº·N«ä¡C184³o­Ó¸ÑÄÀ¤ñ²Ä¤@­Ó¦n¡A¤×¨ä¦]¬°¡u¸t¼ä¡v»P¡u¤½¸q¡v¦h¦¸³s¬Ý¥X²{¡A¹³¬O­Ó¬y¦æÃã¡C¤£¹L¡A¡u¹ï§A­Ì«H¥Dªº¤H¡v¤@»y´£¥Ü§Ú­Ì¡A«Où¦b¦¹·Q¨ìªº¡A§¹¥þ¬O¥L©M¦P¤u»P©«¤HÃö«Y¤Wªº¸t¼ä¤½¸q¡BµL¥i«üºK¡A¥»¸`ªº¤W¤å¤U²z¡]7-9¡B11-12¸`¡^¦P¼Ë¤ä«ù³o¤@ÂI¡C185¤]³\¡u¸t¼ä¡vªº­«ÂI¬O¦b¤º¤ßªººA«×¡A¡u¤½¸q¡v«h±j½Õ²Å¦X¯«ªº­n¨D¤§·N¡C¡uµL¥i«üºK¡vªº·N«ä¤£¬O»¡¥L­Ì¹ï«Ý©«¤HªººA«×©M¦æ¬°¦b¯«­±«eµ´µL·å²«©Î¯ÊÂI¡A¦Ó¬O»¡¥L­Ì¦b©«¤H¤¤¶¡¦æ¨Æ¥ú©ú½U¸¨¡A°Ê¾÷¯Â¼ä²M¥Õ¡A¥H­P¥L­Ì¥i¥H®¼¯Ý©ù­º¡A¥¿µø©«¤H¦ÓµL©ÒÅåÄß¡C186

°t¦X¬Ý¤T­Ó°Æµü¡A°Êµü¡u¬O¡v¦r187¦³¡u¦b¦æ¬°¤Wªí²{±o¡BÅã¥X¨Ó¬O¡v¤§·N¡C«Où¯S§OÁn©ú¡u¦V§A­Ì«H¥Dªº¤H¡v¡A188¨Ã¤£ªí¥Ü¥L¥Î¤£¦PªººA«×¹ï«Ý«D«H®{¡F¥L¥[¤W³o¸Ü¡A¬O¦]¥L­n°w¹ïµS¤Ó¤Hªº«ü±±¡A»¡¥L¹ï©«¤HªººA«×¨ü¦Û¨pªº°Ê¾÷¼vÅT¡A¥L´£¥X¤Ï»é»¡¡A¤£ºÞ§O¤H«ç¼Ë»¡¥L­Ì¡A¦Ü¤ÖŪªÌª¾¹D¥L­Ì¬O«ç¼Ëªº¤H¡C

 

177 ­ì¤å¤À§O¬O¡Ghosio{s, hosios.

178 hosiote{s.

179 dikaio{s.

180 dikaios.

181 ­ì¤å¤À§O¬O¡Gamempto{s, amemptos.

182 ¥t¥~¨â­Ó¨Ò¤l¬Où¤C12¡]»|©R¬O¡u¸t¼ä¡B¤½¸q¡vªº¡^¤ÎªL«e¤@30¡]°ò·þ¦¨¬°«H®{ªº¡u´¼¼z¡F´N¬O¤½¸q¡B¸t¼ä©M±ÏÅ«¡v¡A·sĶ¡^¡A¦ý¡u¸t¼ä¡v¦b­ì¤å©Ò¥Îªº¬O¥t¤@­Ó¦r¡]¤À§O¬°§Î®eµühagios¤Î¦Wµühagio{syne¡C

183 Cf. Lightfoot 27-28; Calvin 354; Robertson, Pictures 4.19; Marshall 73, Luke 92; Kelly, Pastoral 232. Cf. also G. Schrenk, TDNT II 191¡G¡u¤½¸q¡v¦b¦¹«ü»P¯«ªº«ßªk¬ÛÀ³ªº¸q¡C

184 Cf. Barth, Ephesians 510; Ellicott 24b; Frame 103; Neil 42; Ziesler, Righteousness 152; F. Hauck, TDNT V 492, TDNTA 735.

185 Cf. Bruce 35-36.

186 Cf. Cranfield, '1 Thssalonians 2' 223.

187 ginomai. ¦¹¦r¦b¥»®Ñ©M«á®Ñ¦@¥Î¤F¤Q¤T¦¸¡]·s¬ù¦@¤»¤C¡³¦¸¡^¡A»P°Æµü³s¥Îªº¥u¦³³o¤@¦¸(cf. BDF 190 [2], 434 [2])¡F¥t¥~ªº¥|ºØ¥Îªk¬O¡G³æ¿W¥Î¡]¤T4¡^¡B»P¦Wµü³sú¦¡]¤@6¡B7¡A¤G1¡B14¡^¡B»P§Î®eµü³sú¦¡]¤@5b¡A¤G7¡B8¡^¡A¥H¤Î»P¤¶¨tµü¤ù»y³sú¦¡]¤@5a¡A¤G5¡A¤T5¡F©«®{¤G7¡^¡C

188 hymin¤£¬O¡u¦b§A­Ì¤¤¶¡¡v(Marshall 73)¡A¦Ó¬O¡u¦b§Ú­Ì©M§A­ÌªºÃö«Y¤W¡v(Bruce 36)©Î¡u¹ï§A­Ì¡v¡]²{¤¤¡B·sĶ¡B«ä°ª¡^¡C³o¦rªº¥t¤@¸ÑÄÀ¬O¡u¦b§A­Ìªºµû¦ô¤¤¡v¡A§Y¬O¡u¦b§A­Ì²´¤¤¡v(Hendriksen 67; Collins 217 n.44; cf. MHT 3.229)¡A¦ý³o¸ÑÄÀ¤£¤Î¤W¤@­Ó¨Ó±o¦ÛµM¡C¦³ÄÀ¸gªÌ¬Æ¦Ü§â³o¦r³s©ó°Êµü¦Ó±o¥X¡u§Ú­Ì¨Ï¦Û¤v¦¨¬°ÄݧA­Ìªº¡v¤§·N(Moffatt 28 a; Findlay 46: hymin ¡× dative of possession)¡F¦ý¦¹¸ÑÄÀ®í¤£¦ÛµM¡]¤×¨ä¦]¥¦¨Ï¨º¤T­Ó°Æµü¡uµL®a¥iÂk¡v¡^¡A¦Ó¥B¤£¥²­n¦a­«½Æ¤F²Ä¤K¸`¤U¥bªº«ä·Q¡C

 

¡u¦³§A­Ì§@¨£ÃÒ¡A¤]¦³¡@¯«§@¨£ÃÒ¡v

³o¦b­ì¤å¬O¥»¸`ªº­º³¡¥÷¡Aª½Ä¶¬°¡u§A­Ì¬O¨£ÃÒ¤H¡A¯«¤]¬O¡v¡C¡u¯«¬O¨£ÃÒ¤H¡v³o¸Ü¤w¦b¤G³¹¤­¸`¥X²{¹L¡]°Ñ¸Ó³BµùÄÀ¡^¡A³oùئP®É¥H¯«©MŪªÌ¬°¨£ÃÒ¤H¡A¨ä·N«ä¥i¯à¤£¶È¬O¡G¡u§A­Ì¥i¥H¬°§Ú­Ì¥~ªíªº¦æ°Ê§@ÃÒ¡A¯«¥i¥H¬°§Ú­Ì¤º¤ßªº«ä·Q§@ÃÒ¡v¡A¦Ó¬O¡G¨ì©«¤H©Òª¾ªºµ{«×¡A¥L­Ì¥i¥H§@ÃÒ¡A¦Ü©ó¶W¥X¥L­Ì©Òª¾ªº½d³ò¤§¥~ªº¨Æ¡A«h¦³¯«¬°ÃÒ¡C189¦]¬°©«¤H¤£¦ý¤£¯à¬°©Ò¬Ý¤£¨£ªº§@ÃÒ¡A¥u¯à¬°¦Û¤v©Ò¨£ªº§@ÃÒ¡A¦Ó¥B¡A³æ´N©Ò¨£ªº¨Æ¨Ó»¡¡A¥L­Ì¤´¦³¨ü´ÛÄF¡B³Q»X½ªªº¥i¯à¡C«Où³o»òÄYµÂ¦a©I¨D¯«¬°¥L§@ÃÒ¡Aªí¥Ü¥L­n»é¥¸ªº«ü±±¬O¯u¹ê¦Ó«D°²³]ªº¡]°Ñ¤G1-12¤Þ¨¥²Ä¤G¬q¡^¡C

¥»¸`Án©ú«Où©M¦P¤u¦p¦ó¹ï«Ý©«¤H¡A¤W¤@¸`´£¥X¤F¥L­Ì¦p¦ó¦Û­¹¨ä¤O¡A¨â¸`¦P®É°w¹ï²Ä¤­¸`¤U¥bªº«ü±±¡AÃÒ©ú¥L­Ì§¹¥þ¨S¦³¡uÂÃú¦³g¤ß¡v¡C

 

189 ¤À§O¨£¡GLightfoot 27; Cranfield, Romans 75 n.4.

 

¤G11¡u§A­Ì¤]¾å±o§Ú­Ì«ç¼ËÄU«j§A­Ì¡A¦w¼¢§A­Ì¡AÅñ©J§A­Ì¦U¤H¡A¦n¹³¤÷¿Ë¹ï«Ý¦Û¤vªº¨à¤k¤@¼Ë¡v

³o½Ķ§â¦b­ì¤å¶}©l²Ä¤Q¤G¸`ªº¡uÄU«j§A­Ì¡A¦w¼¢§A­Ì¡AÅñ©J§A­Ì¡v´£«e©ñ¶i¤F¥»¸`¡C¸û¶Kªñ­ì¤åªºÂ½Ä¶¬O¡G¡u§A­Ì¤]¦P¼Ëª¾¹D¡G§Ú­Ì«ç¼Ë¹ï«Ý¤F§A­Ì¤¤¨C¤@­Ó¤H¡A´N¹³¤÷¿Ë¹ï«Ý¦Û¤vªº«Ä¤l¤@¼Ë¡v¡]«ä°ª¡F°Ñ²{¤¤¡B·sĶ¡^¡A¨ä¤¤¡u§Ú­Ì¡K¡K¹ï«Ý¤F¡K¡K¹ï«Ý¡v³o¨Ç¥Dµü©M°Êµü¬O­ì¤å¨S¦³¡A¥ÑĶ¥»¶¶À³ú¦¤å·Nªº­n¨D¦Ó¸É¥Rªº¡C190«ä°ª¸t¸gĶ¬°¡u¦P¼Ë¡vªº­ì¤å³s±µµü¡A191¦b¥»®Ñ¥t¥~¥X²{¤T¦¸¡]¤T6¡B12¡A¥|5¡^¡A¨ä¥Lªº«Où®Ñ«H¤K¦¸¡]ù¥|6¡A¤Q¤G4¡FªL«e¤Q10¡A¤Q¤G12¡FªL«á¤@14¡A¤T13¡B18¡A¤K11¡^¡A·s¬ù¥t¥~¥u¦³¤@¦¸¡]¨Ó¥|2¡^¡F³oµüªº·N«ä¬O¡u¥¿¦p¡v¡]·sĶ¡^¡A¦ý¤ñ²Ä¤­¸`©Ò¥Îªº¡u´N¦p¡v¡]«ä°ª¡^§ó¬°¦³¤O¡C¡u¥¿¦p¡vªí¥Ü¡A«Où²{¦b­nÁ|¥X¯S§Oªº¨Æ¹ê¨Ó»¡©ú¨ÃÃÒ¹ê¤W¤@¸`¸ûÅ¢²Îªº¸Ü¡C

¡u§A­Ì¨C¤@­Ó¤H¡v¡]²{¤¤¡^¤ñ¥|³¹¥|¸`ªº¡u§A­Ì¦U¤H¡v192§ó±j½Õ¨C¤@­Ó§O«H®{¤§·N¡C«Oùªº±Ð¾É¤Î©ó­Ó§O«H®{³o¥y¸Ü¡A¦³¨â­Ó¥i¯àªº¸ÑÄÀ¡G¡]¤@¡^«Où¦b±Ð¾É¥þÅé·|²³ªº·í¨à¡A¤£§Ñ°O­Ó§O«H®{ªº»Ý­n¡A¦³¾÷·|©Î»Ý­n®É«K°w¹ï­Ó§Oªº»Ý­n¬I¥H±Ð¾É¡F¡]¤G¡^«Oùªº±Ð¾É¥]¬A³v®a±´³X¡C193«áªÌ¥i¯à¸û¬°¥i¨ú¡A¤£¹L¡u³v®a±´³X¡v¤£À³«ö¨ä¦r­±·N¸q¸Ñ¬°¹³¤µ¤Ñ±Ð·|ªºªªªÌ±´³X·|¤Í¨º¼Ë¡A¦ÓÀ³«ö·í¤éªº±¡ªp¸Ñ¬°³v¤@±´³X¦b­Ó§O«H®{®a¤¤»E¶°ªº±Ð·|¡]°Ñù¤Q¤»5¡FªL«e¤Q¤»19¡F¦è¥|15¡Fªù2¡^¡C¤ä«ù³o¸ÑÄÀªº¤@¶µ¦³¤OÃÒ¾Ú¡A´N¬O«OùÃã§O¥H¥±©Ò±Ð·|ªºªø¦Ñ®É¡A»¡¤F¨â¥y¤¬¬Û¸ÑÄÀªº¸Ü¡G¥L¡u¦b¤T¦~ªº·³¤ëùØ¡K¡K±Ð¾É§A­Ì¨C¤@­Ó¤H¡v¡]®{¤G¤Q31¡A²{¤¤¡F¡u¨C¤@­Ó¤H¡v¦b­ì¤å»P©««e¥»¸`©Ò¥Îªº¬Û¦P¡^¡A¦Ó³o¥]¬A¡u¦b¤½¦@³õ¦X¡v¡]¦p¦b±À³â¥£ªº¾Ç©Ð¡A®{¤Q¤E9¡^¤Î¡u®Á®a¡v±Ð¾É¥L­Ì¡]®{¤G¤Q20¡A²{¤¤¡B«ä°ª¡^¡C§Ú­Ì¥i¥H¬Û«H¡A¦b³oºØ¡u®Á®a¡vªº±Ð¾É¤¤¡A­Ó§O«H®{ªº»Ý­n¤ñ¸û®e©öÀò±o·ÓÅU¡C194

«Où¥H¤÷¤lÃö«Y¨Ó´y¼g¥L©M´£¼¯¤Ó¡]ªL«e¥|17¡FµÌ¤G22¡F´£«e¤@2¡B18¡F´£«á¤@2¡A¤G1¡^¡B´£¦h¡]¦h¤@4¡^¤Îªü¥§¦è¥À¡]ªù10¡^ªºÃö«Y¡F¤S¥H¦P¤@­Ó¹Ï¶H¡]¤÷¥À»P¤l¤k¡^¨Ó¤ñ³ë¥L©M­ôªL¦h±Ð·|¡]ªL«e¥|14-15¡FªL«á¤»13¡^¤Î¥[©Ô¤Ó¦U±Ð·|¡]¥[¥|19¡^ªºÃö«Y¡C¡u¦]«H¥D§@§Ú¯u¨à¤l¡v¡]´£«e¤@2¡^¡B¡u·Óú¦§Ú­Ì¦@«H¤§¹D§@§Ú¯u¨à¤l¡v¡]¦h¤@4¡^¡B¡u§Ú¦b®¹Âꤤ©Ò¥Íªº¨à¤l¡v¡]ªù10¡^¡B¡u§Ú¦b°ò·þ­C¿qùإκ֭µ¥Í¤F§A­Ì¡v¡]ªL«e¥|15¡^¡A¥H¤Î¡u§Ú¬°§A­Ì¦A¨ü¥Í²£¤§­W¡v¡]¥[¥|19¡^µ¥§Î®eªº¸Ü¡Aªí¥Ü¤W­zªº¤Hª«©M±Ð·|³£¬O«OùºÖ­µ¤u§@ªºªG¤l¡C©«¤H¥ç¤£¨Ò¥~¡A¾¨ºÞ«Où¨S¦³ª½±µºÙ©I¥L­Ì¬°¨à¤l¡A¦Ó¥u»¡¡u¹³¤÷¿Ë«Ý¦Û¤vªº¨à¤k¤@¼Ë¡v¡]²{¤¤¡^¡C´N¦p¬ù±N­C©MµØ¦P®É³ë¬°¤÷¿Ë¡]¥Ó¤Ê¤G18a¡A¡u¥Í§Aªº½Y¥Û¡v¡F¸Ö¤@¡³¤T13¡^©M¥À¿Ë¡]¥Ó¤Ê¤G18b¡A¡u²£§Aªº¡@¯«¡v¡FÁÉ¥|¤Q¤E15¡A¤»¤Q¤»13¡^¡A·Ó¼Ë¡A«Où¦b¥»¬q¥ý«á±N¦Û¤v¡]©M¦P¤u¡^³ë¬°¥À¿Ë¡]7¸`¡^©M¤÷¿Ë¡]¥»¸`¡^¡F«e¤@­Ó¹Ï¶H§â­«ÂI©ñ¦b¥À¿Ë¼¾¨|ªº·Å¬X¡B·O·R©M¦Û§ÚÄ묹³o¨Ç½è¯À¤W¡A«á¤@­Ó¹Ï¶Hú¦²´¦bºÉ³dªº¤÷¿Ë¥Î¥Hªí¹F¨ä·R¤ßªº¤è¦¡¤W¢w¢wÄU«j¡B¦w¼¢¡BÅñ©J¡]12¸`¡^¡CÁöµM¨âªÌ©ÒÃöÅUªº¹ï¶H³£¬O¡u¦Û¤vªº«Ä¤l¡v¡]«ä°ª¡^¡A195¦ý¥L­Ì¦b¨â­Ó¹Ï¶H¤¤¦ü¥G¬O¤£¦P¦~¬öªº¡G¥À¿Ë©Ò¨Å¾iªº¡u«Ä¤l¡v¤ñ³ëªì«HºÖ­µªº«H®{¡A¤÷¿Ë©Ò±Ð¾Éªº¡u¨à¤k¡v«h¤ñ³ë«H®{¶}©l¦¨ªø¡A¥L­Ì¦³³d¥ô«ö·ÓºÖ­µªº¯u²z¤Î¹D¼w¼Ð·Ç¨Ó¹L¥L­Ì·sªº°ò·þ®{ªº¥Í¬¡¡C196«Où¤@¸gÂÇú¦¶ÇºÖ­µµ¹¥L­Ì¦Ó¦¨¬°¥L­ÌªºÄÝÆF¥Í¤÷¡A«K¦³³d¥ôÄ~ÄòÀ°§U¥L­Ì¦b¯u¹D¤Wªø¤j¦¨¤H¡F¥Lı±o¤£¦ý¦b¥L­Ì·í¤¤®É¦³¦¹³d¥ô¡A³s¤£¦b¥L­Ì·í¤¤®É¤´µM¦³¦¹³d¥ô¡]°Ñ¤T1-5¡FµÌ-25¡B27¡^¡C

 

190 «Où§Ñ°O¤F§â°Êµü©ñ¶i¥y¤lùØ¡A¦¹ÂIªº¸ÑÄÀ¨£Findlay 46-47.ªL«á¤C5¤U¥b¸`¦P¼Ëº|¥h°Êµü¡C

191 kathaper.

192 ­ì¤å¤À§O¬°¡Ghena hekaston hymo{n, hekaston hymon. heis hekastos ¥ç¨£©ó©««á¤@3¡FªL«e¤Q¤G18¡F¥±¥|7¡B16¡F¦è¥|6¡C

193 ¤À§O¨£¡G(1)Calvin 345; Morris II 84; (2)Whiteley 44.

194 Malherbe('Exhortation' 244-245)«ü¥X¡A³\¦h·í¥Nªº­õ¤h³£»{¬°»Ý­n¯d·NÅ¥²³­Ó§Oªº»Ý­n¡A¨Ã«ö¥L­Ìªº±¡ªp¬I¥H¤£¦Pªº±Ð¾É¡C­Y«Où¹ï³oÂI¦³»{ÃÑ¡A«h¥L¦b¥»¸`©M¤U¤@¸`ªº¸Ü¡A¥i¯à¦³·Nªí¥Ü¥L¤w°µ¨ì¦¹¨Æ¡C

195 ¡u¦Û¤vªº«Ä¤l¡v©M¡u¦Û¤vªº¨à¤k¡v¦b­ì¤å©Ò¥Îªº¬O¦P¤@­Ó¦Wµü¡Gta heaute{s tekna, tekna heautou.

196 Cf.Best 105-106. Best(Paul 33-34)¤S«ü¥X¡A¤£½×¦bµS¤Ó±Ð©Î¦b§Æù¥@¬É¤¤¡A±Ð¾É¤l¤k¬O¤÷¿Ëªº³d¥ô¡A¥À¿Ë±Ð¾Éªº¹ï¶H«h¬O¸û¦~¥®ªº¤l¤k¡F°Ñ¤W­±µù126¡CBanks(Pual's Idea 176)»{¬°«Où©Ò¥Îªº¼Ò¦¡¬O¤÷/¥À»P¦¨¦~¤l¤k(parent ¢w adult child)¡A¤£¬O¤÷/¥À»P«Äµ£(parent ¢w infant child)ªºÃö«Y¡CµL½×¦p¦ó¡A«Où¤@­±¥H¦Û¤v³ë¬°«H®{ªº¤÷¥À¡A¥t¤@­±¥H¯«³ë¬°«H®{ªº¤Ñ¤÷¡A«eªÌ¨Ó¦Û¥j¥Nªº¼sªx¥Îªk¡A«áªÌ«h´X¥G§¹¥þ¨Ó¦ÛµS¤Ó±Ð¡B­C¿q¤Î¦­´Á°ò·þ±Ðªº±Ð°V¡F«Où±N¨âªÌ¦P®É¥[¥H±Ä¥Î¡A¨Ã¤£Ä±±o­n§â¤GªÌ¦X¦Ó¬°¤@(Best, Paul 38-39, cf. 34-35)¡C·Ó¼Ë¡A¥L¦b¥»¬q¦P®É§Î®e¦Û¤v¬°©«¤Hªº¤÷¥À©M§Ì¥S(7¡B1¡B9¸`)¡A¦Ó¨Ã¤£»{¬°¤GªÌ¤¬¬Û¥Ù¬Þ¡F³o¨â­Ó¤ñ³ë¥Nªíú¦«Où»P¥L±a»âÂk¥DªÌªºÂù­«Ãö«Y :¥L§@¥L­ÌÄÝÆF¤÷¥Àªº¦a¦ì¬O¤@¥ó¥Ã¤£¯à®ø¥¢ªº¾ú¥v¨Æ¹ê¡A¥L»P¥L­Ì¤¬¬°§Ì¥SªºÃö«Y«h¬O¥L·Q­n¥[¥Hµo®iªº¡Aª½¦Ü³o¦¨¬°¥L­Ì¤§¶¡ªº¥D­nÃö«Y¡A¦]¦¹¥L¹ï©ó¤£±o¤£§â¥Lªº§Ì¥S·í§@À¦«Ä¬Ý«Ý¡]ªL«e¤T1¡^ªí¥Ü¿ò¾Ñ¡]Best, Paul 133-134¡^¡C

 

¤G12¡uÄU«j§A­Ì¡A¦w¼¢§A­Ì¡AÅñ©J§A­Ì¡v

¦p¤W¤å«ü¥X¡]¨£¤G11µùÄÀ­º¬q¡^¡A³o¦b­ì¤å¬O¥»¸`ªº­º³¡¥÷¡C­ì¤å¥Îªº¬O¤T­Ó¤Àµü¡A¨ä¥\¥Î¬O¸ÑÄÀº|¥hªº°Êµü¢w¢w¥i¯à¬O¡u±Ð¾É¡v¡]°ÑªL«e¥|14¡A²{¤¤¡^197¢w¢w©Ò«üªº¦æ°Ê¬O¦p¦ó§@¦¨ªº¡F´«¨¥¤§¡A«Où¹ï©«¤Hªº±Ð¾É¡A¬OÂÇú¦³o¤T¼Ë§¹¦¨ªº¡C³o¬O¡uÄU«j¡v¤@µüªº­ì¤å¦b¥»®Ñ©M«á®Ñ¥X²{¤Q¦¸¤¤ªº­º¦¸¡F¦P¦r®Úªº¦Wµü¤w¦b¥»³¹¤T¸`¥X²{¹L¡]¨£¸Ó³BµùÄÀ¡^¡CĶ¬°¡u¦w¼¢¡v¡]²{¤¤¦P¡^ªº­ì¤å¦b·s¬ù¥u¥X²{¥t¤T¦¸¡]¤­14¡F¬ù¤Q¤@11¡B31¢w¢w«á¨â¦¸«üµS¤Ó¤H¶Ç²Î¦¡ªº¤Ý¼¢¡^¡F¦P¦r®Úªº¨â­Ó¦Wµü¦U¥X²{¤@¦¸¡]ªL«e¤Q¥|3¡FµÌ¤G1¡^¡C198Ãö©ó¥»¸`ÀY¨â­Ó¤Àµüªº¸ÑÄÀ¡A¦³ÄÀ¸gªÌ»{¬°²Ä¤@­Ó«üÄU«j¤H¨Ì´`¤@¯S©wªº¸ô½u¥h¦æ¨Æ¬°¤H¡A²Ä¤G­Ó«h«ü¹ªÀy¤HÄ~Äò¦æ¦b©Ò¨Ì´`ªº¸ô½u¤¤¡F¥ç¦³»{¬°²Ä¤@­Óªº·N«ä¬O¡uÄU«j¡v¡A²Ä¤G­Ó«h¬°¡u¦w¼¢¡v¤§·N¡A¯S«ü¦w¼¢¨º¨Ç·P¨ì«ÜÃø¦b¾D¹J¤Ï¹ï¤§¤U¹L°ò·þ®{¥Í¬¡ªº¤H¡F¤S¦³»{¬°²Ä¤@­Ó¬OÅ¢²Î©Êªº¡A²Ä¤G©M²Ä¤T­Ó¬O½T¤Á©Êªº¡A±o¥Xªº·N«ä´N¬O¡G¡uÂÇú¦¹ªÀy©Mĵ§Ù¡A§Ú­ÌÄU«j§A­Ì¡A¦æ¨Æ­n¡K¡K¡v¡C199¥i¬O¡A²Ä¤@©M²Ä¤G­Ó¤Àµü¨ä¹ê³£¦X¨Ö¤FÄU«j©M¦w¼¢ªº·N«ä¡A¦Ó¥B¦b«Oùªº¥ÎªkùØ¡A¥|©~¨ä¤Tªº¡A¤GªÌ¬O³sú¦¥X²{ªº¡]¥»¸`¡FªL«e¤Q¥|3¡FµÌ¤G1¡F¬Æ¦Ü¦b¤­14¡A³o¨â­Óµü¤]¦b¦P¤@¸`ùØ­±¥X²{¡^¡F¦]¦¹¡A¤Gµü¥i¯à¬O¦P¸qªº¡A¥[¤W²Ä¤G­Óµüªº§@¥Î¤]³\¬O±j½Õ¡u¹ªÀy¡v¡]·sĶ¡B«ä°ª¡B·í¸t¡^¤§·N¡C200²Ä¤T­Ó¤Àµü¡uÅñ©J¡vÁöµM¨S¦³¦P¦r®Úªº½Æ¦X°Êµü¡u¤Á¤ÁÅñ©J¡v¡]¥|6¡^¨º»ò±j¡A201¦ý¤´µM§t¦³¡u¦p¦b¨£ÃÒ¤H­±«e´£¥X©IÆ~¡v¤§·N¡F³oµü¦b·s¬ù¥X²{ªº¨ä¾l¥|¦¸¡A¤À§OĶ¬°¡uÃÒ©ú¡v¡B¡u§@¨£ÃÒ¡v¡B¡u¾G­«Án©ú¡v©M¡u½T¹êªº»¡¡v¡]®{¤G¤Q26¡A¤Ü¤»22¡F¥[¤­3¡A·sĶ¡F¥±¥|17¡^¡A¥R¥÷¤Ï¬M³oµü©Ò«üªº¬O¤@ºØÄYµÂªº¦æ°Ê¡C

 

197 enouthetoumen(Lightfoot 28, 29); cf. Best 106: 'counselled'.

198 ¤T­Ó¦r¦b­ì¤å¤À§O¬°¡Gparamytheomai, paramythia, paramythion.

199 ¤À§O¨£¡GLightfoot 29; Morris II 84; Frame 104.

200 Cf. Sta/hlin, TDNT V 820-821, TDNTA 785; Best 106; Bruce 36.

201 ­ì¤å¤À§O¬°¡Gmartyromai, diamartyromai.

 

¡u­n¥s§A­Ì¦æ¨Æ¹ï±o°_¨º¥l§A­Ì¶i¥L°ê¡B±o¥LºaÄ£ªº¯«¡v

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´N¥»¸`¦Ó½×¡A¦³ÄÀ¸gªÌ»{¬°¡u°ê¡v«ü²{¤µªºÄÝÆF°ê«×¡A¦ý¥¦¸û¥i¯à«ü¥½¤éªº°ê«×¡A213¦]¬°¡u°ê©MºaÄ£¡v¦b­ì¤å¥Ñ¤@­Ó«aµü³s°_¨Ó¡A¦Ó¡uºaÄ£¡v¤@µü¡]°Ñ¤G6µùÄÀ¡^¦b«Où®Ñ«H¤¤¥Î¨Ó«ü«H®{±q¯«¦Ó±oªº¤@¶µ®¦ª«®É¡A¨ä·N«äºD±`¬O¥½¤é©Êªº¡]°Ñ©««á¤G14¡Fù¤­2¡A¤K18¡B21¡FªL«á¥|17¡F¦è¤@27b¡A¤T4¡F´£«á¤G10¡^¡A¦]¦¹¡u°ê¡v¥çÀ³¬ÛÀ³¦a¸Ñ¬°¯«°ê¥¼¨Óªº¡B³Ì«á§¹¦¨ªº¶¥¬q¡CŲ©ó¡u°ê¡v©M¡uºaÄ£¡v¦bºÖ­µ®Ñùئü¥G¬O¥æ´«¨Ó¥Î¡]¤ñ¸û¤Ó¤G¤Q21¡u¦b§A°êùØ¡v¤Î¥i¤Q37¡u¦b§AªººaÄ£ùØ¡v¡^¡A¦Ó¥B³oùØ«aµü¥u¥Î¤F¤@¦¸¡A¡uÍ¢ªº°ê©MºaÄ£¡v¥i¯à¬O­«¨¥ªk¡A·N«ä¨ä¹ê¬O¡uÍ¢ºaÄ£ªº°ê«×¡v©Î¡uÍ¢°ê«×ªººaÄ£¡v¡F214µL½×¦p¦ó¡A¡u°ê¡v¦b³oÃãùØ­±¬O«ü¯«¦b¨ä¤¤¬I¦æ²Îªvªº¦a°ì©Î½dÃ¥¡A¦Ó¤£¬O¹³ºÖ­µ®Ñ¤@¨Ç¦a¤è¨º¼Ë¡]¨Ò¦p¡G¤Ó¤»10¡e²{¤¤¡f¡F¸ô¤@33¡e²{¤¤¡f¡A¤Ü¤G29¡e²{¤¤¡B·sĶ¡f¡^¡A«ü¯«ªº²Îªv©Î¡u¥DÅv¡v¡]²{¤¤¡^¡C¥»¸`ªº·N«ä¨Ã¤£¬O»¡¡A©«¤H¦Ü²×¯à§_¶i¤J¯«ªº°ê«×©MºaÄ£¡Aµø¥G¥L­Ì¦æ¨Æ¬°¤H¬O§_¡u°t±o¤W¡v¡]·sĶ¡^¨º¥l¥L­Ìªº¯«¡]­Y¬O³o¼Ë¡A¥L­Ì«K¬O¾Ì¦æ¬°±o±Ï¤F¡^¡F¦ý¥»¸`ªº§t·Nªº½T¬O¡A¥u¦³°t±o¤W¯«ªº¥Í¬¡¦æ¬°¡A¤~¬O¦b¯«ºaÄ£°ê«×¤¤¦X¾Aªº¥Í¬¡¦æ¬°¡C215

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Á`¬A¥»¬q¡]¤G1-12¡^ªº¤º®e¡A§Ú­Ì¥i¥H»¡«Où¦b»é¥¸µS¤Ó¤Hªº·´Á½¤§»Ú¡A¦P®ÉÅã¥Ü¤F¦³®Äªº¶Ç¹D¤u§@ªº¤T­Ó­n¯À¡G216¡]¤@¡^¯u½Tªº«H®§¢w¢w«Où©M¦P¤u©Ò¶Çªº«H®§¡u¤£¬O¥X©ó¿ù»~¡v¡]3a¡^¡A¦Ó¬O¯«°U¥Iµ¹¥L­ÌªººÖ­µ¡]4a¡^¢w¢w¡u¯«ªººÖ­µ¡v¡]2b¡B8b¡B9b¡^¡C¡]¤G¡^¯Â²bªº°Ê¾÷¢w¢w¥L­ÌªºÄU«j¡u¤£¬O¥X©ó¦Ã©¡v¡]3b¡^¡G¡u¤£¬O­n°Q¤H³ßÅw¡v¡]4b¡^¡A¡u¨S¦³ÂÃú¦³g¤ß¡v¡]5b¡^¡A¤]¨S¦³¦V¥ô¦ó¤H¡u¨DºaÄ£¡v¡]6¡^¡F¥L­Ì¶ÇºÖ­µ¬O¦]¬°³Q¯«Å礤¡B¨üÍ¢©e°U¶ÇºÖ­µ¡A¦]¦¹¥L­Ì­n°Q¯«³ßÅw¡]4b¡^¡F¤]¬O¦]¬°³Q·R±À°Ê¡]8¡^¡C¡]¤T¡^¥¿·íªº¤èªk¢w¢w¥L­Ì¶ÇºÖ­µ¡A¨S¦³¥Î¸Þ¶Bªº¤èªk¡]3c¡^¡A¨S¦³¥Î½Ô´Aªº¸Ü¡]5a¡^¡A¡u¤£°Q¦n¤H¡v¡]4b¡A²{¤¤¡^¡A¤£¨D¤HªººaÄ£¡]6¡^¡F¬Û¤Ïªº¡A¥L­Ì©ñ¶}Áx¶q¶Ç¯«ªººÖ­µ¡]2¡^¡A·Óú¦¯«©Ò©e°UªººÖ­µ¨¯¶Ô¦a¡BÀµ¤Á©M©¾¤ß¦a«ÅÁ¿¡]4¡B9¡B11-12¡^¡F¥L­Ì¹ï«Ý«H®{¡A·Å¬X±o¹³¼¾¨|¦Û¤v«Ä¤lªº¥À¿Ë¡]7¡^¡A¼Ö·N¦a¸ò¥L­Ì¤À¨É¦Û¤v¡]8¡^¡A¬°§K¥[­«¥L­Ìªº¸gÀÙ­t¾á¦Ó¦Û¤v±Þ©]§@¤u¡]9¡^¡F¤S¦b¥L­Ì¤¤¶¡¹Lú¦¸t¼ä¡B¤½¸q¡BµL¥i«üºKªº¥Í¬¡¡]10¡^¡C¦b¯A¤Î°Ê¾÷©M¤èªk³o¨â¤è­±¡A¦³¤H¡B¯«¬°ÃÒ¡]1¡B2¡B5¡B9¡B10¡B11¡^¡C«Ü©úÅã¦a¡A«H®§¡B°Ê¾÷©M¤èªk¤TªÌ©¼¦¹²o³s¡A¬Û»²¬Û©Ó¡G«H®§ªº©Ê½è¼vÅT¤F¶Ç¹Dªº°Ê¾÷©M©Ò¥Îªº¤èªk¡A¦Ó«á¤GªÌ¥çÃÒ¹ê³o«H®§¹ê¦b¬O¡u¯«ªººÖ­µ¡v¡C

 

202 ­ì¤å©Ò¥Îªºµ²ºc(eis to + infinitive)³q±`ªí¹F¥Øªº¡A¦ý¦b³oùØ¥ç¥i¯àªí¥Ü¤º²[(cf. MHT 3.143, 1.219)¡F´N¥»¥y¦Ó½×¡A¥Øªº©M¤º²[¹ê½è¤W¬O¬Û¦Pªº¡C°Ñ¤T10µùÄÀ¤Î¨ä¤U¤§µù191¡C

203 peripateo{ ³o¦r¬Û·í©ó§Æ§B¨Ó¤åªºha{lak¤@¦r¡A«áªÌ¦b¬ù¼sªx¦a¥Î¨Ó«ü¹ê»Úªº¦æ¬°¡A¥]¬A¹D¼w¤ÎÆF©Êªº¥Í¬¡¡]¨Ò¦p¡G¸Ö¤@¤@¤E1-3¡^¡C»P¦¹¬ÛÀ³ªº¨Æ¹ê¡A´N¬O°ò·þ±Ð¦b³Ì¦­´Áªº®É­Ô³QºÙ¬°¡u¡]³o¡^¹D¡v¡]®{¤E2¡A¤Q¤E9¡B23¡A¤Ü¤G4¡A¤Ü¥|14¡B22¡^¡C Banks('Paul' 125-126)«h»{¬°¡A«Où¦p¦¹·R¥H¡u¦æ¡]¨«¡^¡v³ë°ò·þ®{ªº¥Í©R¡A¬O¦]¬°¥L¦Û¤v¹ê¦b¨B¦æ«Ü¦h¡A³o¸g¾ú¦V¥L´£¥Ü¦×¨­ªº¦æ¨«»PÄÝÆFªº¦æ¨«¤§¶¡ªº¤ñ¸û¡G¥L¨«¸ô¡]¨B¦æ¡^ªº¨Æ¹ê¦¨¤F¥L»P¯«¦P¦æªº¤ñ³ë¡C

204 axio{s.

205 Marshall 74.¡D

206 ­ì¤å°Êµü¤À§O¥Î¡Gpresent indicative active¡]ªL«e¤Q27¡^, present infinitive passive¡]ªL«e¤Q¤­9¡^, future indicative passive¡]ù¤E7¡B26¡^, ¤Îfuture indicative active¡]ù¤E25¡^of kale{o.

207 ªL«e¤@9¡A¤C18a¡B20¡B21¡B24¡F¥[¤­13¡F¥±¥|1¡B4¡F¦è¤T15¡F´£«e¤»12¡]¥H¤W¥Îaorist indicative¡^¡FªL«e¤C18b¡]¥Îperfect indicative¡^¡FªL«e¤C22¡]¨â¦¸¡A¥Îaorist participle¡^.

208 ¥»¸`¡]©««e¤G12¡^¡A¤­24¡Fù¥|17¡A¤E11¡F¥[¤­8¡]¥H¤W¥Î present participle¡^¡F¥[¤@6¡B15¡F´£«á¤@9¡]¥H¤W¥Î aorist participle¡^¡Fù¤K30¡]¨â¦¸¡^¡A¤E24¡F©««e¥|7¡F©««á¤G14¡]¥H¤W¥Îaorist indicative¡^¡FªL«e¤C15¡B17¡]¥H¤W¥Îperfect indicative¡^.

209 Best 108; Marshall 75; Henneken 44; Collins 290(cf. 239).

210 Bruce 37: kalo{n ¡× timeless participle. Cf. Zerwick 372: kalo{n ¡× the atemporal present of 'characterization(generality)'. Mearns('Eschatological Development' 143-144)»{¬°«Où¥i¯à¬G·N¿ï¥Î³o­Ó®É¦¡¡A¬°­n¦P®É¥]¬A¡u±q«e©I¥l¡A²{¤´©I¥l¡v¨â­Ó·N«ä¡A¥H°t¦X¡u°ê»PºaÄ£¡vªº²{¤µ¡]¤w¹ê²{¡^¤Î±N¨Ó¡]¤~¹ê²{¡^¨â¤è­±ªº·N«ä¡C¦ý¥¿¤å±Ä¯Çªº¸ÑÄÀ¸û¬°¥i¨ú¡A¦]¬°¡G¡]¤@¡^«Où¥Î¹L¥h®É¦¡ªº¹ê¨Æ»y®ð°Êµü©M¹L¥h®É¦¡ªº¤Àµü¨Ó´y¼g¯«©I¥lªº¦æ°Ê¡]°Ñµù208¡^¡A¦ý±q¨Ó¨S¦³¥Î²{¦b®É¦¡ªº¹ê¨Æ»y®ð°Êµü¡A³o´£¥Ü§Ú­Ì¡A«aµü¥[²{¦b®É¦¡ªº¤Àµü³oµ²ºc¡A»P¦Wµü¬Ûµ¥(Lightfoot 29).¡]¤G¡^³o¬O¤@ºØºD¥Îªº§Æþ¤å»yªk¡AÄ´¦p¡A²{¦b®É¦¡ªº¤Àµütiktousaªº·N«ä¬O¡u¥À¿Ë¡v¡A¦Ó¤£¬O¡u¨º²{¦b­n¥Í«Ä¤lªº¡]°ü¤H¡^¡v(Whiteley 45)¡C

211 °Ñµù207¡B208.¯d·N¥u¦³¤­¦¸¥Î²{¦b®É¦¡ªº¤Àµü¡A¦Ó¸Ó¤­¦¸³£¬O©M«aµü³sú¦¥Îªº¡A¬Ûµ¥©ó¦Wµü¡C

212 basileia.

213 ¤À§O¨£¡GEllicott 27a; Lightfoot 30; ¤ÎZerwick 184; Hendriksen 68; Ellingworth - Nida 35; Ladd, Theology 541(cf. 410, 364-365).

214 Whiteley 45('the kingdom of his glory'); Best 109('glorious kingdom'); Ellingworth - Nida 35-36('the glory of his kingdom').

215 C. Best 107.

216 Morris III 1821bºÙ¥»¬q¬°¡u¤@­Óªª®vªº¡y¤â¥U¡z¡v¡C

 

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¤@¨Ç¾ÇªÌ»{¬°¡A¥»¬q¤£ÄÝ«Où­ìµÛ¡A¦Ó¬O¥Ñ«á¨Óªº½sªÌ¥[¶i¥hªº¡C¥Î¨Ó¤ä«ù¦¹»¡ªº²z¥Ñ¥i¤À¬°¥|¤è­±¡G¡]¤@¡^¾ú¥v¤è­±¢w¢w²Ä¤Q¤»¸`¤U¥b¸`»¡¡A¡u¯«ªº©Á«ãÁ{¦b¥L­Ì¨­¤W¡A¤w¸g¨ì¤F·¥³B¡v¡A³o«Ü¥i¯à¬O«ü¥D«á¤C¤Q¦~­C¸ô¼»§N³Q·´ªº¨Æ¥ó¡C¡]¤G¡^»y¨¥¤è­±¢w¢w²Ä¤Q¥|¸`¡u®Äªk¡v¤@µüªº¥Îªk¸ò«Où¨ä¥L¦a¤èªº¥Îªk¨Ã¤£¤@­P¡A¥t¥~¤@¨Çµü»y¡]¨Ò¦p¦P¸`ªº¡uµS¤Ó¤¤¡A°ò·þ­C¿qùØ¡@¯«ªº¡v³o­Ó²Õ¦X¡^¬O¿W¯S©Î¤£´M±`ªº¡A¥»¬q³y¥yªkªº¼Ò¦¡¥ç»P¤W¤U¤å¡]¤@2¦Ü¤G12¡A¤G17¦Ü¤T10¡^©Ò§e²{ªº¼Ò¦¡¤£¦P¡C¡]¤T¡^¤º®e¤è­±¢w¢w«Où¤£¤j¥i¯à·|Á|¥XµS¤Óªº°ò·þ®{§@¬°¥Lªº¥~±Ú¤H±Ð·|ªºº]¼Ë¡]14¸`¡^¡A²Ä¤Q¤­©M¤Q¤»¸`ªº¸ê®Æ¡]±N­C¿qªº¦ºÂk©S©óµS¤Ó¤H¡A§ðÀ»µS¤Ó±Ð¡A¨Ã¿×¯«ªº©Á«ãªºÁ{¦b¤w¦¨²×§½¡^¸ò¨ä¥L«Où®Ñ«Hªº«ä·Q¤£²Å¡A²Ä¤Q¤»¸`¤U¥b¸`¤×¨äÃø»Pù°¨®Ñ¤Q¤@³¹¤G¤Q¤­¡B¤G¤Q¤»¸`¤¬¬Û¨ó½Õ¡C¡]¥|¡^®æ¦¡¤è­±¢w¢w²Ä¤Q¤C¸`«Ü¦ÛµM¦a³s©ó²Ä¤Q¤G¸`¡A¦]¦¹¥»¬q¯}Ãa¤F³oºØ¦ÛµMªº«ä¸ô¡F¦Ó¥B²Ä¤Q¤T¸`¦A¥Î¡u§Ú­Ì·PÁ¡v¤@µü¡A¨Ï¥»®ÑÅܦ¨¦³¨â¬q·P®¦ªº¸Ü¡A¦ý­Y¥»¬q¬O´¡¤Jªº¡A³o«Ê«H«K§e²{¤F§¹¥þ¥¿±`ªº®æ¦¡¡]¨÷­º»y¡A¤@1¡F·P®¦¡A¤@2-10¡F¨Ï®{ªº¦ÛÅG¡A¤G1-12¡F¨Ï®{ªºÁ{¦b¡A¤G17-¤T13¡FÄU«j¡A¥|1-¤­22¡Fµ²»y¡A¤­23-28¡^¡C³o¨Ç²z¥Ñ¨Ï¤@¨Ç¾ÇªÌ¬Û«H¡A¥»¬q¬O¥D«á¤C¤Q¦~«á¤@¦ì§@ªÌ´¡¤J«Où­ì«H¤ºªº¡A¨ä¥Øªº¬O­n±j½Õ©Ò¦³ªº°ò·þ®{¦p¤µ¤wÁp¦¨¤@­Ó¹ï§ÜµS¤Ó¤Hªº°}½u¡AÂǦ¹¹ªÀy¦b¹G­¢¤¤ªºÅªªÌ¡C1

¦ý¤W­zªº²z¥Ñ¨Ã¤£¬O¨M©w©Êªº¡C¨Ò¦p¡A²Ä¤Q¤»¸`¤U¥b¸`¤£¥²¸Ñ¬°«ü­C¸ô¼»§N³Q·´¬O¤wµo¥Íªº¨Æ¡F¦b»y¨¥©M¤º®e¤è­±¡A¥»¬q¥i¯à¥Î¤F¤@¨Ç¶Ç²Î©M¤½¦¡ªº¸ê®Æ¡A¥»¬q»Pù°¨®Ñ¤E¦Ü¤Q¤@³¹ªí­±¤Wªº½Ä¬ð¤]¤£¬OµLªk¸ÑÄÀªº¡]¨£¤G16µùÄÀ¥½¬q¡^¡F¦Ü©ó®æ¦¡¤è­±¡A§Ú­Ì¨S¦³²z¥Ñ»{¬°«Oùªº¨C¤@«Ê«H³£¥²¶·¤@¦¨¤£Åܦa¨Ì·Ó¤@ºØ¯S©wªº®æ¦¡ºc¦¨¡A¦Ó¥B§¹¥þ¨S¦³¥ô¦ó§Û¥»¬O¯Ê¤Ö¥»¬qªº¡A¦]¦¹¥»¬q¬°´¡¤J¬q³oºØ¬Ýªk¯Ê¥F§Û¥»ÃÒ¾Úªº¤ä«ù¡C2¤U¤å±N±q¥»¬q¬°«Où­ì«H¤@³¡¥÷ªº¥ß³õ¨Ó¸ÑÄÀ¡C

 

1 Cf. B.A. Pearson, as reported in NTA ¡±15(1971)-961 and cited in Collins 104-105; Schmidt, 'Linguistic Evidence'(esp. 273-276); Boers, 'Form Critical Study' 152, 158(cf. Collins 113); Roetzel, Letters of Paul 107; Keck, Paul 15, 38. ³Ì«á¤@¦ì§@ªÌ»{¬°´¡¤J³¡¥÷¬O¤G14-16¡CÃö©ó©««e¤G13-16¬°´¡¤Jªº¸Ü¦¹¤@¬Ýªk¡A¸Ô°ÑCollins 97-114.

2 Cf. R. Schippers, as reported in NTA¡±11(1967)-816; Okeke, 'Fate'(esp. 135-136); J. Coppens, as reported in NTA ¡±21(1977)-182; Marshall 11-12; Collins 129-135; Martin, Foundations 2. 162-163; Davies, Studies 125; Bruce, Paul 167 n.23¡D¦ý³Ì«á¤@¦ì¾ÇªÌ¦b¨äµùÄÀ®Ñ¤¤(48-49)¥çªí¥ÜÃhºÃ²Ä15-16¸`¨Ã«D«Où©Ò¼g¡CJ.C. Hurd(IDBS 900a)»{¬°¤@2¦Ü¤G16¤@¬q§e²{ABA ªºµ²ºc¡]¤@2-10·P®¦¡A¤G13-16¦A¦¸·P®¦¡A¤G1-12¬°©~¶¡ªº¤@¬q¡^¡A¦]¦¹¤G13-16¸ò¤@2-10¦³¬Û¦ü¤§³B¡A¨Ã¤£ªí¥Ü¤G13-16¬O¼±¥é¤§§@¡A¤Ï¦Óªí¥Ü¥¦¬O­ìµÛªº¤@³¡¥÷¡C

 

¤@¡@©«¤H¹ïºÖ­µªº¦^À³¡]¤G13-14¡^

13¬°¦¹¡A§Ú­Ì¤]¤£¦íªº·PÁ¡@¯«¡A¦]§A­ÌÅ¥¨£§Ú­Ì©Ò¶Ç¡@¯«ªº¹D¡A´N»â¨ü¤F¡F¤£¥H¬°¬O¤Hªº¹D¡A¤D¥H¬°¬O¡@¯«ªº¹D¡C³o¹D¹ê¦b¬O¡@¯«ªº¡A¨Ã¥B¹B¦æ¦b§A­Ì«H¥Dªº¤H¤ß¤¤¡C

14§Ì¥S­Ì¡A§A­Ì´¿®ÄªkµS¤Ó¤¤¡A¦b°ò·þ­C¿qùØ¡@¯«ªº¦U±Ð·|¡A¦]¬°§A­Ì¤]¨ü¤F¥»¦a¤Hªº­W®`¡A¹³¥L­Ì¨ü¤FµS¤Ó¤Hªº­W®`¤@¼Ë¡C

 

¤G13¡u¬°¦¹¡A§Ú­Ì¤]¤£¦íªº·PÁ¡@¯«¡v

¥»¥y¬O«Où¦A¦¸·P®¦ªº¶}©l¡A¦Ó¤£¶È­«½Æ©Î©µÄò¤F²Ä¤@¦¸ªº·P®¦¡]¤@2-10¡^¡A¦]¬°¡]¤@¡^¥»¥y­ì¤å¶}­ºªº¤»­Ó¦r¤ñ¤@³¹¤G¸`ªº¡u§Ú­Ì¡K¡K·PÁ¡v¤@µü±j¦h¤F¡A3¬G¨ä¥\¥Î¤£¥i¯à¶È¬O§â«ä·Q±a¦^¨ì¸Ó³BªºÃD¥Ø¤W¡F¡]¤G¡^¤G³¹¤@¦Ü¤Q¤G¸`ªº¦ÛÅG³¡¥÷¬OÄݩ󦹫Hªº¤@¬q¡A¦Ó¤£¥u¬O¤@µfÃD¥~ªº¸Ü¡F¡]¤T¡^¥»¬q´£¥X¨âÂI¡A¬O²Ä¤@¦¸·P®¦¨S¦³´£¤Îªº¡G©«¤H»â¨üºÖ­µ¬°¯«ªº¹D¡A¥L­Ì¨ü±wÃø¹³µS¤Óªº°ò·þ®{¤@¼Ë¡C4¡u¤£¦íªº¡v©Î¡u¤£Â_¦a¡v¡]«ä°ª¡^³o°Æµü¤w¦b¤@³¹¤T¸`¡]­ì¤å¬°¤@2¡^¥X²{¹L¡F³oµü¦b¤@¥÷ù°¨®É¥Nªº»Z¯ó¯È¤åÄm¤¤¥Î¨Ó§Î®e«y¹Â¡A5«ü«y­Ó¡u¤£°±¡v¡C«ö­ì¤åªº¦¸§Ç¡A¡u¤]¡v¦r¬O§Î®e¡u§Ú­Ì¡vªº¡A¡u§Ú­Ì¤]¡vªº·N«ä§Y¬O¡u¤£¦ý§A­Ì¡K¡K§Ú­Ì¤]¡v¡F³oºØÁ¿ªkªº§t·N´N¬O¡A©«¤H´¿¹ï«Où»¡¡]¤]³\¬O¦b¥L­Ì°U´£¼¯¤Ó¥æµ¹«Oùªº¤@«Ê«H¤W¡A©Î¬O¤fÀYÂà¹Fªº«H®§ùØ¡^¡A¡u§Ú­Ì·PÁ¯«¡A¦]§A­Ì§âºÖ­µ¶Çµ¹§Ú­Ì¡v¡A¦Ó«Où«h¦b³oùئ^À³»¡¡A¡u§Ú­Ì¤]¤£¦íªº·PÁ¯«¡A¦]§A­Ì±µ¨ü¤F§Ú­Ì©Ò¶ÇªººÖ­µ¡v¡C6¦ý³o­Ó¡u¤]¡v¦r©ó¤T³¹¤­¸`¦b¦P¼Ëªºµ²ºc¤¤¡]§Y¬Oµù3ªº²Ä¤G¦Ü²Ä¥|­Ó§Æþ¦r¡^¥X²{¡A¦Ó¦b¸Ó³B¤£¥i¯à¦³¤W­zªº§t·N¡A¦]¦¹¡A¥i¯à¸û¦nªº¸ÑÄÀ¬O»{¬°¡u¤]¡v¦r¨ä¹ê¨Ã¤£¬O§Î®e¡u§Ú­Ì¡v¡A¦Ó¬O§Î®e¡u·PÁ¡v©Î§Î®e¾ã¥y¡A7±o¥Xªº·N«ä«K¬O¡G¡u¬°¦¹¡A§Ú­Ì¹ê¦b·PÁ¯«¡v©Î¡u§Ú­Ì¹ê¦b¬°¦¹·PÁ¯«¡v¡]§Y¬O¡u¤]¡v¦r¦³±j½Õ§@¥Î¡^¡C¤£¹L¡A¥Ñ©ó¦³Ãöªº¨º¤T­Ó§Æþ¦r¦n¹³¬O¤@ºØ©w¤F«¬ªºµ²ºc¡]°£¥»¸`¤Î¤T5¥~¡A¥ç¨£©ó¥±¤@15¤Î¦è¤@9¡^¡A¥i¯à³Ì¦nªº°µªk¬O±N¡u¤]¡v¬Ý¬°§Î®e¡u¬°¦¹¡v¡A§Y¬O±j½Õ¨º­Ó­ì¦]¡A±o¥Xªº·N«ä«K¬O¡G¡u§Ú­Ì·PÁ¯«¡A¥¿¬O¬°¤F³o­Ó½t¬G¡v¡C8

 

¦ý¡u³o½t¬G¡v¡]·sĶ¡^¬O«ü¤W¤å§í¤U¤å¡H¤@¨ÇÄÀ¸gªÌ»{¬°¬O«ü¤U¤å¡u¦]§A­Ì¡K¡K¡v¤@¥y©Òªí¹Fªº¨Æ¹ê¡C9¥i¬O¡A¡u¬°¦¹¡v¤@»y¦b«Où®Ñ«H¥t¥~¥X²{¤F¤G¤Q¤@¦¸¡A¥u¦³¤@¦¸¡]ªù15¡^²M·¡«ü¤U¤å¡A¨ä¾lªº¤G¤Q¦¸¤j³£²M·¡«ü¤W¤å¡]¥]¬A¤T5¡B7¡F©««á¤G11¡^10©Î¦Ü¤Ö¥i¯à¬O«ü¤W¤å¡]ªL«á¤Q¤T10¡F´£«e¤@16¡F´£«á¤G10¡^¡F11´«¨¥¤§¡A«Où³q±`ªº¥Îªk¹ï§Ú­Ì´£¥Ü¡A°£«D¤å²z²M·¡Åã¥Ü¡u¬°¦¹¡v¬O«ü¤U¤å¡A§_«h§Ú­ÌÀ³¦b¤W¤å§ä´M¡u¦¹¡v¦r©Ò«üªº¬O¬Æ»ò¡C12¦b³o¤j«eÃD¤§¤U¡A¥i¯à³Ì¦nªº¸ÑÄÀ´N¬O¡u³o½t¬G¡v«ü«Où©M¦P¤u¦p¦ó¦b©««°¶Ç¹D¡G¥L­Ì¬°¤F©«¤H¦Ó¥I¥Xªº·R©M³Ò­W¡A¨Ï¥L­Ì¹ï©«¤HÂk¥Dªº¨Æ¹ê­¿¼W·P®¦ªº¤ß¡]¨Ã¹ï¥L­Ì¦b±wÃø¤¤¤´µM¯¸¥ß±oíªº¨Æ¹ê­¿·P³ß¼Ö¡G°Ñ19-20¸`¡A¤T8-9¡^¡C13

 

3 ¤ñ¸û¡Gkai dia touto kai he{meis eucharistoumen©Meucharistoumen.

4 Bruce 43; Ellingworth-Nida 37-38.

5 MM 9(s.v. adialeiptos).

6 Bruce 44; Mearns, 'Eschatological Development' 146, 150; Lake, Earlier Epistles  87

7 BDF 442(12); Zerwick 462; O'Brien, Thanksgivings 154.

8 Cf. Marshall 77. Idiom 167ªº·NĶ('that is in fact [kai] why we give thanks')¤ä«ù³o­Ó¸ÑÄÀ¡F¦ý§@ªÌ¦b¨ä¸ÑÄÀ¤¤«h¿×¡u¤]¡v¦r¬O§Î®e°Êµü¡u·PÁ¡vªº¡C

9 Bruce 44; Boers, 'form Critical Study' 151.

10 ¦¹¥~¨£¡Gù¤@26¡A¥|16¡A¤­12¡A¤Q¤T6¡A¤Q¤­9¡FªL«e¥|17¡A¤Q¤@10¡B30¡FªL«á¥|1¡A¤C13¡F¥±¤@15¡A¤­17¡A¤»13¡F¦è¤@9¡C

11 ¦b³o¤T¸`¸g¤åÁ¸¡Adia touto¤§«á¬Ò¦³hina - clauseÀHú¦¡C

12 Cf. Frame 107¡F§@ªÌ¿×¡u¬°¦¹¡v¤@ÃãÁ`¬O«ü¤W¤å¡A¾¨ºÞ¨ä«á¦³¸É¥R©Îªþ¥[ªº­ì¦]´£¥X¨Ó¡C

13 Lightfoot 30; Findlay 50-51; Erdman 42.

 

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¡u±µ¨ü¡v¡]·í¸t¡^ªº­ì¤å19¬O©M¡u»â¨ü¡v¡]¨£µù15¡^¤£¦Pªº¦r¡A³o´N¤Þ°_¤F¤@­Ó°ÝÃD¡G¤G¦r¬O§_¦P¸qµü¡A§í©Î¦³¤£¦Pªº·N«ä¡H¡]¤@¡^¤@¨ÇÄÀ¸gªÌ»{¬°¡A¡u»â¨ü¡v«ü¥~¦bªº¦æ°Ê¡A¡u±µ¨ü¡v«h«ü¤º¤ßªº¦æ°Ê¡F©Î¿×¡u»â¨ü¡v«ü¥~¦bªº¦æ°Ê¡A¡u±µ¨ü¡v«h¦³Åwªïªº·N«ä¡C20¤£¹L¡A¡u»â¨ü¡v¶È«ü¥~¦bªº¦æ°Ê³o­Ó»¡ªk¤£¯à¦¨¥ß¡A¦]¬°³oµüªº­ì¤å¦b«Où®Ñ«H¥t¥~¥Î¤F¤Q¦¸¡A°£¤F¤@¦¸¦³«D±Mªù©Ê·N¸q¥~¡A¨ä¾l¤E¦¸³£¬O­Ó±Mªù©Ê¥Î»y¡A«ü±µ¨ü±Ð·|ªº¶Ç²Î±Ð°V¡]¸Ô¨£¶¾¡G¡uµÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ¡v 454¡^¡F¦b³o¥Îªk¤W¡A¡u»â¨ü¡v¤£¥i¯à¤£¥]¬A¤º¤ß±µ¨ü¤§·N¡C¡]¤G¡^¥t¤@¨ÇÄÀ¸gªÌ«h»{¬°¤G¦r¬°¦P¸qµü¡A¦b·N«ä¤W«ÜÃø¬Ý¥X¨ä¶¡¦³¦ó¤À§O¡C21¤£¹L¡A¡u±µ¨ü¡v¤@µüªº­ì¤å¦b«Où®Ñ«H¡]¦@¤Q¤T¦¸¡^ªº¥Îªk¡A¨¬¥HÅã¥Ü¦¹µü»P¡u»â¨ü¡v¤§¶¡¤@¶µ­«­nªº¤À§O¡G¡u»â¨ü¡v¤j­P¤W¬O­Ó±Mªù¥Î»y¡A«ü»â¨ü±Ð·|ªº¶Ç²Î±Ð°V¡A¦ý¡u±µ¨ü¡v«h¥i¥H«ü³\¦h¤£¦Pªº¨Æ±¡¢w¢w»â¨ü¯«ªº¹D©ÎºÖ­µ¡]¤@6¡A¥»¸`¡F°Ñ¸ô¤K13¡F®{¤K14¡A¤Q¤@1¡A¤Q¤C11¡F¶®¤@21¡^¡B¯«ªº®¦¨å¡]ªL«á¤»1¡^¡BÄÝÆFªº¨Æ¡]ªL«e¤G14¡^¥H¤Î·R¯u²zªº¤ß¡]©««á¤G10¡^¡A±µ¨ü¥t¤@­Ó¡uºÖ­µ¡v¡]ªL«á¤Q¤@4¡^¡B¨Ï®{ªºÄU§i¡]ªL«á¤K17¡^©Î±Ð·|ªºÃJÃØ¡]µÌ¥|18¡^¡A±µ«Ý«Où©M¥Lªº¦P¤u¡]¥[¥|14¡FªL«á¤C15¡F¦è¥|10¡^¡A§â«Où·í§@·M¦k¤H¨Ó±µ¯Ç¥L¡]ªL«á¤Q¤@16¡^¡A¥H¤Î¡uÀ¹¤W¡v±Ï®¦§@¬°ÀY²¯¡]¥±¤»17¡^¡C¡]¤T¡^¹ï¤Gµü¦b¥»¸`ªº¥Îªk³Ì¦nªº¸ÑÄÀ¥i¯à¬O³o¼Ë¡G¡u»â¨ü¡v«ö¨ä³q±`±Mªù©Ê·N¸q«ü»â¨üªº¦æ°Ê¡]¥]¬A¥~¦b©M¤º¦b¨â¤è­±¡^¡A¡u±µ¨ü¡v«h¶i¤@¨B¯S§O«ü¥X©«¤H­Ó¤Hªº¨M©w¥h±µ¨ü©ÒÅ¥¨£ªº¹D¡C22

±µú¦ªº¤@¥y¦b­ì¤å¨ÃµL¡u¥H¬°¬O¡v©Î¡u®³¥¦·í¡v¡]«ä°ª¡^µ¥¦r¡A¦]¦¹¦³ÄÀ¸gªÌ»{¬°«Oùªº¥Î·N¤£¬O­n»¡©ú©«¤H¦p¦ó¬Ý¥L­Ì©ÒÅ¥¨£ªº¹D¡A¦Ó¬O­n«ü¥X³o¹ê¦b¬O¬Æ»ò¡F23´«¨¥¤§¡A­ì¤åÀ³Ä¶¬°¡G¡u·í§A­Ì¡K¡K»â¨ü¡K¡K¯«ªº¹Dªº®É­Ô¡A§A­Ì¤£¬O±µ¨ü¤F¤Hªº¸Ü¡A¦Ó¬O±µ¨ü¤F¯«ªº¹D¡v¡C¦ý¬O¡A¡u·í§A­Ì»â¨ü¯«ªº¹D®É¡A§A­Ì¬O±µ¨ü¤F¯«ªº¹D¡v³oºØÁ¿ªk¡AÅãµM¬O¤@ºØÂØ­z¡A¦Ó¥BÀH«áªº¡u³o¹D¹ê¦b¬O¯«ªº¡v¤@¥y¤]¦P¼ËÅܦ¨¦h¾lªº¡A¦]¦¹¡u¤£¥H¬°¬O¤Hªº¹D¡A¤D¥H¬°¬O¡@¯«ªº¹D¡v³oĶªk¤~¥¿½T¦a¤Ï¬M­ì¤åªº·N«ä¡A¥ç°ß¦³³o­Ó·N«ä¤~²Å¦X¤å²zªº­n¨D¡C24¥Ñ©ó¯«ªº¹D¬O¥Î¤Hªº¨¥»y«ÅÁ¿¥X¨Ó¡A¦]¦¹¦³¥i¯à³QÅ¥ªÌ±N¥¦»P¤Hªº¹D²V¬°¤@½Í¡F«Où·PÁ¯«ªº­ì¦]¡A´N¬O©«¤HÅ¥¨ì¥L©Ò¶ÇªººÖ­µ®É¡A¨S¦³§â¥¦¬Ý§@¤Hªº¹D¦Ó¤w¡A¦Ó¬O«ö¨Æ¹ê§â¥¦±µ¨ü¬°¯«ªº¹D25¢w¢w§Y¬O¥H¯«ªº¹D©ÒÀ³±oªº´L·q©M¶¶±q§â¥¦±µ¨ü¹L¨Ó¡C

 

14 ¡u¦]¡v¦r­ì¤åhoti¥ç¥iĶ¬°'that'(RV, RSV, NASB)¡F­Y¦p¦¹Â½Ä¶¡A³o¦r¥i¯à¬O¸ÑÄÀ¡u¬°¦¹¡v¤@Ã㪺¡u¦¹¡v¦r¡]¦ý¤W¤å¤w«ü¥X¡u¦¹¡v¦r¥i¯à¨Ã«D«ü¨ä¤U¤å¡^¡A©Î¬Oªí¥Ü·PÁªº¤º®e¡]¦ý·PÁªº¤º®e¤]´N¬O·PÁªº­ì¦]¡^¡C

15 paralabontes ¡× temporal participle(aorist of coincident action).

16 logon akoe{s.µü¦b·s¬ù¥t¥~¥u¥X²{¤@¦¸¡]¨Ó¥|2¡^¡A¦b¤C¤Q¤hĶ¥»¥u¨£©ó¶Ç¹D¸g¥|¤Q¤@26¡C

17 ¤£¹L¡A¥»¸`¨S¦³¥Î«aµü¡]¨£¤Wµù¡^¡A¨Ó¥|2«h¦³(ho logos tes akoes).¨âªÌ¬Ò²Å¦X©Ò¿× Apollonius' canonªº³W©w¡F¦¹ÂI¨£Idiom 114-115¡A¯S§O¯d·N§@ªÌ©Ò«ü¥XªºÅܤơC

18 ¦]¦¹¡AMoffatt 28b·P¨ì¨ü¡u¸Õ±´¡v­n§â¥¦µø¬°§ÛªÌ©Ò¥[ªºµùÄÀ¡C

19 edexasthe.

20 ¤À§O¨£¡GEllicott 28a; Frame 107(also Hendriksen 69). Beker(Paul 123)«h§â¤G¦r¬Ý¬°¤À§Oªí¹F'the two moments within the one process of coming to faith, that is, reception and acceptance(¡× appropriation)'.

21 Moore 43; Marshall 77.

22 Cf. Henneken 53-54; Cranfield, '1 Thessalonians 2' 216.

23 Ellicott 28.

24 Cf. Lightfoot 31; CranfieId, '1 Thessalonians 2' 216.«áªÌ¤S«ü¥X¡A¥Î°Êµü¡u»â¨ü¡v©M¨â­Óª½±µ¨ü®æªºµü¨Óªí¹F¡u±µ¨ü¡v¡]¥Ò¡^¬°¡]¤A¡^¡v¤§·N¡A¦³¥L¨Ò¥i´©¡C

25 Henneken 50; B. Klappert, NIDNTT III 1112.

 

¡u¨Ã¥B¹B¦æ¦b§A­Ì«H¥Dªº¤H¤ß¤¤¡v

¥»¥y¶}­º­ì¤å©Ò¥ÎªºÃö«Y¥N¦Wµü¡A²z½×¤W¥i«ü¡u¯«¡v©Î¡u¹D¡v¡A¦]¦¹¥»¥y¦b²{¥N¤¤¤åĶ¥»Â½¦¨¡u¤W«Ò¦b§A­Ì«Hªº¤H·í¤¤¤u§@¡v¡A¦b·sĶ¥»«h½¦¨¡u³o¹D¤]¹B¦æ¦b§A­Ì«Hªº¤HùØ­±¡v¡C«áªÌ¸û¬°¥i¨ú¡A¦]¬°¡]¤@¡^¥»¸`ªº­«ÂI¬O¦b©«¤H»â¨ü¤F¯«ªº¹D¡A¤£¬O¦b¯«¥»¨­¡F¡]¤G¡^³o¹D³QÅ¥¨£¡A³Q±µ¨ü¡A¤S¦b©«¤Hªº¥Í©R¤¤µo¥Í¥\®Ä¢w¢w³o¬O­Ó¦ÛµMªº¦¸§Ç¡F¡]¤T¡^¦b«Où®Ñ«HùØ¡A­Y¡u¹B¦æ¡v¤@µüªº¥Dµü¬O¡u¯«¡v¡A³o°ÊµüÁ`¬O¥Î¥D°Ê®æ¦¡ªº¡]ªL«e¤Q¤G6¡F¥[¤G¥s¡e¨â¦¸¡f¡A¤T5¡F¥±¤@11¡B20¡FµÌ¤G13¡C¡^¡A¦ý¥»¸`ªº°Êµü¬O³Q°Ê®æ¦¡ªº¡C26¡u¨Ã¥B¡v©Î¡u¤]¡v¦r«ü¥X³o¹Dªº¥t¤@­Ó©Ê½è¡G¥¦¤£¶È¬O¡u¯«ªº¡v¡A¦Ó¥B¡u¦b§A­Ì«HªÌ¨­¤Wµo¥Í¡K¡K®Ä¤O¡v¡]«ä°ª¡^¡C¡u¹B¦æ¡v¤@µüªº­ì¤å¦b·s¬ù¦@¥Î¤F¤G¤Q¤@¦¸¡A«Où®Ñ«H¦û¤Q¤K¦¸¡F¨ä¤¤¤Q¤@¦¸¬O¥D°Ê®æ¦¡¡A¥Dµü¤À§O¬O¡G¯«¡]¨£¤W¤å¡^¡B¯«ÂÝ¡]¤Ó¤Q¥|12¡F¥i¤»14¡^¡B¸tÆF¡]ªL«e¤Q¤G11¡^¤Î«H®{¡]µÌ¤G13b¡^¡C¨ä¾l¤Q¦¸«h¬°³Q°Ê®æ¦¡¡A¥Dµü¤À§O¬°¡G¯«ªº¹D¡]¥»¸`¡^¡B¯«ªº¦w¼¢¡]ªL«á¤@6¡^¡B¯«ªº¯à¤O¡]¥±¤T20¡F¦è¤@29¡^¡B«H¤ß¡]¥[¤­6¡^¡B¸q¤HªºÃ«§i¡]¶®¤­6¡^¡B¡u¤£ªkªºÁô·N¡v¡]©««á¤G7¡^¡B¨¸ÆF¡]§Y¬O¼»¥¹¡A¥±¤G2¡^¡B¸o´cªº±¡¼¤¡]ù¤C5¡^¡A¥H¤Î¦º¡]ªL«á¥|12¡^¡C³o¨Ç³Q°Ê®æ¦¡¥i¯à³¡¥÷¬O³Q°ÊÅéºA¡A¦ý§ó¥i¯à¥þ¬OÃö¨­ÅéºA¡A27§Y¬O¦³¥D°Ê¦Ó«D³Q°Êªº·N«ä¡]°Ñ¶¾¡G¡u¯u²z¡v 302-303¡A³sµù71¡^¡C28³o¹D¡u¹B¦æ¦b§A­Ì«H¥Dªº¤H¤ß¤¤¡vªº§t·N¡A´N¬OÁöµM¡u¯«ªº¹D¡K¡K¬O¦³¥\®Äªº¡v¡]¨Ó¥|12¡^¡A29¦ý­YÅ¥ªÌ¤£¥Î«H¤ß±µ¨ü¡A³o¹D¤´¬O»P¥L­ÌµL¯qªº¡]¨Ó¥|2¡^¡C´N©«¤H¨Ó»¡¡A¯«ªº¹D´¿¨Ï¥L­Ì¡uÂ÷±ó°¸¹³¡AÂk¦V¡@¯«¡A­nªA¨Æ¨º¤S¯u¤S¬¡ªº¡@¯«¡v¡]¤@9¡^¡A³o¯à±Ï¥L­ÌÆF»îªº¹D¡]¶®¤@21¡^ÁÙ­nÄ~Äò30«Ø¥ß¥L­Ì¡A¥s¥L­Ì©M¤@¤Á¦¨¸tªº¤H¦P±o°ò·~¡]®{¤G¤Q32¡^¡C

«Où¦b¥»¸`¥i»¡·t·t¦a¦A¦¸»é¥¸¤F·´Á½ªÌ¹ï¥Lªº¤@¶µ«ü±±¡A§Y¬O»¡¥L©Ò¶Çªº«H®§¨Ã«D¨Ó¦Û¯«¡]°Ñ3-4¸`¡^¡G¥Lº¡¤ß·PÁªº«ü¥X¡A©«¤H§â¥L©Ò¶ÇªººÖ­µ·í¯«ªº¹D±µ¨ü¹L¨Ó¡A¨Ã¥B³o¹D¦b¥L­Ìªº¥Í©R¤¤µo¥Í¥\®Ä¡AÃÒ©ú¡u³o¹D¹ê¦b¬O¡@¯«ªº¡v¡C«Où¦b¨ä¶Ç¹D¥Í²P¤¤¹ï¸Ó¶µ«ü±±®í¤£­¯¥Í¡A¥¦¤£¶È¨Ó¦Û¤£«H¥DªºµS¤Ó¤H¡]¦p¦b©««°¡^¡A¥ç¨Ó¦Û¤@¨ÇµS¤Ó¥D¸qªÌ¡A§Y¬O±R©|«ßªkªºµS¤Ó°ò·þ®{¡]¦p¦b¥[©Ô¤Ó¡^¡A¦]¦¹©«¤H¹ïºÖ­µªº¿n·¥¦^À³¢w¢w¥H¥¦¬°¡u¯«ªº¹D¡v¨Ó±µ¨ü¢w¢w¹ï¥L¬O¯S§O¦³¹ªÀy§@¥Îªº¡C

 

26 ¨â­Ó®æ¦¡¤À§O¬°¡Genergeo{, energeomai.

27 ³Q°Ê®æ¦¡ ¡× passive form¡F³Q°ÊÅéºA ¡× passive voice¡FÃö¨­ÅéºA ¡× middle voice.

28 Cf. also G. Bertram TDNT II 654.

29 energe{s-»Penergeo{ /energeomai¦P¦r®Úªº§Î®eµü¡C

30 ¡u¹B¦æ¡v­ì¤å¬O²{¦b®É¦¡ªº°Êµü¡Aªí¥Ü¯«ªº¹D¡uµo¥Í¡K¡K®Ä¤O¡v¬O¦b¶i¦æ¤¤ªº¨Æ¡C¡u«H¡v¦r¦b­ì¤å¬O²{¦b®É¦¡ªº¤Àµü¡A»P«aµü³s¥Îµ¥©ó¦Wµü¡u«H®{¡v¡]°Ñ¤G10¡A¤@7¡^¡A¨ä§t·N¦ÛµM¬O¡G©«¤H²{¦b¤´µM¬O«H¥Dªº¡C

 

¤G14¡u§Ì¥S­Ì¡A§A­Ì´¿®ÄªkµS¤Ó¤¤¡A¦b°ò·þ­C¿qùØ¡@¯«ªº¦U±Ð·|¡v

¥»¥y­ì¤å¶}©l®É¦³¡u¦]¬°¡v¤@¦r¡Aªí¥Ü¥»¸`´£¥Xªº¨Æ¹ê¡AÃÒ©ú©«¤H¹ê¦b±µ¨ü¤F¯«ªººÖ­µ¡F²z½×¤W¡A¥»¸`¥ç¥i³Q¬Ý¬°ÃÒ©ú¤W¤@¸`³Ì«á¤@¥y¸Ü¡A§Y¬O¯«ªº¹D¦b©«¤H¨­¤Wµo¥Í¥\®Ä¡A31¦ý¸Ó¥y¥u¬O¤l¥y¡A±N¥»¥y³s©ó¤W¤@¸`ªº¥D¥y§ó¯à¨Ï¤å·N¤@®ð¨þ¦¨¡]¡u§A­Ì¡K¡K»â¨ü¤F¡K¡K¦]¬°§A­Ì´¿®Äªk¡K¡K¡v¡^¡C«Où¿Ë¤Á¦aºÙ©IŪªÌ¬°¡u§Ì¥S­Ì¡v¡]²Ä¥|¦¸¡G°Ñ¤@4µùÄÀ¡^¡A¥i¯à¬O­n¦b´£¤Î¥L­Ì¾D¨ü¹G­¢ªº¨Æ¹ê¤§»Ú¡A¦P®ÉªíÅS¥L¨º·P¦P¨­¨ü¤§±¡¡C¡u§A­Ì¡v¦b­ì¤å¬O±j½Õ®æ¦¡ªº¥N¦Wµü¡A·N«ä¥i¯à¬O¡u§A­Ì³o¨Ç»â¨ü¤F¯«ªº¹Dªº¤H¡v¡F«ö·Ó·s¬ùªº±Ð°V¡A¨ü¹G­¢¬O±µ¨üºÖ­µªº¦ÛµMµ²ªG¡A¤GªÌ¦³¦p§Î¼v¬ÛÀH¡]¨Ò¦p¡G¤T3¡FµÌ¤@29¡F´£«á¤T12¡F¥i¤Q29-30¡F¬ù¤Q¤­18¡B20¡^¡A¦]¦¹¡u§A­Ì³o¨Ç»â¨ü¤F¯«ªº¹Dªº¤H¡v¦ÛµM¦¨¬°¹G­¢ªº¹ï¶H¡]¥»¸`¤U¥b¡^¡C¡u§A­Ì´¿®Äªk¡v­ì¤åª½Ä¶¬O¡u§A­Ì¦¨¬°®ÄªkªÌ¡v¡F³oÃã¤w¦b¤@³¹¤»¸`¥X²{¹L¡C±q¤U¥b¸`¬Ý¨Ó¡A³o¸Üªº·N«ä¦ü¥G¬O¡G¡u§A­Ìªº¾D¹J¸ò¡K¡K©Ò¾D¹J¨ìªº¤@¼Ë¡v¡]²{¤¤¡F°Ñ·sĶ¡B«ä°ª¡^¡F´«¨¥¤§¡A¡u®ÄªkªÌ¡v¦b¥»¸`ªº·N«ä¡]¦p¦b¤@6¤@¼Ë¡^¡A¤£¬O¦Ûı¦a©M¥D°Ê¦a¥é®Ä¤@­Óº]¼Ë¡A¦Ó¬O³Q°Ê¦a¤À¨É¦P¼Ëªº¸g¾ú¡C32¤@¨ÇÄÀ¸gªÌ»{¬°¡u®ÄªkªÌ¡v¦b³oùØ·t¥Ü©«¤H¦b§Ô¨ü­WÃø®É¡AÅã¥X¤F»PµS¤Ó¦aªº«H®{¦P¼Ëªº°íí©M«i®ð¨Ó¡A33¦ý³o­Ó·N«ä¦b¥»¸`¨Ã¤£©úÅã¡C·íµM¡A¦b©«¤H»PµS¤Ó«H®{¬Û¦Pªº¥~¦b¾D¹J¡]³Q°Êªº¨ü­W®`¡^ªº­I«á¡A¦³¥L­Ì¬Û¦Pªº¤º¦b¸g¾ú¡]¥D°Êªº«HºÖ­µ¡^¡A¦ý¡u®ÄªkªÌ¡v©Ò«üªº¥u¬O«eªÌ¡A¦]¦¹¥u¦³³Q°Êªº·N«ä¡C

«Où¥Î¤F¤T­Ó¤ù»y¨Ó§Î®e©«¤H¸ò¥L­Ì¦³¬Û¦P¸g¾úªº°ò·þ®{¦P¹D¡A«ö­ì¤åªº¦¸§Ç¬O¡G¡u¯«ªº¦U±Ð·|¡v¡B¡uµS¤Ó¤¤¡v¡B¡u¦b°ò·þ­C¿qùØ¡v¡CÃö©ó¡u±Ð·|¡v¤@µü¦b«Où®Ñ«Hùتº·N¸q¡A°Ñ¤W¤å¤@³¹¤@¸`¤¤¡]¤@1b¡^µùÄÀ¡CŲ©ó«Oùªº²ßºD¬O¥Î³æ¼Æªº¦Wµü«ü¤@­Ó«°ªº¡u±Ð·|¡v¡A¥Î½Æ¼Æªº¦Wµü«ü¤@¬Ù©Î§ó¤j¦a°Ï¤ºªº¡u²³±Ð·|¡v¡A34¡uµS¤Ó¡v¦b³oùØ¥i¯à«üù°¨¬Ù¥÷µS¤Ó¡A¦Ó¤£¬O¦¹¬Ù¥÷«n³¡ªº¡uµS¤Ó¦a°Ï¡v¡]²{¤¤¡^¡A¡uµS¤Ó¤¤¡K¡Kªº¦U±Ð·|¡v¡]¡×¥[¤@22¡G¡uµS¤Ó¡K¡Kªº¦U±Ð·|¡v¡^§Y¬O¡uµS¤Ó¡B¥[§Q§Q¡B¼»º¿§Q¨È¡A¦U³Bªº±Ð·|¡v¡]®{¤E31¡^¡C³o¨Ç±Ð·|¥D­n¬O¥Ñ­ì¨Óªº­C¸ô¼»§N±Ð·|¦]¥q´£¤Ï®î¹D«áµo¥Íªº¹G­¢¦Ó¤À´²¦b¦U³B¡]°Ñ®{¤K1¡^ªº«H®{²Õ¦¨ªº¡A¦ý¥ç¥i¯à¥]¬A¤@¨Ç¦b¦¹¤§«e¥Ñ­C¸ô¼»§Nªºªù®{¤Þ»âÂk¥Dªº¤H©Ò²Õ¦¨ªº±Ð·|¡F¨Ï®{¦æ¶Ç¤G¤Q¤G³¹¤­¸`¦ü¥G¤Ï¬M¥X¤j°¨¦âªº±Ð·|¥]¬A·í¦aªº«H®{¡]¦p¨È®³¥§¨È¡A®{¤Ü¤G10¡A¤E10-17¡^¡A¥H¤Î¥Ñ­C¸ô¼»§N°k©¹¸Ó³Bªº«H®{¡A35¦P¼Ëªº±¡ªp¥i¯à¥ç¦b¤Ú°Ç´µ©Z¥»¦a¥X²{¡C«Où¥H¡u¯«ªº¡v¤@µü§Î®e±Ð·|¡A°£¦¹³B¥~ÁÙ¦³¥H¤U¦U³B¡G¡]³æ¼Æ¡^­ôªL¦h«e®Ñ¤@³¹¤G¸`¡A«á®Ñ¤@³¹¤@¸`¡F«e®Ñ¤Q¤@³¹¤G¤Q¤G¸`¡A¤Q¤­³¹¤E¸`¡F¥[©Ô¤Ó®Ñ¤@³¹¤Q¤T¸`¡F´£¼¯¤Ó«e®Ñ¤T³¹¤­¸`¡B¤Q¤­¸`¡F°Ñ¨Ï®{¦æ¶Ç¤G¤Q³¹¤G¤Q¤K¸`¡F¡]½Æ¼Æ¡^­ôªL¦h«e®Ñ¤Q³¹¤T¤Q¤G¸`¡A¤Q¤@³¹¤Q¤»¸`¡F©«¼»Ã¹¥§­{«á®Ñ¤@³¹¥|¸`¡C³o§Î®eµü²M·¡ªí©ú¡u±Ð·|¡v¨Ã¤£¬O«ü¥@«UªºÉ]¥Á¶°·|¡]°Ñ®{¤Q¤E32¡B39¡B41¡^¡C¡u¦b°ò·þ­C¿qùØ¡v¤@Ãã¦b³oùØ¥i¯à¨Ã¨S¦³¥¦¦b¤@³¹¤@¸`¤¤©Ò¦³¨ººØ§¹º¡ªº¯«¾Ç©Ê·N¸q¡]°Ñ¤@1bµùÄÀ¡^¡A¦Ó¥u¬O¡]¦p¦b¥[¤@22¡^ªí©ú³o¨Ç¡uµS¤Ó¤¤¡vªº±Ð·|»PµS¤Ó¤Hªº¯«Åv»E·|¦³©Ò¤£¦P¡A¦]¥L­Ì¬O¡uÄÝ©ó°ò·þ­C¿qªº¡v¡]²{¤¤¡^¡C

 

31 ¤À§O¨£¡GCalvin 348; Ellicott 29.

32 Cf. W. Michaelis, TDNT IV 666-667(TDNTA 595), 670, 671; Schu/tz, Paul 226; Best 113; Ellingworth-Nida 41.

33 Erdman 43; Wolff 22.

34 ³æ¼Æ¡Gù¤Q¤»1¡]°í­²­ù¡^¡FªL«e¤@2¡FªL«á¤Q1¡F¦è¥|16¡]¦Ñ©³¹Å¡^¡F©««e¤@1¡F©««á¤@1¡C½Æ¼Æ¡G¥[¤@2¡FªL«e¤Q¤»1¡]¥[©Ô¤Ó¡^¡FªL«e¤Q¤»19¡]¨È¦è¨È¡^¡FªL«á¤K1¡]°¨¨ä¹y¡^¡Fù¤Q¤»4¡]¡u¥~¨¹ªº²³±Ð·|¡v¡^¡B16¡]¡u°ò·þªº²³±Ð·|¡v¡^¡FªL«e¤Q¤@16¡F©««á¤@4¡]¡u¯«ªº²³±Ð·|¡v¡^¡C

35 ¦]¬°®{¤Ü¤G5¡u¦b¨ºùØ©^³o¹Dªº¤H¡vªº­ì¤å(tous ekeise ontas)·N«ä¥i¯à¬O¡u¨º¨Ç¥h¤F¸Ó³Bªº¤H¡v(cf. Bruce, Book of Acts 440-441 with n.13).²{¥N¤¤¤åĶ¥»¸Ó¸`¤U¥bªºÂ½Ä¶¢w¢w¡u¡K¡K­n¶e®·³o¨Ç¤H¡A§â¥L­Ì¡K¡K±a¦^­C¸ô¼»§N¨ü¦D¡v¢w¢w¥i¯à¤Ï¬M³o­Ó·N«ä¡C

 

¡u¦]¬°§A­Ì¤]¨ü¤F¥»¦a¤Hªº­W®`¡A¹³¥L­Ì¨ü¤FµS¤Ó¤Hªº­W®`¤@¼Ë¡v

¥»¥y¸ÑÄÀ©«¤H¦b¬Æ»ò·N¸q¤W¦¨¬°¤FµS¤Ó¦a¦U±Ð·|ªº¡u®ÄªkªÌ¡v¡]¨£¤W¥b¸`µùÄÀ¡^¡F­ì¤åªºµ²ºc¦³¤O¦aªí©ú¤F©«¤H©MµS¤Ó±Ð·|¾D¨ü¦P¼Ë­W®`ªº¨Æ¹ê¡C36¡u¨ü¡K¡K­W®`¡v¤@µüªº­ì¤å37¦b·s¬ù¦@¥Î¤F¥|¤Q¤G¦¸¡A«Où®Ñ«H¦û¤C¦¸¡A°£¤F¤@¦¸¦³¦nªº·N«ä¥~¡]¥[¤T4¡F¨£¶¾¡G¡u¯u²z¡v¡e¼W­qª©¡f 191¡A¨ä¾l¤»¦¸¬Ò¬°¡u¨ü­W¡v¤§·N¡]ªL«e¤Q¤G26¡FªL«á¤@6¡FµÌ¤@29¡F©««á¤@5¡F´£«á¤@12¡^¡F³oµü¦b¥»¸`ªº¥Îªk¸û¯S§Oªº¦a¤è¡A¦b©ó¥¦ÀH«á¦³¡u¥Ñ¡K¡K¡v¡]«ä°ª¡^µ¥¦r¡A¦]¦ÓÀò±o§¹¥þ³Q°Êªº¡u¾D¨ü¡K¡K­¢®`¡v¡]·sĶ¡^¤§·N¡C38­ì¤å¦b¡u¥»¦a¤H¡v¤§«e¦³¡u¦Û¤vªº¡v¤@µü¡A¤G¦r¦b«ä°ª¸t¸gĶ¦¨¡u¦Û¤vªº¦P¶m¡v¡A¨â­ÓĶªk³£¬O§â­ì¤å¨º­Ó¦Wµü39¡]¦b·s¬ù¶È¨£¦¹³B¡^¬Ý¬°¦³¦a¤è©Ê©Î¦a²z·N¸q¡F³oµüªº¦r­±·N¸q¬O¡u¦P±Ú¤H¡v¡]·sĶ¡^¡A¦]¦¹²{¥N¤¤¤åĶ¥»§@¡u¦Û¤v¦P­M¡v¡A³o¨â­ÓĶªk§â­ì¦r¬Ý¬°¦³ºØ±Úªº·N¸q¡C°ÝÃD¬O¡G¦b³o¨âºØ¡]§Y¬O«e¨â­Ó©M«á¨â­Ó¡^Ķªk¤§¶¡¡A¨º¤@ºØ¤~¬O«Oùªº·N«ä¡H

¡]¤@¡^­Y«ö«á¤@­Ó·N«ä¨Ó¸ÑÄÀ¡A¥»¥y¬O»¡©«¤H¨ü¤F¥L­Ìªº¦P±Ú¤H¡]§Y¬O¥~±Ú¤H¡^ªº¹G­¢¡A´N¦pµS¤Óªº±Ð·|¨ü¨ìµS¤Ó¤Hªº¹G­¢¡C40¦ý­Y¬O³o¼Ë¡A«Où¬°¬Æ»ò­n¦b¤U¨â¸`´£¤ÎµS¤Ó¤H©O¡H¦Ó¥B«Où´£¨ìµS¤Ó¤H¡u¤£³\§Ú­Ì¶Ç¹Dµ¹¥~¨¹¤H¨Ï¥~¨¹¤H±o±Ï¡v¡]16¸`¡^¡A³o¸ÜÅãµM¥]¬A¥L³Ìªñ¦b©««°¶Ç¹Dªº¸g¾ú¡]°Ñ®{¤Q¤C5¡^¡F¦]¦¹©«¤Hªº¹G­¢ªÌ¥u¬O¥~¨¹¤H³o¬Ýªk¬O­È±oÃhºÃªº¡C41¡]¤G¡^´Nºâ§Ú­Ì§â­ì¤åªº¦WµüĶ¬°¡u¦P±Ú¤H¡v¡A¦b¸ÑÄÀ®É¤]À³«ü¥X³o¨Ç¥~±Ú¤H¹ï©«¤Hªº¹G®`¬O¦bµS¤Ó¤H¼£±vº´°Ê¤U¦Ó°_ªº¡C42¡]¤T¡^¦]¦¹¡A¸û²³æ©M¸û¦nªº°µªk¬O±Ä¯Ç«e¤@ºØªºÄ¶ªk¡G¡u¥»¦a¤H¡v©Î©«¤H¡u¦Û¤vªº¦P¶m¡v¤]³\¥D­n«ü©««°ªº¥~±Ú¤H¡A¦ý¥ç¦P®É¥]¬A·í¦aªºµS¤Ó¥÷¤l¡A´N¦p©«¼»Ã¹¥§­{±Ð·|¥D­n¬O¥Ñ¥~±Ú¤Hºc¦¨¡]°Ñ¤@9¡^¡A¦ý¥ç¤£¥FµS¤Ó¤Hªº¦¨­û¡]®{¤Q¤C4¡^¡C43¥»¥y´£¤Î©«¤H©Ò¨üªº¹G­¢¡A¥D­n¤£¬O«ü¨Ï®{¦æ¶Ç¤Q¤C³¹¡]5-8¸`¡^©Ò¸üªº¨Æ¥ó¡A¦Ó¬O¥L­Ì¦b«Où©M¦P¤uÂ÷¶}©««°«áÄ~Äò¹J¨ìªº¹G­¢¡]°Ñ¤T4¡B6¡B8¡^¡F­Õ­Y°¨¨ä¹y²³±Ð·|¡u·¥«×ªº³h¥F¡v¡]ªL«á¤K2¡^¬O¥L­Ì¨ü¹G­¢ªºµ²ªGªº¸Ü¡]°Ñ¨Ó¤Q32-34¡^¡A¨º»ò¥L­Ì©Ò¨üªº¹G­¢¥i¯à«ùÄò¤F¦n´X¦~¡]­ôªL¦h«á®Ñ¸ò©«¼»Ã¹¥§­{«e«á®Ñªº¼g§@¤é´Á¬Û¹j¬ù¤­¡B¤»¦~¡^¡C44

¦Ü©óµS¤Óªº±Ð·|¡]¡u¥L­Ì¡v45¡^©Ò¨üªº¹G­¢¡A©Ò«üªº¤j©è¤£¬O¥q´£¤Ï®î¹D«áªº¨º¦¸¹G­¢¡A¦]¬°¦b¸Ó¦¸«Où¬O¨ä¤¤ªº¬¡ÅD¥÷¤l¡]®{¤K1¡A¤E1-2¡^¡A¦ý¦b³oùØ¥LÅãµM§â¦Û¤v¡]¡u§Ú­Ì¡v¡A15¸`¡^©M¡uµS¤Ó¤H¡v¤À¶}¡]°Ñ¸û¥[¤@13¡B22¡^¡F¤]¤£¬O¥D«á41-44¦~¶¡¥Ñ§Æ«ß¨È°ò©¬¤ýµo°Êªº¨º¦¸¡]®{¤Q¤G1-2¡^¡A¦]¬°¸Ó¦¸¹G®`ªº¹ï¶H¦ü¥G¬O¨Ï®{¦Ó«D¤@¯ë«H®{¡C¦³ÄÀ¸gªÌ»{¬°³oùØ©Ò«üªº¬O»P¥D«á48¦~¥ª¥k¡]·í®É¤Ú°Ç´µ©Z¦³·sªºÃ¹°¨Á`·þ¨ì¥ô¡^¾Ä¾UÄÒ¥[±j¨ä¬¡°Ê¦³Ãöªº¤@¦¸¹G­¢¡A¦ý¦¹»¡¦]ÃÒ¾Ú¤£¨¬¦Ó¨ü¨ìÃhºÃ¡C46¥Ñ©ó«Où©ú»¡¨ü¤FµS¤Ó¤H­W®`ªº¬OµS¤Ó¤¤ªº¡u¦U±Ð·|¡v¡A¥L©Ò·Q¨ìªº¦ÛµM¤]¤£¬Oªì´Áªº­C¸ô¼»§N±Ð·|ªº¸g¾ú¡A¦Ó¬O¤À´²¦b¤Ú°Ç´µ©Z¦U³Bªº±Ð·|¸û·sªñªº¸g¾ú¡CµL½×¦p¦ó¡A¡uµS¤Ó¤H¡v¦b³oùؤ£¬Oªx«ü©Ò¦³µS¤Ó¤H¡A¦Ó¬O¯S«ü¤Ú°Ç´µ©Z¤£«H¥DªºµS¤Ó¤H¡A¤×¨ä¬O¡]±q²Ä¤Q¤­¸`¥i¨£¡^­C¸ô¼»§Nªº·íÅv¬£¤H¤h¡]¡uµS¤Ó¤H¡v¦b¬ù¿«ºÖ­µ±`¦³¦¹·N¡A¨Ò¦p¡G¤@19¡A¤G18¡A¤­10¡B15¡B16¡B18¡^¡C³oµü¦b«Où®Ñ«H¥t¥~¥X²{¤G¤Q¤­¦¸¡A³£¬O«ö¨äºØ±Ú©M©v±Ð·N«ä«ü«H©^µS¤Ó±Ðªº¤H¡F¨ä¤¤¤Q¤G¦¸¬O»P¡u§Æ§Q¥§¤H¡v¬Û¹ï¡]ù¤@16¡A¤G9¡B10¡A¤T9¡A¤Q12¡FªL«e¤@22¡B23¡B24¡A¤Q32¡A¤Q¤G13¡F¥[¤T28¡F¦è¤T11¡^¡A¨â¦¸»P¡u¥~¨¹¤H¡v¬Û¹ï¡]ù¤T29¡A¤E24¡^¡A¨â¦¸¥Î¦b¯S®íªº·N«ä¤W¡A«ü¡u¯uµS¤Ó¤H¡v¡]ù¤G28¡B29¡^¡A¤@¦¸¡]¥[¤G13¡^«ü«H¥DªºµS¤Ó¤H¡]¨ä¾l¤K¦¸¨£©ó¡Gù¤G17¡A¤T1¡FªL«e¤E20¡e¤T¦¸¡f¡FªL«á¤Q¤@24¡F¥[¤G14¡B15¡^¡C

«Où®³µS¤Óªº±Ð·|¨üµS¤Ó¤H¹G­¢ªº¨Æ¹ê¡A¨Ó¸ò©«¤H¨ü¡u¥»¦a¤H¡v¡]¥]¬AµS¤Ó¤H¡^ªº­W®`§@¤@¤ñ¸û¡A¥i¯à¬O¦]¬°¥L·Q©«¤Hª¾¹D¡A¥L­Ìªº¸g¾ú©MµS¤Ó±Ð·|ªº¸g¾ú¬O¦P¥X¤@¹ý¡B¤@¯ß¬Û©Óªº¡GµS¤Ó¤H±q¨Ó³£¹G­¢¯u¥¿¸ò±q¯«¦®·Nªº¤H¡A©«¤H»PµS¤Ó±Ð·|¤Î«Où¡]15¸`¡^¦@¦³ªº¸g¾ú¡A¤£¶ÈÃÒ©ú¥L­Ì¹ê¦b±µ¨ü¤F«Où©Ò¶Çªº¹D¡A¦P®É¤]ÃÒ©ú¤F³o¹D¡u¹ê¦b¬O¡@¯«ªº¡v¡]13¸`¡^¡C

 

36 ta auta epathete kai hymeis hypo to{n idio{n symphyleto{n

         katho{s kai autoi hypo to{n Ioudaio{n.
¦b³o¥­¦æ¥yùØ­±¡Akai hymeis hypo©Mkai autoi hypoºc¦¨¤@ºØ¤T­«ªº¤ñ¸û»y¡Fta autaªº·N«ä«h¥Ñkatho{s¶i¤@¨B¥[±j°_¨Ó(cf. BDF 194.1).

37 pascho{ . ³o¦r©M¤G2¡u³Q®`¡vªº­ì¤å¡]¨£¤W¤å¸Ó³Bµù14¡^¬O¦P¦r®Úªº¡C

38 W. Michaelis(TDNT V 920)ºÙ¥»¸`¬°'the only Pauline instance of a plainly passive use of pascho{' .

39 symphylete{s-»P Attic phylete{s¦P¸q(BDF 111.2).

40 E.g. Ellingworth-Nida 42.

41 Marshall 5, 17; Acts 276.

42 E.g. Ellicott 30a; Lightfoot 32; Moule, Birth 109.

43 Neil 50; Best 114; Marshall 78-79; Ellison, Mystery 14; Donfried, 'Paul and Judaism' 248.

44 Cf. Bruce 50-51.

45 ­ì¤åautoi¡]¶¯©Ê¡A¡u±Ð·|¡v¦b­ì¤å«h¬O»Û©Ê¡^¬O«ö·N«ä³y¥y(constructio ad sensum)ªº¨Ò¤l¡A«ü¨º¨Ç±Ð·|ªº¦¨­û¡C

46 ¤À§O¨£¡GBruce 46(with reference to R. Jewett); Fung, Galatians 6-7 with n. 23.

 

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15³oµS¤Ó¤H±þ¤F¥D­C¿q©M¥ýª¾¡A¤S§â§Ú­Ì»°¥X¥h¡C¥L­Ì¤£±o¡@¯«ªº³ß®®¡A¥B»P²³¤H¬°¼Ä¡F

16¤£³\§Ú­Ì¶Ç¹Dµ¹¥~¨¹¤H¨Ï¥~¨¹¤H±o±Ï¡A±`±`¥Rº¡¦Û¤vªº¸o´c¡C¯«ªº©Á«ãÁ{¦b¥L­Ì¨­¤W¡A¤w¸g¨ì¤F·¥³B¡C

 

¤G15¡u³oµS¤Ó¤H±þ¤F¥D­C¿q©M¥ýª¾¡A¤S§â§Ú­Ì»°¥X¥h¡v

¥»¸`©M¤U¤@¸`¬Oªþ¥[ªº¸Ü¡G«Où­è´£¨ì¤£«HªºµS¤Ó¤H¦b©«¤H¨ü¡u¥»¦a¤H¡v­W®`¤¤©Ò§êºtªº¨¤¦â¡A¥L²{¦b¦A¥Î¤­¥y¥Ñ¤Àµü¤Þ¤¶ªº¸Ü¹ï¥L­Ì§@¶i¤@¨Bªº´y­z¡C¡u³o¨ÇµS¤Ó¤H¡v¡]·sĶ¡B·í¸t¡^©Î¡u¨º¨ÇµS¤Ó¤H¡v¡]²{¤¤¡B«ä°ª¡^¦b­ì¤å¥u¬O­Ó«aµü¡A³o«aµü©Ó±µú¦¤W¤@¸`ªº¡uµS¤Ó¤H¡v¡A¦]¦¹©Ò«üªº¥D­n¤´¬OµS¤Ó¦a¡]§Y¤Ú°Ç´µ©Z¡^¤£«HªºµS¤Ó¤H¡F¤£¹L¡A¤U¤å²M·¡ªí¥Ü¡A°£¦¹¥H¥~¡A«Où¤]·Q¨ì©«¼»Ã¹¥§­{¤Î§È­ù¨Èµ¥¦aªºµS¤Ó¤H»â³S¡C

²Ä¤@­Ó¤Àµü¤ù»y¦b­ì¤å¦rªº¦¸§Ç¬O«Ü¯S§Oªº¡Aª½Ä¶¬O¡u¥D¥L­Ì±þ¤F­C¿q©M¥ýª¾­Ì¡v¡F«Où§â¡u¥D¡v©M¡u­C¿q¡v³o¼Ë¤À¶}¨Ó¡A±j½Õ¤F¤@¥ó¨Æ¹ê¢w¢w¤GªÌ«ü¦P¤@­Ó¤Hª«¡GµS¤Ó¤H©Ò±þ®`ªº¡u«ö¦×Å黡¡K¡K¬O±q¥L­Ì¥X¨Óªº¡v¡]ù¤E5¡^¾ú¥v¤Wªº­C¿q¡A´N¬O¡uºaÄ£ªº¥D¡v¡]ªL«e¤G8¡^©M¡u¥Í©R¤§­ì¡v¡]®{¤T15¡A«ä°ª¡^¡A¡u¯«¤w¸g¥ß¥L¬°¥D¬°°ò·þ¡vªº¤]´N¬O³QµS¤Ó¤H¡u°v¦b¤Q¦r¬[¤Wªº³o¦ì­C¿q¡v¡]®{¤G36¡^¡C¦b¥þ³¡ªº«Où®Ñ«HùØ­±¡A¥u¦³¦¹³B§â±þ®`­C¿qªº¸oÂk¦b¤£«HªºµS¤Ó¤HÀY¤W¡]°Ñ¸ûªL«e¤G8¡^¡A¦p¦b¨Ï®{¦æ¶Ç¤@¼Ë¡]®{¤G23¡A¤T15¡A¥|10¡A¤­30¡A¤C52¡A¤Q39¡^¡F³oùتº¡uµS¤Ó¤H¡v¤×¨ä¬O«ü­C¸ô¼»§Nªº©v±Ð·í§½ªº¨Æ¹ê¡A§ó»P«Où¦b©¼¦è©³ªº¦w´£ªü¶Ç¹D®É©Ò§@ªº«ü±±§¹¥þ§k¦X¡]®{¤Q¤T27¡^¡C¡u±þ¡v¦r­ì¤å47¦b·s¬ù¤@¦@¥X²{¤C¤Q¥|¦¸¡A¦ý¦b«Où®Ñ«H¥t¥~¥u¥Î¤F¥|¦¸¡]ù¤C11¡A¤Q¤@3¡e¤Þ¤ý¤W¤Q¤E10¡f¡FªL«á¤T6¡F¥±¤G16¡^¡A¥u¦³¦¹³B¬O«ü±þ®`¥D­C¿q¡F«Où¸û±`¥Î¡u°v¤Q¦r¬[¡v48³o°Êµü¨Ó´y¼g°ò·þ¤§¦º¡A¤£¹L¤C¦¸¤¤¦³¤»¦¸¬O¥Î³Q°ÊÅéºA¡]ªL«e¤@13¡B23¡A¤G2¡FªL«á¤Q¤T4¡F¥[¤T1¡A¤»14¡^¡A¥u¦³¤@¦¸¬O¥D°ÊÅéºA¡]ªL«e¤G8¡^¡C«Où¦b¥»¸`¤£¥Î¡u°v¤Q¦r¬[¡v¦Ó¥Î¡u±þ¡v¦r¡A¦]¬°¥u¦³«áªÌ¤~¾A¥Î©ó¡u¥D­C¿q©M¥ýª¾¡v³o½Æ¦X¨ü¨Æµü¤W¡F¤]³\«Où¬O¨ü¤F¦C¤ý¬ö¤W¤Q¤E³¹¤Q¸`¤C¤Q¤hĶ¥»¡]¸Ó³B¤]¬O¥Î¤F¥»¸`ªº¡u±þ¡v¦r¡^ªº¼vÅT¡A49¤£¹L§Ú­Ì¤£¤@©w­n³o¼Ë¸ÑÄÀ¡A¦]¬°ºÖ­µ®Ñ©Ò¤Ï¬Mªº¶Ç²Î¡AÁöµM¸û¦h¥Î¡u°v¤Q¦r¬[¡v¤@µü¡A¤´µM¦h¦¸¥Î¡u±þ¡v¦r¡A¨Ó«ü­C¿qªº¦º¡A50¦Ó«Où¦b³oùØ¥i¯à¥¿¬O¨Ï¥Î¤F¤@¨ÇºÖ­µ¶Ç²Îªº¸ê®Æ¡C

¡u¥ýª¾¡v©M¡u¥D­C¿q¡v¦b­ì¤å¬Oºò±K¦a³sú¦ªº¡A©Ò¥Îªºµ²ºc51´£¥Ü¤F¥ýª¾ªº®î¹D©M°ò·þ³Q°v¦º¦¹¤G¨Æªº°ò¥»¦X¤@©Ê¡]°Ñ¤Ó¤Ü¤@35-39¡F¥i¤Q¤G2-8¡F¸ô¤G¤Q10-15¡^¡C¡u¥ýª¾¡v¤@µüªº­ì¤å52¦b·s¬ù¤@¦@¥X²{¤@¦Ê¥|¤Q¥|¦¸¡A«Où®Ñ«H¦û¤Q¥|¦¸¡F³oùتº¡u¥ýª¾¡v¤£¬O«ü·s¬ù®É¥Nªº¥ýª¾¡]¦p¦bªL«e¤Q¤G28¡B29¡A¤Q¥|29¡B32¡e¨â¦¸¡f¡B37¡F¥±¤G20¡A¤T5¡A¥|11¡^¡A¦]¬°§Ú­Ì¨Ã¨S¦³°ò·þ®{¥ýª¾¦b³o®É´Á³Q±þªº°O¸ü¡C53©Ò«üªº¤D¬O¬ùªº¥ýª¾¡]¦p¦bù¤@2¡A¤T21¡A¤Q¤@3¡^¡A¥L­Ì±Æ¦b¡u¥D­C¿q¡v¤§«á¡A¬O¦]¬°­C¿q¤ñ¥L­Ì­«­n¡]°Ñ¤W¤Þ¤Ó¡B¥i¡B¸ô¤T¬q¡F¨Ó¤T1-6¡F©¼«e¤@10-11¡^¡C³o¨Ç¥ýª¾³QµS¤Ó¤H±þ®`ªº¨ÆÂÝ¡A¬ù¥»¨­ªº°O¸ü¤£¦h¡G°£¤F¤@¨ÇÅ¢²Î©Êªº³ø¾É¥~¡]¨Ò¦p¡G¤ý¤W¤Q¤K4¡B13¡A¤Q¤E10¡B14¡F¥§¤E26¡F­C¤G30¡^¡A¦³Ãö­Ó§O¥ýª¾¨ü®`ªº°O¿ý¨Ã¤£¦h¨£¡]¥Üº¿¶®ªº¨à¤l¯Q§Q¨È¡G­C¤Ü¤»20-23¡F­C¦ó­C¤jªº¨à¤l¼»­{§Q¨È¡G¥N¤U¤Ü¥|21¡^¡C¥L­Ì¦b¬ù¥H«áªº¤@¨Ç¶Ç©_§@«~¤¤¦¨¬°®î¹Dªº­^¶¯¡A¨ì¤F­C¿q®É¥N¡A®î¹D³Qµø¬°¥ýª¾Â¾¥÷ªº¤@³¡¥÷¡F54¦Ó·s¬ù¥ç¦h¦¸´£¨ì¥L­Ì³Q±þ®`ªº¨Æ¹ê¡]¤Ó¤Ü¤T29-37¡F¸ô¤Q¤@47-51¡F®{¤C52¡Fù¤Q¤@3¡F°Ñ¨Ó¤Q¤@35¡B37¡^¡C

¤@¨ÇÄÀ¸gªÌ»{¬°¡u¥ýª¾¡vÀ³³s©ó¤U¤å¡A¤U¤@¥yÅܦ¨¡u¤S§â¥ýª¾©M§Ú­Ì»°¥X¥h¡v¡C55°¨¤ÓºÖ­µ¤­³¹¤Q¤G¸`½×¹G­¢®É´N¬O³o¼Ë§â¥ýª¾©M«H®{³s°_¨Ó¡F¦Ó¥B³o¼Ë°µ¥i¥H§K¥h¥»¥y¥X²{±q°ªúk´_³´§C¼éªº²{¶H¡A¦]¬°¾ú¥v©MÅ޿誺¦¸§Ç¬O±q±þ®`¥ýª¾±À¶i¦Ü±þ®`­C¿q¡]®{¤C52¡^¡A¦Ó¤£¬O¡u±þ¤F¥D­C¿q©M¥ýª¾¡v¡C¥i¬O¡A«á­±³o­Ó¦¸§Ç¬O¥i¥H¸ÑÄÀªº¡]¨£¤W¤@¬q¡^¡F¦Ó¥B¡A³o¬O­ì¤å¸û¦ÛµMªºÄ¶ªk¡A56·s¬ù¦h¦¸´£¤Î°ò·þ©M¥ýª¾¦P¾D±þ®`ªº¨Æ¹ê¡]®{¤C52¡F¤Ó¤Ü¤@35-39¡F¥i¤Q¤G2-8¡F¸ô¤G¤Q10-15¡^§ó±j¦³¤O¦a¤ä«ù³o­ÓĶªk¡C¦]¦¹¡A§Ú­Ì±µ¨ü¡u±þ¤F¥D­C¿q©M¥ýª¾¡v³oĶªk¥¿½T¦a¤Ï¬M¤F«Oùªº­ì·N¡C

²Ä¤G­Ó¤Àµü¤ù»y¡]¡u¤S§â§Ú­Ì»°¥X¥h¡v¡^©Ò¥Î°Êµüªº­ì¤å¦b·s¬ù¥u¥X²{³o¤@¦¸¡C57¤@¨ÇÄÀ¸gªÌ»{¬°³o½Æ¦X°Êµü¤ºªº«e¸mµü¨ÃµL¯S§O§@¥Î¡A©Î»{¬°¥¦ªº¥\¥Î¥u¬O¥[±j·N«ä¡A¦]¦¹³oµüªº·N«ä¬O¡u¹G­¢¡v©Î¡u²r¯P¦a¹G­¢¡v¡C58­Y¬O³o¼Ë¡A¡u¤S­¢®`§Ú­Ì¡v¡]²{¤¤¡^¥i¸Ñ¬°¤@¥yÅ¢²Î©Êªº¸Ü¡A¡u§Ú­Ì¡v«ü¡u§Ú­Ì§@°ò·þªº¨Ï®{¡vªº¡]6¸`¡^¡A«Oùªº·N«ä´N¬O¡AµS¤Ó¤H«ç¼Ë¹G­¢Â¬ù®É¥N¯«ªº¨ÏªÌ¡A¥L­Ì¤]·Ó¼Ë±Æ©Ú·s¬ö¤¸¤¤°ò·þªº¯S¨Ï¡C59¤£¹L¡A­ì¤å¤Àµüªº¹L¥h®ÉºA¸û¥i¯à«ü¤@¥ó¯S§Oªº¨Æ¥ó¡AŪªÌ³Ì®e©ö·Q¨ìªºÅãµM¬OµS¤Ó¤H¦p¦óº´°Ê©««°ªº¤H¡A¨ÃÂǦa¤è©xªº¤O¶q±N«Où©M¦P¤u¡uÅX³v¥X¹Ò¡v¡]·í¸t¡F°Ñ®{¤Q¤C5-10¡^¡A¤]³\«OùÁÙ·Q¨ì¥L¨ä«á¦P¼Ë³Q¹GÂ÷¶}§È­ù¨È¡]®{¤Q¤C13-14¡^ªº¨Æ¹ê¡C«ö¦¹¤F¸Ñ¡A­ì¤å°Êµü¦³¦a¤è©Ê©Î¦Ü¤Ö¥b¦a¤è©Êªº¡uÅX³v¡v¡]«ä°ª¡^¤§·N¡]¦¹µü¦b¤C¤Q¤hĶ¥»±`¦³³o­Ó·N«ä¡A¨Ò¦p¡G¥Ó¤»19¡F¥N¤W¤K13¡A¤Q¤G15¡e¤C¤Q¤hĶ¥»¤Q¤G16¡f¡FÒ­¤G20¡^¡F¡u§Ú­Ì¡v¤£¬Oªx«ü©Ò¦³ªº¨Ï®{¡A¦Ó¬O¯S«ü«Où©M¥Lªº¦P¤u¡F§â¥L­Ì¡u»°¥X¨Ó¡v¡]·sĶ¡^ªº¤£¦A¬O¤Ú°Ç´µ©ZªºµS¤Ó¤H¡A¦Ó¬O©««°ªºµS¤Ó¤H¡C

 

47 apokteino{.

48 stauroo{.

49 Best 115.

50 ¤Ó¤Q¤»21¡A¤Q¤C23¡A¤Ü¤»4¡F¥i¤K31¡A¤E31¡]¨â¦¸¡^¡A¤Q34¡A¤Q¥|1¡F¸ô¤E22¡A¤Q¤K33¡C°Ñ¤Ó¤Ü¤@38¡B39¡F¥i¤Q¤G7¡B8¡F¸ô¤G¤Q14¡B15¡F¬ù¤Q¤@53¡C¥ç°Ñ¬ù¤­\cs1518¡A¤C1¡B19¡B20¡B25¡A¤K37¡B40¡C

51 kai...kai ¡× 'both...and'.

52 prophe{te{s.

53 ¦h¤@12´£¤Îªº¬O¡u­²­ù©³¤H¤¤ªº¤@­Ó¥»¦a¥ýª¾¡v¡CÃö©ó«Où®Ñ«H½×·s¬ù¥ýª¾ªº±Ð¾É¡A¥i°Ñ¶¾¡G¡u®¦½ç¡v¡]¼W­qª©¡^ 60-64¡C

54 Cf. J. Jeremias, TDNT V 714; G. Friedrich, TDNT VI 834.

55 Neil 51; Wolff 22.«áªÌ¦]¦¹»{¬°³oùØ©Ò«üªº¬O·s¬ùªº¥ýª¾¡C

56 §Y¬O­ì¤åto{n kai ton kyrion apokteinanton Ie{soun kai tous prophe{tas kai he{mas ekdio{xanto{n Ķ¬°'who killed both the Lord Jesus and the prophets and drove us out'¡]°Ñ RSV¡^¡A¤ñ°_Ķ'who both killed the Lord Jesus and drove the prophets and us out'¨Ó±o¦ÛµM¡A¦]¬°kai...kai¦b³oùجO±N¨â­Ó¦Wµü¡]¤£¬O¤Àµü¡^³s°_¨Ó¡C

57 ekdio{ko{ ³o¦r¥ç©ó¸ô¤Q¤@49§@¬°²§¤å¥X²{¡CMM 193(s.v.)»{¬°¸Ó³BªºÂ²³æ°Êµüdio{ko{ {¦³¡u»°¥X¡vªº·N«ä¡]¨£¤U¤å¡^¡C

58 ¤À§O¨£¡GFrame 112; Cranfield, '1 Thessalonians 2' 225 n.9.

59 Moore 45. de Jonge('Some Remarks' 134)»{¬°¡u§Ú­Ì¡v¬OÅ¢²Î¦a«ü°ò·þ®{¡C

 

¡u¥L­Ì¤£±o¡@¯«ªº³ß®®¡A¥B»P²³¤H¬°¼Ä¡v

³o¦b­ì¤å¬O²Ä¤T©M²Ä¥|­Ó¤Àµü¤ù»y¡C60«Oùªº«ä·Q¦A¦^¨ì¼s¸qªº¡uµS¤Ó¤H¡v¨­¤W¡C¡u±o¡K¡K³ß®®¡v¸ò²Ä¥|¸`ªº¡u°Q¡K¡K³ßÅw¡v¦b­ì¤å¬O¦P¤@­Ó°Êµü¡]°Ñ¸Ó³BµùÄÀ¡^¡F¤Àµü©Ò¥Îªº²{¦b®É¦¡ªí¥Ü¡A¤£±o¯«ªº³ß®®¬OµS¤Ó¤H²{¤µªº¥ú´º¡A¥L­Ì¥¿¦b¨Ì´`ªº¸ô½u¬O¯«¤£³ßÅwªº¡C¡u²³¤H¡v¤@µüªº­ì¤å61¦b«Où®Ñ«H¥t¥~¥Î¤F¤Q¥|¦¸¡A¤­¦¸ªº·N«ä¬O¡u¥þ¤HÃþ¡v¡]ù¤­12¡B18¡e¨â¦¸¡f¡A·sĶ¡F´£«e¥|10¡A«ä°ª¡F¦h¤G11¡A²{¤¤¡^¡A¤T¦¸¦³¸û®zªº¡u¤@¤Á¤H¡v©Î¡u©Ò¦³¤H¡v¤§·N¡]´£«e¤G1¡B4¡A«ä°ª¡FªL«e¤Q¤­19¡A·sĶ¡^¡A¨ä¾l¤»¦¸³£¬O«üÅ¢²Î©Êªº¡u²³¤H¡v¡]¦h¤T2¡^©Î¡u¤j®a¡v¡]ù¤Q¤G17¡B18¡FªL«e¤C7¡FªL«á¤T2¡FµÌ¥|5¡^¡C¦b¥»¸`¡A³oµüªº·N«äªñ¥G¡u¥þ¤HÃþ¡v¡]²{¤¤¡B«ä°ª¡^¡A¤£¹L«Où¥D­n·Q¨ìªº¥i¯à¬O¥~±Ú¤H¡]16¸`¡^¡C¡u¬°¼Ä¡v¦b­ì¤å¬O­Ó§Î®eµü¡A62³oµü¦b·s¬ù¥t¥~¥Î¤F¤C¦¸¡A¤T¦¸«ü¡u°f¡v­·¡]¤Ó¤Q¥|24¡F¥i¤»48¡F®{¤Ü¤C4¡G²{¤¤¡B«ä°ª¡^¡A¨â¦¸¥Î¦b¤@­Ó¦³°Æµü§@¥Îªº¤ù»y63¤¤¡A·N«ä¬O¡u¹ï­±¡v¡]¥i¤Q¤­39¡^©Î¡u¤Ï¹ï¡v¡]¦h¤G8¡^¡A¨ä¾l¨â¦¸ªº·N«ä¤]¬O¡u¤Ï¹ï¡v¡]®{¤Ü¤»9¡A¤Ü¤K17¡A«ä°ª¡^¡F¥u¦³¦b¥»¸`³oµü¬Oª½±µ¦a¥Î¦b¤Hªº¨­¤W¡A´£¥Ü¤F«Où»¡³o¸Ü®Éªº±j¯P±¡ºü¡C¥j¥N¤£¤Ö§@ªÌ¹ïµS¤Ó¤H³£´¿»¡¹L»P¥»¥yÃþ¦üªº¸Ü¡A¨Ò¦p¡G©M«Où¦P´Áªº®J¤Î¤H¨È¤Ç·Å»¡¡AµS¤Ó¤H«üú¦³yª«¥D°_»}¡A¤£¹ï¥ô¦ó²§°ê¤H¡A¤×¨ä¬O§Æþ¤H¡Aªí¥Ü¦n·N¡Fù°¨¥v®a¶ð¦è¹Ï¡]¬ù55-117¦~¡^¿×µS¤Ó¤H¹ï©Ò¦³²§±Ú¤H³£Ãhú¦¤³«ë¡A³oºØ¤³«ë¬O¤H³q±`¥Î¨Ó¹ï«Ý¤³¼Äªº¡F¤G/¤T¥@¬öªº´´Ã¹´µ¥L§ù¥ç¿×µS¤Ó¤H¤wªø¤[¦b«qÅܤ¤¡A¥L­Ì«qÅܪº¹ï¶H¤£¶È¬°Ã¹°¨¤H¡A¦Ó¥B¬O¥þ¤HÃþ¡C64«Oùªº¸Ü¥i¯à¤Ï¬M¤F¦P¤@Ãþªº·N¨£¡F¤£¹L¡A§Ú­Ì¤£¥²»{¬°«Où³o¸Ü¤]¹³¨º¨Ç¸Ü¤@¼Ë¬O¹ïµS¤Ó¤H·§¬A©Êªº§å§P¡F¥Lªº·N«ä¦ü¥G¥u¬O»¡¡AµS¤Ó¤Hªº¦æ®|¦³¹H¤HÃþ³Ì°ªªº©¯ºÖ¡B³Ì¤jªº¯q³B¡C±µú¦ªº¤@¥yÀH§Y±q«Oùªº¨¤«×¸ÑÄÀ¤F¡u¥L­Ì¤£±o¡@¯«ªº³ß®®¡A¥B»P²³¤H¬°¼Ä¡v¬O¬Æ»ò·N«ä¡C

 

60 ²Ä¥|­Ó¤Àµü¬O¦benantio{n¤§«á¡B¨S¦³©ú¼g¥X¨Óªºontes.

61 pantes anthropoi.

62 enantios.

63 ex enantias.

64 Josephus, Contra Apion 2. 121; Tacitus, Historiae 5.5.2(cited in Bruce 47); Philostratus, Life of Apollonius 5.33(cited in Best 117).

 

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¡u¥~¨¹¤H¡v¦b­ì¤å©Ò¥Îªº¦Wµü68·N«ä¬O¡u°ê¡v¡]¨Ò¦p¡G®{¤Q¤C26¡A¤Ü¥|3¡B10¡B17¡A¤Ü¤»4¡A¤Ü¤K19¡^©Î¡u¦Ê©m¡v¡]¨Ò¦p¡G®{¤K9¡^¡F³oµü¦b·s¬ù¤@¦@¥X²{¤@¦Ê¤»¤Q¤G¦¸¡A«Où®Ñ«H¦û¤­¤Q¥|¦¸¡]­è¦n¬O¤T¥÷¤§¤@¡^¡C½Æ¼Æªº¦Wµü¡]¦³©Î¨S¦³«aµü¡^±`¦³¡u¥~¨¹¡v©Î¡u¥~¨¹¤H¡v¤§·N¡A³o¬O±qµS¤Ó¤Hªº¨¤«×¨Ó»¡¡A§Y¬O¤£·q«ô¯u¯«ªº¥~°ê¤H©Î²§±Ð®{¡F¥L­Ì¥H¯«ªº¿ï¥Á¦Û©~¡A»{¬°¥~±Ú¤H¦]¬°¨S¦³¯«©Ò½çªº«ßªk³£¬O¸o¤H¡]¥[¤G15¡A²{¤¤¡G¡u¥~±Ú¸o¤H¡v¡F°Ñ¤Ó¤Ü¤»45¡^¡CÃö©ó¦¹¦r¦b«Où®Ñ«Hªº¥Îªk¡A½Ð°Ñ¥|³¹¤­¸`µùÄÀ¡C«Où»X¥l§@¨Ï®{¡A¥L¯S§OªºÂ¾¥÷´N¬O¶ÇºÖªÌµ¹¥~±Ú¤H¡]ù¤@5¡A¤Q¤@13¡A¤Q¤­16¡B18¡F¥[¤@16¡A¤G8¡B9¡F¥±¤T8¡F´£«e¤G7¡F°Ñ®{¤E15¡A¤Ü¤G21¡A¤Ü¤»18¡^¡CµS¤Ó¤Hªý¼¸¥L¦V¥~¨¹¤H¶Ç¹D¡A³o¤À©ú»P¥L±q¯«»â¨üªº¦®·N©M¨Ï©R¥¿­±½Ä¬ð¡A¦]¦¹¥L½T¹êª¾¹D¡A¥L­Ì¡u¤£±o¡@¯«ªº³ß®®¡v¡C

¡u¶Ç¹D¡v¦b­ì¤å¥u¬O¡uÁ¿¡v¦r¡]¤W¤å¤w¥X²{¤T¦¸¡G4¸`¡B2¸`¡A¤@8¡A¨£¸Ó³BµùÄÀ¡^¡C¦³ÄÀ¸gªÌ»{¬°­ì¤å¦¹¦r©MÀH«á¤G¦r¦X°_¨Óªº·N«ä¡]¡uÁ¿¡A¥s¥L­Ì±o±Ï¡v¡^¬Ûµ¥©ó¡u¶ÇºÖ­µ¡v¡F69¦ý­ì¤åµ²ºc³Ì¦ÛµMªº·N«ä¡A´N¬O¡u¬°­n¥s¥L­Ì±o±Ï¡v¡]°Ñ«ä°ª¡^¤D¬O¡u¶ÇÁ¿¡v¡]²{¤¤¡^¦æ°Êªº¥Øªº¡]¡u¨Ï¥~¨¹¤H±o±Ï¡v³oĶªk¥i¯à¨Ï¤H»~¥H¬°³o¬O¡u¶Ç¹D¡vªºµ²ªG¡^¡C¡u±o±Ï¡v¤@µüªº­ì¤å70¦b«Où®Ñ«H¦@¥Î¤F¤G¤Q¤E¦¸¡]·s¬ù¦@¤@¡³¤»¦¸¡^¡A¨ä¤¤¤­¦¸¥H¤H¬°¡u¬@±Ï¡v¦æ°Êªº¥D°ÊªÌ¡]¨Ï®{«Où¡Gù¤Q¤@14¡FªL«e¤E22¡F´£¼¯¤Ó¡G´£«e¥|16¡F«H¥Dªº©d¤l©Î¤V¤Ò¡GªL«e¤C16¡e¨â¦¸¡f¡^¡A¨ä¾lªº¤G¤Q¥|¦¸¬Ò¥H¯«¡]¤@¦¸¬°°ò·þ¡G´£«e¤@15¡^¬°¬@±ÏªÌ¡]¾¨ºÞ¡u¯«¡v¦r¦h¼Æªº®É­Ô¨Ã¤£¥X²{¡^¡C¦b³o¤G¤Q¥|¦¸¤§¤¤¡A¦³¨â¦¸¬O¤Þ¦Û¬ùªº¸Ü¡]ù¤E27¡A¤ÞÁɤQ22¡Fù¤Q13¡A¤ÞÒ­¤G32¡^¡F¤­¦¸±N«H®{ªº±o±Ï¬Ý¬°¤wµo¥Íªº¨Æ¡A¦]¬°¯«ªº¬@±Ï¦æ°Ê¤w¸gµo¥Í¡]­ì¤å¥Î²³æªº¹L¥h®É¦¡¡Gù¤K24¡F´£«á¤@9¡F¦h¤T5¡F¥Î§¹¦¨®É¦¡¡G¥±¤G5¡B8¡^¡F¤T¦¸§Î®e«H®{¬°³B©ó±o±Ïªº¹Lµ{¤¤¡A§Y¬O¥¿¨«¦b±o±Ïªº¹D¸ô¤W¡]ªL«e¤@18¡A¤Q¤­2¡FªL«á¤G15¡^¡F¤K¦¸«h¥Î¥¼¨Ó®É¦¡ªº°Êµü´£¨ì¤£¦Pªº¤Hªº±o±Ï¢w¢w¥H¦â¦C¥þ®a¡]ù¤Q¤@26¡^¡B¤@­Ó¥Ç¤F²]¶Ã¤§¸oªº«H®{¡]ªL«e¤­5¡^¡B¤@­Ó±o¤£¨ì½à½çªº¯«ªº¤u¤H¡]ªL«e¤T15¡^¡B«H¥Dªº°ü¤k¡]´£«e¤G15¡^¡B«Où¡]´£«á¥|18¡^¡A¥H¤Î¤@¯ë«H®{¡]ù¤­9¡B10¡A¤Q971¡^¡F¥t¤­¦¸¯à²Î¦a«ü¯«¬@±Ïªº¦æ°Ê¡A¬@±Ïªº®É¶¡¦ü¥G¤£¬O¥½¤é¡A¦Ó¬O²{¦b¡]ªL«e¤@21¡FªL«e¤Q33¡F©««á¤G10¡F´£«e¤@15¡A¤G4¡^¡F¾l¤U¤@¦¸¡]§Y¥»¸`¡^ªº¥Îªk¸ò­ôªL¦h«e®Ñ¤Q³¹¤T¤Q¤T¸`¡B©«¼»Ã¹¥§­{«á®Ñ¤G³¹¤Q¸`¡A©M´£¼¯¤Ó«e®Ñ¤G³¹¥|¸`ªº¥Îªk¤@¼Ë¡C72±o±Ïªº·N«ä¥]¬A¥¿­t¤G­±¡G´N¬O¤£·À¤`¡]ªL«e¤@18¡FªL«á¤G15¡^¡A±o¥H²æÂ÷¯«ªº©Á«ã¡]¤@10¡A¤­9¡Fù¤­9-10¡^¡A¥H¤Î±o¥H¶i¤J¯«ªº¤Ñ°ê¡]´£«á¥|18¡F°Ñ©««e¤G12¡^¡C¥»¸`ªº¡u±o±Ï¡v­Y¬O«ü²{¦b¡]¦Ó«D¥½¤é¡^ªº±o±Ï¡A·N«ä´N¬O¥~±Ú¤HÂÇú¦«HªAºÖ­µ¡A²{¦b¡]¤£¥²µ¥¨ì¥½¤é¡^«K¥i¥H¨É¨ü±Ï®¦ªººÖ¿A¡A¾¨ºÞ¦b²×·¥ªº·N¸q¤W¡A¥L­Ìªº±o±Ï­n¦b¥½¤é¤~±o¥H§¹¦¨¡C

 

65 ¤À§O¨£¡GLightfoot 34; Denney 330a.°Ñ³o¤T¥y¦b·í¥N¸t¸gªºÄ¶ªk©M¦¸§Ç¡C

66 ko{lyo{.

67 Cf. Ellison, Mystery 16-17.

68 ethnos.

69 lalesai hina sothosin ¡× euangelizesthai(Ellicott 32a.)

70 sozo.

71 ù¤Q9ªºso{the{se{i ¥i¯à¬Ological(not temporal)future, ¨ä¥\¥Î¬O«ü¥X¡u±o±Ï¡v¬O¡u»{¡v©M¡u«H¡vªº¥²µMµ²ªG¡A­«ÂI§¹¥þ¤£¦b©ó³o±o±Ïªº¦æ°Ê¬O¦b²{¤µ§í©Î±N¨Óµo¥Í¡C

72 ­ì¤å¤À§O¥Î¡Ghina so{tho{sin¡]¥»¸`¡FªL«e¤Q33¡^; eis to so{thenai¡]©««á¤G10¡^¡Fso{the{nai ¡]´£«e¤G4¡^¡C

 

¡u±`±`¥Rº¡¦Û¤vªº¸o´c¡v

«ä°ª¸t¸g±N¥»¥yĶ¬°¡u¥H­P¥L­Ìªº¸o´c®É±`º¡¬Õ¡v¡F¡u¥H­P¡v¡]·sĶ¦P¡^ªí¥ÜµS¤Ó¤H±`±`¡u´c³eº¡¬Õ¡v¡]·sĶ¡B·í¸t¡^¤D¬O¥L­Ì¡u±þ¤F¡K¡K»°¥X¡K¡K¤£³\¡vµ¥¦æ°Êªºµ²ªG¡C³o¬O­ì¤åµ²ºc73¥i¯àªº·N«ä¡]¦p¦bù¤C5¡FªL«á¤K6¡A¡u¦]¦¹¡v¡F¥[¤T17¡A«ä°ª¡^¡F³oµ²ºc¡]¦b«Où®Ñ«H¥t¥~¥X²{¤T¤Q¤E¦¸¡^ªº¥t¤@­Ó¥Îªk¬Oªí¹F¥Øªº¡C74«áªÌ¤ñ«eªÌ¸û¾A¦X¥»¥y¡A¦]¬°«Où«Ü¥i¯à±NµS¤Ó¤HªºÌ|´c¤£Ñª¬Ý¬°¯«­p¹º¤¤ªº¤@³¡¥÷¡]°ÑµÌ¤@28¡F©««á¤G11-12¡^¡F75´«¨¥¤§¡A¥»¥y¤£¬Oªí¹FµS¤Ó¤H¤Ï¹ï¯«ªº¨ÏªÌ®É¦Ûıªº¥Øªº¡A¦Ó¬Oªí¹F¯«¦b¦¹¨Æ¤Wªº¥Øªº¡C¡u¥Rº¡¡v¦b­ì¤å¬O­Ó½Æ¦X°Êµü¡A¦P¦r®ÚªºÂ²³æ°Êµü76¦b«á®Ñ¤@³¹¤Q¤@¸`Ķ¬°¡u¦¨´N¡v¡A¦ý¥¦¸û±`¨£ªº·N«ä¤]¬O¡u¥Rº¡¡v¡]¨Ò¦p¡Gù¤Q¤­13¡F¥±¤@23¡A¤T19¡A¥|10¡A¤­18¡^¡FÄY®æ¦a»¡¡A²³æ°Êµü«ü¡u¥Rº¡¡v¤@­Ó¥þªÅªºªÅ¶¡¡A½Æ¦X°Êµü«h«ü¡u¸Éº¡¡v¤@­Ó³¡¥÷ªºªÅ¶¡¡A§âÁÙªÅú¦ªº³¡¥÷¶ñº¡¡C77³oµü¦b·s¬ù¥X²{ªº¥t¥~¤­¦¸¡A³£¨S¦³¡u¸Éº¡¡vªº·N«ä¡]¸Ô¨£¶¾¡G¡uµÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ¡v 325-326¡^¡A¦ý³o­Ó·N«ä²Å¦X¥»¥yªº¤å²z¡A¦]¦¹¥i³Q±Ä¯Ç¡C¡u´c³eº¡¬Õ¡v³o«ä·Q¥ç¨£©ó³Ð¥@°O¤Q¤­³¹¤Q¤»¸`¡B¦ý¥H²z®Ñ¤K³¹¤G¤Q¤T¸`¡B°¨¥[¤ñ®Ñ¨÷¶L¤»³¹¤Q¥|¦Ü¤Q¤­¸`¡A¥H¤Î°¨¤ÓºÖ­µ¤G¤Q¤T³¹¤T¤Q¤G¸`¡A³Ì«á¤@¸`¸ò¥»¸`ªº¬Û¦ü¤§³B¤×¨äÅãµÛ¡]­C¿q¹ï·í¥Nªº¤å¤h©Mªk§QÁɤH»¡¡A¡u§A­Ì¥h¥Rº¡§A­Ì¯ª©vªº´c³e§a¡I¡v«Où«h¿×µS¤Ó¤H¡u±`±`¥Rº¡¦Û¤vªº¸o´c¡v¡^¡C¡u±`±`¥Rº¡¡v¦b­ì¤å¬O­Ó¦³½ìªº²Õ¦X¡A¦]¬°¡u±`±`¡v¤@µüªí¥Ü¡u¥Rº¡¡v¬O­ÓÄ~Äò¤£Â_ªº¶iµ{¡A¦ý¡u¥Rº¡¡v©Ò¥Îªº®É¦¡«h§â¤@³s¦êªº¦æ°Êºî¦X¬°¤@¡C78¥»¥yªº·N«ä¦ü¥G¬O³o¼Ë¡G¦b¬ù®É¥N¡AµS¤Ó¤H¡]­C¿q©ÒºÙ¬°¡u§A­Ì¯ª©v¡vªº¡^´¿±þ®`­C©MµØªº¥ýª¾¡F·s¬ù®É¥NªºµS¤Ó¤H¡]­C¿qºÙ¬°¡u§A­Ì¡vªº¡^±þ¤F¥D­C¿q¡A¤S»°³v«Où©M¦P¤u¡A¥L­Ì³o¨Ç¤Ï¹ï­C¿q©MºÖ­µ¨ÏªÌªº¦æ®|¡A©µÄò¤F¥L­Ì¯ª©vªº¸o´c¡F´N¬O³o¼Ë¡AµS¤Ó¤H¦b¥L­Ì¾ú¥vªº¨C­Ó®É´Á¡]°ò·þ¨ÓÁ{«e¡B°ò·þ¦b¥@®É¡B°ò·þÂ÷¥@Âk¤÷«á¡^³£¬O¦b¡u¤£Â_¦a°ï¿n¦Û¤vªº¸o¡v¡A¦n¥s¡]¦b¯«ªº­p¹º¤¤¡^¥L­Ì¡u´c³eº¡¬Õ¡v¡]²{¤¤¡^¡C79

 

73 eis to + infinitive(anaple{ro{sai ).

74 ¨Ò¦p¡Gù¤@11¡A¤C4¡A¤K29¡A¤Q¤@11¡A¤Q¤­8¡B16¡FªL«e¤Q6¡A¤Q¤@22¡B33¡F¥±¤@12¡B18¡FµÌ¤@10¡F©««e¤G12¡A¤T2¡B5¡B10¡B13¡F©««á¤G2¡A¤T9¡C¥H¤W¤Q¤E¦¸¡C¦¹µ²ºc¥ç¨£©ó¡Gù¤@20¡A¤T26¡A¥|11¡]¨â¦¸¡^¡B16¡B18¡A¤»12¡A¤Q¤G2¡B3¡A¤Q¤­13¡FªL«e¤K10¡A¤E18¡FªL«á¤@4¡A¥|4¡A¤C3¡FµÌ¤@23¡F©««á¤@5¡A¤G6¡B10¡B11¡B¡C¥H¤W¤G¤Q¦¸¡C§Y«Où®Ñ«H¤@¦@¥|¤Q¤T¦¸¡C

75 Cf. Frame 113; MHT 1.219, 3. 143; A. Oepke, TDNT II 430-431.

76 ¤G¦r­ì¤å¤À§O¬°¡Ganaple{roo{, ple{roo{.

77 Ellicott 32a; Lightfoot 34.

78 Frame 113; Best 118.

79 Cf. Ellicott 32; Lightfoot 35; Ellison, Mystery 18.

 

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80 phthano{.

81 ephthasen ¡× 'prophetic' or 'proleptic' aorist, indicating certainty(Morris II 92; Wolff 23)or imminence(Frame 113-114).

82 Lightfoot 35; Marshall 80.

83 E.g. Dahl, Studies 137.

84 Cf. Best 119-120; Hendriksen 72.

85 eis telos.

86 Lightfoot 35; Ellison, Mystery 18; Bruce 48; G. Delling, TDNT VIII 56; BDF 207(3); Idiom 70. Cf. AV, RV('to the uttermost'), NASB('to the utmost').

87 G. Sta/hlin, TDNT V 434, TDNTA 725. Cf. NEB('for good and all'); Court, 'Apocalyptic Pattern' 64.

88 ¤À§O¨£¡GA. Oepke, TDNT II 426; ¤ÎKim, Origin 98 n.2; Donfried, 'Paul and Judaism' 251-253.

89 Frame 114; Best 121; Ellingworth-Nida 45; R. Schippers, NIDNTT II 61. CF. RSV, NIV('at last').

90 anaplerosai                 auton                                tas hamartias       pantote

    ephthasen               ep' autous             he orge                  eis telos

91 ¤@¨ÇÄÀ¸gªÌ¦X¨Ö²Ä¤@©M²Ä¥|­Ó¸ÑÄÀ¡GMoore 47; Marshall 81.«áªÌ¥ç´£¥XD. Wenhamªº·N¨£¡A§Y¬O±N­ì¤å¤ù»y§@§Î®eµü¸Ñ¬°¡u¤Þ¦Ü¥½¤éªº¡]©Á«ã¡^¡v¡F¦ý¦¹»y¸û¥i¯à§Î®e°Êµü¡uÁ{¨ì¡v¡A¹³¡u±`±`¡v¬O§Î®e¡u¥Rº¡¡v¤@¼Ë¡]¨£¤Wµù¡^¡C

92 ¤À§O¨£¡GG. Fitzer, TDNT IX 91 with n.23; Davies, Studies 125-126.

93 Denney 330; Grayston 75.

94 Munck, Christ and Israel 63-64.

95 Lightfoot 35, 36.

96 Cranfield, '1 Thessalonians 2' 218-219.

97 Jewett, 'Agitators' 205 n.5.

98 E. Bammel, as reported in NTA ¡±4(1959-60)-739; Mearns, 'Eschatological Development' 140.

99 Davies, Studies 125.

100 ¤ñ¸û¡G

              ©««e¤G                          ¤Ó¤Ü¤T

  15   ¡u±þ¡v        apokteinantn                   34       ¡u±þ®`¡v apokteneite

                                                                37       ¡u±þ®`¡v apokteinousa

           ¡u¥ýª¾¡v tous prophetas                29¡B30         ¡u¥ýª¾¡v ton propheton

                                                                31¡B37         ¡u¥ýª¾¡v tous prophetas

           ¡u»°¥X¡v ekdioxanton                     34       ¡u°l¹G¡v dioxete(apo...eis)

    16   ¡u¥Rº¡¡v anaplerosai            32       ¡u¥h¥Rº¡¡v    plerosate

101 R. Schippers(as in n.2 above); Best 121-122.

102 Ellicott 33a; Hendriksen 72; Ellison, Mystery 19.»P©««e¤G16¥»¥y­ì¤å´X¥G§¹¥þ¬Û¦Pªº¸Ü¥ç¨£©ó¤Q¤G±Úªø¿ò°V¤¤¤§§Q¥¼¿ò°V¤»³¹¤Q¤@¸`¡C¦ý³o¸Ü¦b¸Ó³B©M¥»¸`ªº¥Îªk«D±`¤£¦P¡A¬G¤£¤j¥i¯à¬O¤@­Ó§@ªÌ¤Þ¥Î¤F¥t¤@­Ó§@ªÌ¡A¦Ó¸û¥i¯à¬O¤GªÌ¤À§O¤Þ¥Î¤F±Ò¥Ü¤å¾Ç°é¤l©Ò¥Îªº¤@¨Ç¦r¥y¡C°Ñ¡GMarshall 81-82; Best 36, 122-123; Whiteley 10, 49; Frame 115-116.

103 Henneken 39 n.89.

104 ¤À§O¨£¡GMartin, Foundations 2.116; Kim, Origin 98. Cf. Collins 127-128, with reference to B. Noack.

105 Denney 330a; Morris II 90.

106 Lightfoot 33; Frame 106, 110; Bruce I 28.

107 Davies, Studies 126-127. Cf. W. Marxsen, as cited in Bruce 49 and in Marshall 82-83.

108 Cf. Adamson, James 50: 'the rabbis regarded the Palestinian Jews as representing all "the twelve tribes of Israel."'

 

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¤W¤å¡]¤G1-12¤Þ¨¥¡^´¿¸g«ü¥X¡A©«¼»Ã¹¥§­{ªºµS¤Ó¤H¦b«OùÂ÷¶}¤§«á¡AÄ~Äò±Ä¨ú·´Á½¬Fµ¦¡A¥ø¹Ï¨Ï©«¤H¹ï«Oùªº«~®æ¤Î¶ÇºÖ­µªº°Ê¾÷²£¥ÍÃhºÃ¡C¦b¤G³¹¤@¦Ü¤Q¤G¸`¡A«Où¤w´N«H®§¡B°Ê¾÷©M¤èªk¤T¤è­±¬°¦Û¤v©M¦P¤u´£¥X¤F¦³¤Oªº¤Ï»é¡F¥L¦b¥»¬q¶i¤@¨B°w¹ï¥L­Ì¨S¦³¦^©««°±´±æ«H®{ªº¨Æ¹ê´£¥XµªÅG¡C¥L¸ÑÄÀ¥L¦p¦ó¤ÁÄ@¦A¨£¨ì©«¤H¡A¦ý¦]¨üªý¦Ó¤£¯à¦¨¦æ¡]¤G17-20¡^¥L¦p¦ó¹çÄ@¦Û¤v§Ô¨ü©t³æ¤]®t¬£¤F´£¼¯¤Ó¥h°í©T¥L­Ì¡]¤T1-5¡^¡A´£¼¯¤Ó±a¦^¨Óªº¦n®ø®§¦p¦ó¨Ï¥L¥Rº¡·P®¦³ß¼Ö¡]¤T6-10¡^¡A¥L¤S¦p¦óÄ~Äò¬°¥L­Ì¬èë¡]¤T11-13¡^¡C¥L¹ï©«¤HªºÃöÃh¦b¥»¬qªíÅSµL¿ò¡F¥L¤×¨äÃö¤ßªº¬O­n¥L­Ìªº«H¤ß°í©T¤£°Ê·n¡A³o«ä·Q¦b¥»¬q¥X²{¤£¤U¤­¦¸¡]¤T3¡B5¡B6¡B7¡B10¡^¡C

 

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17§Ì¥S­Ì¡A§Ú­Ì¼È®É»P§A­ÌÂ÷§O¡A¬O­±¥ØÂ÷§O¡A¤ßùاY¤£Â÷§O¡F§Ú­Ì·¥¤Oªº·Qªk¤l¡A«ÜÄ@·N¨£§A­Ìªº­±¡C

18©Ò¥H§Ú­Ì¦³·N¨ì§A­Ì¨ºùØ¡F§Ú«Où¦³¤@¨â¦¸­n¥h¡A¥u¬O¼»¦ýªý¾×¤F§Ú­Ì¡C

19§Ú­Ìªº¬ß±æ©M³ß¼Ö¡A¨Ã©Ò¸Øªº«a°Ã¬O¬Æ»ò©O¡H°Z¤£¬O§Ú­Ì¥D­C¿q¨Óªº®É­Ô¡A§A­Ì¦b¥L­±«e¯¸¥ß±o¦í¶Ü¡H

20¦]¬°§A­Ì´N¬O§Ú­ÌªººaÄ£¡A§Ú­Ìªº³ß¼Ö¡C

 

¤G17¡u§Ì¥S­Ì¡A§Ú­Ì¼È®É»P§A­ÌÂ÷§O¡A¬O­±¥ØÂ÷§O¡A¤ßùØ«o¤£Â÷§O¡v

³o¬O«Où²Ä¤­¦¸¿Ë¤Á¦aºÙ©IŪªÌ¬°¡u§Ì¥S­Ì¡v¡]°Ñ¤@4µùÄÀ¡^¡C¡u§Ú­Ì¡v¦^À³²Ä¤Q¤»¸`¡u¤£³\§Ú­Ì¶Ç¹D¡K¡K¡vªº¡u§Ú­Ì¡v¡F­ì¤å¥Î±j½Õ®æ¦¡ªº¥N¦Wµü¡A¥i¯à·t¥Ü³o¡u§Ú­Ì¡v»P¤W¤å­è´£¤Î¤£«HªºµS¤Ó¤H¦¨¬°¹ï¤ñ¡CĶ¬°¡u¼È®É¡vªº­ì¤å¤ù»y¦b·s¬ù¥u¥X²{³o¤@¦¸¡Aª½Ä¶ªº·N«ä¬O¡u¬°®É¤@¥yÄÁªº®É¶¡¡v¡F1¦¹»y¬O¦X¨Ö¨â­Ó¸ûµu¤ù»y2ªºµ²ªG¡A¥[±j¤F¡uµu¼È¡vªº·N«ä¡A¡C«Où¥Î¡u¼È®É¡v¤@µü¨Ó§Î®e¥L©M¦P¤u»P©«¤H¤ÀÂ÷¡Aªí¥Ü¥L­ÌÂ÷¶}©««°«D±`µu¼Èªº®É¶¡¤§«á¡A«K³]ªk­n¦A¨£¨ì¥L­Ì¡A³o´NÅã¥Ü¥L­Ì¹ï©«¤HªºÃöÃh©M·Q©À¬O¦óµ¥²`¤Á¡C¡uÂ÷§O¡vªº­ì¤å3¦b·s¬ù¥u¥X²{³o¤@¦¸¡Aª½Ä¶ªº·N«ä¬O¡u¨Ï¦¨¬°©t¨à¡v¡C¤@¨ÇÄÀ¸gªÌ»{¬°­ì¤å©Ò¥Îªº³Q°ÊÅéºA¤Àµüªº·N«ä¡A´N¬O«Où©M¦P¤u¦n¹³¤÷¥À¡]°Ñ11¸`¡B7¸`¡^³à¥¢¤F¤ß·Rªº¨à¤k¤@¼Ë¡F4¥i¬O¡AÁöµM¦P¦r®Úªº§Î®eµü¥i¸Ñ¬°¡u©t¨à¡v¡]¦p¦b¶®¤@27¡^©Î¦³¸û¼sªº¡u³à¥¢¿Ë¤H¡v¤§·N¡]°Ñ¬ù¤Q¥|18¡^¡A¦Ó«áªÌ¥i«ü¤÷¥À³à¥¢¤l¤k©Î¤l¤k³à¥¢¤÷¥À¡A©Î¥Î©ó¨ä¥LªºÃö«Y¤W¡]¦p¥¢¥h·R¤H¡^¡A5¦ý¦ü¥G¨ÃµLÃÒ¾Ú¤ä«ù¥»¥yªº°Êµü¥ç¦³³oºØ¸û¼sªº¥Îªk¡C¦]¦¹¡A³oµü¸û©y«ö¨ä¦r­±·N¸q¸ÑÄÀ¡A³o¼Ë°µ¥ç·|¨Ï«Oùªº¸Ü§ó¬°¬ð¥X©M¦³¤O¡GÁöµM¥L©M¦P¤u»P©«¤HªºÃö«Y¦³¦p¤÷¥À¤§©ó¤l¤k¡A¦ý·í¥L­Ì¡u³Q¹G/­¢¡K¡KÂ÷¶}¡v¡]·sĶ/«ä°ª¡^©«¤H®É¡A¥L­Ì´N¹³³à¤÷©Î³à¥Àªº«Äµ£¡A«D±`¶Ë¤ßÃø¹L¡C6°£¤F°Êµü¥»¨­¤w§t¦³Â÷§Oªº·N«ä¥~¡AÀH«áªº­ì¤å¤ù»y§ó­«½Æ¤F°Êµü¤¤ªº«e¸mµü¡A7ÂǦ¹±j½Õ¤F¡u¸ò§A­Ì¤ÀÂ÷¡v¡]²{¤¤¡^ªº·N«ä¡C«Où¦p¦¹±j½Õ¥L³Q¹G»P©«¤H¤ÀÂ÷ªºµh­W¡A¹³¥L«ü¥X³o¤ÀÂ÷¥u¬O¡u¼È®É¡vªº¤@¼Ë¡A¥Øªº¬O­n©«¤Hª¾¹D¥L«Ý¥L­Ì±¡¦p¦Ü¿Ë¡C¦P¼Ëªº¥Øªº¨Ï¥L´£¨ì²Ä¤TÂI¡G¦Ü¤Ö´N¥L©M¦P¤u¨Ó»¡¡A¥L­Ì»P©«¤Hªº¤ÀÂ÷¡u¶È¬O­±¥ØÂ÷¶}¡A¦Ó¤£¬O¤ßÂ÷¶}¡v¡]«ä°ª¡^¡F­ì¤å¬O­Ó«D±`²¼äªº¤ù»y¡C8³oºØ¡u­±¡v»P¡u¤ß¡vªº¹ï¤ñ¦b·s¬ù¥t¥~¥X²{¤@¦¸¡]ªL«á¤­12¡^¡A¸Ó³B«ü¥~ªí©M¤º¦b¥Í©Rªº¹ï¤ñ¡]°Ñ¼»¤W¤Q¤»7¡^¡F9¥»¸`ªº¡u­±¥Ø¡vÅãµM»P¡u¨­Åé¡v¦P¸q¡]°Ñ²{¤¤¡B·sĶ¡FªL«e¤­3¡^¡A10¦Ó¡u¤ß¡vÁöµM«O«ù¡u¤Hªº¾ã­Ó¤º¦b¥Í©R¡v¦¹°ò¥»·N«ä¡A¦ý¥i¯à¯S§O«ü«Où©M¦P¤uªº·N§Ó©M·P±¡¡A§Y¬O»¡¡AÁöµM¥L­Ì¤£¯à»P©«¤HÄ~Äò¦P¦b¡A¦ý´N¥L­Ìªº·N§Ó©M·P±¡¨Ó»¡¡A¥L­Ì¬O»P©«¤H¡u¤´¦b¤@°_¡vªº¡]·í¸t¡^¡C11

 

1 pros kairon horas ¡× 'for the period of a brief hour'(G. Delling, TDNT IX 680); horas ¡× genitive of measure(idem, TDNT III 461).Ãö©ókairos¤@¦rªº¥Îªk ¡A¨£¤­1µùÄÀ¡C

2 §Y¥j¨å§Æþ¤åªº\cs15pros kairon¡]¡u¼È®É¡v¡G¸ô¤K13¡FªL«e¤C5¡^©M¸û«á´Áªºpros horan¡]¡u¼È®É¡v¡G¬ù¤­35¡FªL«á¤C8¡Fªù15¡F¡u¤@¨è¡v¡G¥[¤G5¡^¡C¦b«á­±³o¤ù»y©M©««e¤G17©Ò¥Îªº¤ù»yùØ­±¡A¡u¤@¥yÄÁ¡v¦ÛµM¤£¬O«ü¤»¤Q¤ÀÄÁ¡A¦Ó¬Oªí¹Fµu¼Èªº®É¶¡¤§·N(cf. H.- C. Hahn, NIDNTT III 847-848).

3 aporphanizo{.

4 Moore 48; Bruce 54; Marshall 85.

5 Cf. MM 459(s.v. orphanos).

6 Cf. Lightfoot 36; Frame 118; Morris II 93; Best 124.

7 aporphanisthentes...aph~' hymon.

8 prosopoi ou kardiai.

9 «á¨â¸`»P¥»¸`©Ò¥Îªºµ²ºc²¤¬°¤£¦P¡GªL«á¤­12¥Îen prosopoi...en kardiai, ¼»¤W¤Q¤»7¡]¤C¤Q¤hĶ¥»¡^¥Îeis prosopon...eis kardian.

10 ªL«e¤­3ªº¡u¤ß¡v­ì¤å¬O¡uÆF¡v(pneuma).

11 ¤À§O¨£¡GJ. Behm, TDNT III 612; T. Sorg, NIDNTT II 182¤ÎJewett, Anthropological Terms 315. Malherbe(Paul 63)«ü¥X¡AÁöµM«Où¦b¥Lªº«H¤W±`´£¨ì¥L©M¥Lªº±Ð·|¤À¶}ªº¨Æ¹ê¡A¦ý¥L¦b©««e¡]¤G17¦Ü¤T10)©Ò»¡ªº¸Ü¯S§O¶Ë·P¡A³o¬O¥Ñ©ó©«¤Hªº¯S®í³B¹Ò¡G¥L­Ì­è«H¥D¤£¤[¡A¦]¦¹¯S§O»Ý­n¹ªÀy¡A³Ì¦n¬OÂÇ­Ó¤H±µÄ²¦Ó¨Óªº¹ªÀy¡C

 

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Ķ¬°¡u·Qªk¤l¡v¡]·í¸t¦P¡^ªº­ì¤å°Êµü12¦b·s¬ù¥t¥~¥X²{¤Q¦¸¡A·N«ä¤@³e¬O¡u§V¤O¡v¡B¡uºÜ¤O¡v©Î¡uºÉ¤O¡v¡]¥[¤G10¡A²{¤¤¡B«ä°ª¡F¥±¥|3¡F´£«á¤G15¡F¨Ó¥|11¡F©¼«á¤@10¡A²{¤¤¡B·sĶ¡B«ä°ª¡F¤@15¡F¤T14¡A²{¤¤¡B«ä°ª¡B·sĶ¡^¡FÁöµM¦³¤T¦¸¡]´£«á¥|9¡B21¡F¦h¤T12¡^·N«ä¥E¬Ý¬O¡u»°ºò¡v©Î¡u»°§Ö¡v¡]«ä°ª¡^¡A¨ä¹ê°ò¥»¤W¤´¬O¡uºÉ¤O¡v¤§·N¡A¦p²{¥N¤¤¤åĶ¥»©Ò¤Ï¬Mªº¢w¢w¡uºÉ§Ö¡v¡]­ì¤å¥»¨­¦³°Æµü¡u§Ö¡v¦r¡^¡B¡uºÉ¥i¯à¡K¡K»°¨Ó¡v¡B¡uºÉ¥i¯à»°¡K¡K¨Ó¡v¡C³oµü¦b¥»¸`¦P¼Ëªí¹F·¥¤jªº§V¤O¡G13«Où©M¦P¤u¡u·¥¤Oªº·Qªk¤l¡v¡]·í¸t¡G¡u·QºÉªk¤l¡v¡^­n¦A¨£©«¤Hªº­±¡A§Y¬O¦A¦¸±´±æ¥L­Ì¡A¸ò¥L­Ì¦³ÄÝÆFªº·¾³q¡C«Où¤£¶È»¡¡u¨£§A­Ì¡v¡]¤T6¡Fù¤@11¡FªL«e¤Q¤»7¡F°Ñ´£«á¤@4¡^¦Ó¯S§OÁn©ú­n¡u¨£§A­Ìªº­±¡v¡]¤T10¡F°Ñ¦è¤G1¡^¡A¬ð¥X¤F¥L­Ì¡u­±¹ï­±¡v¬Û¨£ªº©Ê½è¡C

¤£¹L¡A©M¦X¥»ªº¡u·¥¤Oªº¡v©M·í¥N¸t¸gªº¡uºÉ¡v¦r¥i¯à¤£¬O¹ï°ÊµüĶªkªº¤@³¡¥÷¡A¦Ó¬O¹ï­ì¤å¦b°Êµü¤§«e¨º­Ó°Æµü14ªºÂ½Ä¶¡CÁöµM³oµü¦b®æ¦¡¤W¬O­Ó¤ñ¸û¯Åªº°Æµü¡A¦ý¤@¨ÇÄÀ¸gªÌ»{¬°³o¬O¥H¤ñ¸û¯Å¥N´À¶W¯Åªº¨Ò¤l¡A¨ä¹ê·N«ä¬O¡u·¥«×¦a¡v¡C15¥i¬O¡A³oµü¦b·s¬ù¥t¥~¥X²{¤Q¤@¦¸¡A¨ä¤¤¤Q¦¸¬Ò¬°¤ñ¸û©Êªº·N«ä¡]ªL«á¤@12¡A¤C13¡B15¡A¤Q¤@23¡e¨â¦¸¡f¡A¤Q¤G15¡F¥[¤@14¡FµÌ¤@14¡F¨Ó¤G1¡A¤Q¤T19¡^¡A¥u¦³¤@¦¸¡]ªL«á¤G4¡^¥i¯à¬O¥Î¦b¶W¯Å©Î·¥¯Åªº·N¸q¤W¡C¦]¦¹¡A³oµü¦b¥»¸`¥ç¸û¥i¯àÄݤñ¸û©Êªº¥Îªk¡A«Oùªº·N«ä¬O¡G¥L©M¦P¤u³Q¹G´£¦­Â÷¶}©««°ªº¨Æ¹ê¡A¤£¦ý¨S¦³´î®z¥L­Ì¹ï©«¤HªºÃh©À¡A¤Ï¦Ó¨Ï¥L­Ì§ó¥[ºÜ¤O­n¦^¥h±´±æ¥L­Ì¡C16Ķ¬°¡u«ÜÄ@·N¡v¡B¡u«D±`´÷±æ¡v¡]·sĶ¡^¡B¡u¼ö¤ÁÄ@±æ¡v¡]«ä°ª¡^ªº­ì¤å¤ù»y17ª½Ä¶¬O¡uÃhú¦«Ü¤jªºÄ@±æ¡v¡F¦¹»y«ö­ì¤å¥y¤lªºµ²ºc¨Ã«D§Î®e¡u¨£¡v¦r¡]¦p¤¤Ä¶¥»¡^¡A¦Ó¬O§Î®e°Êµü¡u·Qªk¤l¡v¡C¡]Ãö©ó¡uÄ@±æ¡v¤@µü¦b«Où®Ñ«Hªº¥Îªk¡A¥i°Ñ¶¾¡G¡uµÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ¡v 153-154¡C¡^

 

12 spoudazo.

13 Cf. G. Harder, TDNT VII 565; W. Bauder, NIDNTT III 1169.

14 perissotero{s.

15 Frame 119; Moore 48-49; Morris II 94 n.52; Ellingworth-Nida 48. Cf. Best 125 ('......approaches the elative usage').

16 Calvin 350; Ellicott 34a; Lightfoot 37; Moffatt 30a; Hendriksen 75; Marshall 85.

17 en polle{i epithymiai.

 

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¡u©Ò¥H¡v­I«áªº­ì¤å»P²Ä¤K¸`ªº¡u¦]¡v¦r¬Û¦P¡]¨£¸Ó³BµùÄÀ¡^¡A¨ä·N«ä¤£¬O¡u©Ò¥H¡v©Î¡u¦]¦¹¡v¡]·sĶ¡^¡A¦Ó¬O¡u¦]¬°¡v¡F´«¨¥¤§¡A«Où²{¦b¥i¯à¬O´£¥XÃÒ¾Ú¡A¨ÓÃÒ©ú¥L©M¦P¤u«D±`´÷±æ¦A¨£¨ì©«¤H¡A©Î¡]§ó¥i¯à¦a¡^¬OÁ|¥X²z¥Ñ¡A¸ÑÄÀ¥L­Ì¬°¬Æ»òºÜ¤O­n¦^¥h±´±æ©«¤H¡C18Ķ¬°¡u¦³·N¡vªº­ì¤å°Êµü19¦b·s¬ù¦@¥Î¤F¤G¦Ê¹s¤K¦¸¡A«Où®Ñ«H¦û¤F¤»¤Q¤@¦¸¡A¤£¹L¦b¥»®Ñ©M«á®Ñ¥t¥~¥u¥X²{¨â¦¸¡F³o¨â¦¸¤À§O»¡©ú¤F³oµü³Ì±`¨£ªº¨â­Ó·N«ä¡A§Y¬Oªí¹FÄ@±æªº¡uÄ@·N¡v¡]¥|13¡F²{¤¤¡u§Æ±æ¡v¡^¡A¥H¤Îªí¹F·N§Ó©M¨M¤ßªº¡uÄ@·N¡v¡]©««á¤T10¡A«ä°ª¡F©M¦X¡B·sĶ¡uªÖ¡v¡^¡C¥Ñ©ó¥»¸`³Ì«á¤@¥y´£¨ì¼»¦ýªºªý¼¸¡A³oµü¦b¥»¸`ªº·N«ä¥i¯à¤£¥u¬O¡u¦³·N¡v¡B¡u«Ü·Q¡v¡]²{¤¤¡B·sĶ¡^©Î¡u¤ÁÄ@¡v¡]«ä°ª¡^¡A¦Ó¬O¡u¥ß¤ß¡v¡]·í¸t¡^¡Aªí¥Üú¦°í¨Mªº¥Øªº©M¿n·¥ªº­p¹º¡C20¡u§Ú­Ì¡v¤£¬O«H¥¾¦¡ªº½Æ¼Æ¡A«ü«Où¡A21¦Ó¬O¯u¥¿ªº½Æ¼Æ¡A«ü«Où©M¦P¤u¡G¥L­Ì¡u·¥¤Oªº·Qªk¤l¡v¦^¥h±´±æ©«¤H¡A¦]¬°¥L­Ì¦³³o¼Ëªº¨M¤ß¡C

±µú¦ªº¤@¥y¬O´¡¤J¥y¡F§Ú­Ì¤£Ãø·Q¹³«Où¦b¤f­z¦¹«H¤§»Ú¡A©Î¦b¥Nµ§¤H½Æ­z¼g¦nªº«Hµ¹¥LÅ¥ªº®É­Ô¡A¦b¦¹³B¥[¤W³o¥y¡C³oùسæ¼Æªº¡u§Ú¡v¦r¦b­ì¤å¬O±j½Õ®æ¦¡ªº¥N¦Wµü¡A·t¥Ü¡u§Ú«Où¡v»P¨ä¥L¤G¦ì¦P¤u¡]¦è©Ô¤Î´£¼¯¤Ó¡^¤§¶¡ªº¹ï¤ñ¡A­ì¤å¦b¡u§Ú¡v©M¡u«Où¡v¤§¶¡ªº¤p¦r¡A¶i¤@¨B±j½Õ¤F³æ¼Æªº¡u§Ú¡v¦r¡Aªí©ú«Où¬O¸ò¨ä¥L¨â¦ì¦P¤u¤À¶}ªº¡F22¤£¹L¡A³o¡u¹ï¤ñ¡vªº·N«ä¤£¬O»¡¨ä¥L¨â¦ì¦P¤u¤£¹³«Où¨º»ò°í¨M©M¿n·¥¡A¦Ó¥uªí¥Ü«Où²{¦b±N¦Û¤v¯S§O´£Á|¥X¨Ó¡A¦]¬°¥L¬OµS¤Ó¤Hªº·´Á½¯S§Oªº¥Ø¼Ð¡C¡u¦³¤@¨â¦¸¡vªº­ì¤å¤ù»y23¦b·s¬ù¥u¥X²{¥t¤@¦¸¡]µÌ¥|16¡^¡A³o¬O¥Ñ¤T­Ó¤p¦rºc¦¨ªººD¥Î»y¡]¸Ô°Ñ¶¾¡G¡uµÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ¡v 481-482¡^¡A·N«ä¬O¡u¤@¦A¡v¡]·sĶ¡A°Ñ«ä°ª¡^¡B¡u¤£¥u¤@¦¸¡v¡]²{¤¤¡B·í¸t¡^¡C³o¤ù»y¤§«eªº­ì¤å¤p¦r¦³¥[±j·N«äªº§@¥Î¡G«Où¤£¦ý´¿¡u¥ß¤ß¡v¦^¥h±´±æ©«¤H¡A¡u¦Ó¥B¡v¤£¥u¤@¦¸³o¼Ë§@¡C24¤£¥u¤@¦¸µ¥©ó¦Ü¤Ö¨â¦¸¡F³o¼Ë¬Ý¨Ó¡A«Où¦b§È­ù¨È¡]®{¤Q¤C10-14¡^¥H¤Î¦b¶®¨å¡]©Î¦b©¹¶®¨åªº³~¤W¡A®{¤Q¤C15-16¡^¡A³£´¿­p¹º©M¸Õ¹Ï­«³X©«¤H¡C

 

18 ¤À§O¨£¡GLightfoot 37; Bruce 55¤ÎMarshall 85.

19 thelo{.

20 ¤À§O¨£¡GFrame 120; Bultmann, Theology 1.223¤ÎFindlay 58-59; Marshall 85.

21 Robertson, Pictures 4.23; Zerwick 8.

22 Ellicott 35a. men(without de) ¡× anacoluthon(BDF 447.2). ego Paulos¡]¡u§Ú«Où¡v¡^¦b«Où®Ñ«H¥t¥~¥X²{¤­¦¸¡]ªL«á¤Q1¡F¦p¤­2¡F¥±¤T1¡F¦è¤@23¡Fªù19)¡A¨C¦¸¬Ò¦³±j½Õ§@¥Î¡CMalherbe(Paul 64)»{¬°¦¹»y¦b¥»¸`¡BªL«á¤Q1¤Îªù19ªº§@¥Î¬O¼W±j¤F«Oùªº¸Ü¹ïŪªÌ·P±¡¤Wªº¼vÅT¤O¡C

23 hapax ka dis.

24 kai ¡× ascensive(Frame 120; Morris II 95 n.54).

 

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®Ú¾Ú¡u¼»¦ý¡v³o¦W¦r¦b¨ä¤¤¥X²{ªº¤@¨Ç¸g¤å¡]¥]¬A«Où®Ñ«Hªº¤Q¦¸¡^¡A§Ú­Ì¥i¥H²¤¿s¼»¦ýªº¬¡°Ê©M©R¹B¡C±qºÖ­µ®Ñ©M¨Ï®{¦æ¶Ç¥i¨£¡A¨e¸Õ±´­C¿q¡]¥i¤@13¡^¡A¥Î¯e¯f®¹¸j¨º¾m­I¤Q¤K¦~ªº¤k¤H¡]¸ô¤Q¤T16¡^¡A¶i¤JµS¤jªº¤ß¨Ï¥L¥X½æ­C¿q¡]¸ô¤Ü¤G3¡^¡A¨ú¥h¼»¦b¤H¤ßùتº¹DºØ¡]¥i¥|15¡^¡A¸Õ±´ªù®{ªº«H¤ß¡A¿z¥L­Ì¹³¿z³Á¤l¤@¼Ë¡]¸ô¤Ü¤G31¡^¡A¤S¥Rº¡¨È®³¥§¨Èªº¤ß¡A¥s¥L´Û«¡¸tÆF¡]®{¤­3¡^¡C«Où®Ñ«HÅý§Ú­Ì¬Ý¨£¡A¼»¦ý¯à§Q¥Î¤Hªº©Ê¼¤¤Þ»¤¥L­Ì¡]¥]¬A«H®{¡GªL«e¤C5¡^¡A§Q¥Î±Ð·|¹L«×ÄY¼FªºÃgªv¦Ó¦ûÀu¶Õ¡B¦û«K©y¡]ªL«á¤G11¡A²{¤¤¡A«ä°ª¡^¡A¸Ë°µ¥ú©úªº¤Ñ¨Ï¡A¦b±Ð·|ªº«H¥õ¤è­±¥H°²¶Ã¯u¡]ªL«á¤Q¤@14¡^¡A§ðÀ»¥D¹²ªº¨­Åé¡]ªL«á¤Q¤G7¡^¡AÄdªý¥L­Ìªº¹D¸ô¡]©««e¤G18¡^¡A¤S¯à±N¨­Å骺¨a®`¥[µ¹¤H¡]´£«e¤@20¡^¡A¬Æ¦Ü±ÑÃa¤Hªº¨­Åé¡]ªL«e¤­5¡^¡F¨eªºÀH±qªÌ¥]¬A¤@¨Ç¡u¼o±ó¤F·íªì©Ò³\ªºÄ@¡v¦Ó¦A¶ù¡A©Î¬OÃi´kÄǦުº¦~»´¹è°ü¡]´£«e¤­15¡A°Ñ11-14¸`¡^¡F¨e¦b¥½¤éªº¬¡°Ê¥]¬A¨Ï¨º¡u¤£ªkªº¤H¡K¡K¦æ¦U¼Ëªº²§¯à©_ÂÝ©M¯î½Ïªº¨Æ¡A¨Ã¥B¦b¨º¨Ç¨I²_ªº¤H¨­¤W¡A¦æ¦U¼Ë¤£¸qªº´Û¶B¡v¡]©««á¤G9-10¡A·sĶ¡^¡CµM¦Ó¡A¼»¦ýªº±Ñ¸¨¬O¤w¦¨©w§½ªº¡G­C¿q´¿¡u¬Ý¨£¼»¦ý±q¤Ñ¤W¼Y¸¨¡v¡]¸ô¤Q18¡^¡AÍ¢ªººÖ­µ¯à¨Ï¤H¡u±q¼»¦ýÅv¤UÂk¦V¯«¡v¡]®{¤Ü¤»18¡^¡AÍ¢ÂǨϮ{«OùÀ³³\«H®{»¡¡A¡u½ç¥­¦wªº¡@¯«§Ö­n±N¼»¦ý½î½ñ¦b§A­Ì¸}¤U¡v¡]ù¤Q¤»20¡^¡F¨e³Ì«áªºµ²§½¡A¬O¡u³Q¥µ¦b²¸ÁDªº¤õ´òùØ¡A¡K¡Kª½¨ì¥Ã¥Ã»·»·¡v¡]±Ò¤G¤Q10¡A°Ñ7¸`¡B3¸`¡^¡C

¼»¦ý«ç¼Ëªý¾×«Où©M¦P¤u¡A¨Ï¥L­Ì¤£¯à¦^©««°±´±æ«H®{©O¡HÄÀ¸gªÌ¹ï¦¹°ÝÃD´£¨Ñ¤F³\¦h¤£¦Pªºµª®×¡A¨Ò¦p¡G¡]¤@¡^«OùªºªB¤Í¡A§Y¬O­C®]©M´X­Ó§Ì¥S¡A¥¼¸g«Où¦P·N¦Ó¬°¥Lñ«O¡]®{¤Q¤C9¡^¡A¨Ï¥L¤£¯à¦A¨ì©««°¡F©««°ªº¦a¤è©x¥i¯à¬Æ¦Ü¤U¥O¡A¸T¤î¨º¨Ç«Å±Ð¤h¦b¥ô¦ó±¡ªp¤U¦A¦¸¤J¹Ò¡C29¦¹»¡ªº²Ä¤@­Ó§xÃø¡A´N¬O¨Æ¹ê¤W´£¼¯¤Ó«á¨Ó¦^¥h±´±æ¤F©«¤H¡]¤T1¡B6¡^¡F¤£¹L¡A¨Ï®{¦æ¶Ç¤Q¤C³¹¤­¸`©M¤Q¸`¥u´£¨ì«Où©M¦è©Ô¡A¦]¦¹¥i¯à´£¼¯¤Ó¦b©««°¨S¦³¨ü¨ì²³¤Hªºª`·N¡]¥L¦b«Å±Ð¶¤¥î¤¤ªº¦a¦ìÅãµM¤£¤Î«Où©M¦è©Ô¡F¤]³\¡A¥Ñ©ó¥L¤÷¿Ë¬O§Æ§Q¥§¤H¡A¥Lªº¼Ë¤l¹³§Æþ¤H¡A¦b¤@­Ó§Æþ¤Hªº«°¥«¤¤¤£¹³¨ä¥L¤G¤H¨º»ò®e©ö¨ü¤Hª`·N¡e°Ñ®{¤Q¤»20¡f¡^¡A¥LÂ÷¶}©««°©¹§È­ù¨È¤]¬O¦b«Où©M¦è©Ô¤§«á¿W¦Û«e¥hªº¡C30¸û¤jªº§xÃø¡A¬O¤£¦ý«Où©M¦P¤u¥ß¤ß¨Ã¸Õ¹Ï¦^©««°¥h¡]¤G17-18¡^¡A¦Ó¥B©«¤H¥çÅãµM´Á«Ý¥L­Ì·|¦^¨Ó¡A¤£µMªº¸Ü¡AµS¤Ó¤H´N«Å±Ð¤h¤£¦^¨Óªº¨Æ¹ê§ðÀ»¥L­Ì¡A³oÂI¹ï©«¤H«K·|¥¢¥h¨ä¤O¶q¡C³o¼Ë¬Ý¨Ó¡A­C®]©M¨ä¾lªº¤Hªº¡u«Oª¬¡v¡A¨Ã¤£²o¯A«Où¤Î¦P¤u¤£¯à¦^¨ì©««°¡A¦Ó¥i¯à¥u¬OÅ¢²Î©Ê¦a¾á«O¨º¨Ç«Å±Ð¤h·|©^¤½¦uªk¡A©Î¤£·|¤Þ°_ÄÌ°Ê¡C31¡]¤G¡^«OùºÖ­µ¤u§@·í®É«æ­¢ªº»Ý­n¡A¨Ï¥LµLªk¦¨¦æ¡C32¦ý§Ú­ÌÃø¥H·Q¹³¡A«Où·|§âºÖ­µ¤u§@ªºÀ£¤Oµø¬°¼»¦ýªºÄdªý¡C¡]¤T¡^«Où¦]¯f¢w¢w¼»¦ýªº®t§Ð§ðÀ»¥Lªº¨­Åé¡]ªL«á¤Q¤G7¡^¢w¢w¨Ï«Å±Ð¤h¤£¯à¦¨¦æ¡A¦]¥L¬O¤T¤H¤¤ªº»â³S©M³Ì­«­nªº¦¨­û¡A¥L¯f­Ë¤F¡A¨ä¾l¤G¤H¤]¥u¦nµ¥«Ý¡C33¤Ï¹ï³o¬Ýªkªº¤@­Ó²z¥Ñ¬O¸Ó¬q¸g¤å©Ò´£§ðÀ»ªºµ²ªG¡A¤£¬Oªý¼¸«Où¡A¦Ó¬OÁë½m¥L¡A¨Ï¥L¦bºÖ­µ¤u§@¤W§ó¦³¥Î¡F34¦¹¥~¡A¥H¤Ú¥±´£¯f±o¡u´X¥G­n¦º¡v¡A«Oùªº¸ÑÄÀ¬O¡u¦]¥L¬°§@°ò·þªº¤u¤Ò¡v¡]µÌ¤G27¡B30¡^¡A¦Ó¤£¬O¦]¥L¨ü¼»¦ýªº§ðÀ»©ÎÄdªý¡F«Où³X°Ýù°¨ªº­p¹º¦h¦¸¨üªý¡]ù¤@13¡A¤Q¤­\cs1622¡^¡A¦ý¥L¨S¦³»¡¬O¥Ñ©ó¼»¦ýªºªý¼¸¡CŲ©ó³o¨Ç¨ãÅ骺¸ÑÄÀ³£¤£¯à¥O¤Hº¡·N¡A§Ú­Ì¥u¯à©Ó»{¤£ª¾¹D«Où©Ò«üªº¬O¬Æ»ò¡F§Ú­Ì³Ì¦h¤]¥u¯àÅ¢²Î¦a»¡¡A¼»¦ýªºªý¼¸¸ò¨º¨Ç«Å±Ð¤h·í®Éªº³B¹Ò¦³Ãö¡F¦Ü©ó¹ê¦bªº§xÃø¬O¬Æ»ò¢w¢w¬O¤@³s¦êªº¡u·N¥~¡v¡A¥]¬A®Èµ{ªº¦w±Æ¤W¥X¤F°ÝÃD¡H¬OµS¤Ó¤H³]­p­n±þ®`«Où¡H35¬O¨ä¥L¨Æ±¡¡H¢w¢w§Ú­Ì¤£©yÁr´ú¡A¨ä¹ê¤]µL±qª¾¹D¡CµL½×¦p¦ó¡A«Où¤£»Ý­n¦b«H¤W¸ÑÄÀ¡u¼»¦ýªý¾×¤F§Ú­Ì¡v³o¸Üªº·N«ä¡A¦]¬°©«¤HµLºÃ¤w±q´£¼¯¤Ó¤f¤¤Àò±o¤Fµª®×¡C

¦ý«Où¦p¦ó¤À¿ë¨º¤@¨Ç»Ùê¬O¥X©ó¯«¡A©Î¦Ü¤Ö¦³¯«ªº³\¥i¡]°Ñ®{¤Q¤»6-7¡FªL«á¤Q¤G7-9¡^¡A¨º¤@¨Ç¬O¨Ó¦Û¼»¦ý¡H¥[º¸¤å»¡¡A¡u·í§Ú­Ì¬O¬°¥Dªº¤u§@¦Ó§V¤O®É¡A¥ô¦óªº»Ùê³£µLºÃ¬O¨Ó¦Û¼»¦ýªº¡v¡F36¦ý³o¸Ü¦ü¥G¦³ÂI¹L¥÷¡C¤]³\«Où¹ï¯«ªº¦®·N±Ó·P¨ì¤@­Óµ{«×¡A¯à§Y®É¿ë§O»Ùꪺ¨Ó·½¡F¤]³\¥L¨Æ«á¦^ÅU¡A¬Ý¥X¤@¨Ç»Ùê¨ä¹ê¦³¯«ªº¦®·N©M­p¹º¦b¨ä¤¤¡A¦]¬°¨Æ¹êÃÒ©ú¨º¨Ç»Ùêµ²ªG¨ÏºÖ­µ¤u§@¦V«e±À¶i¡]°ÑµÌ¤@12-14¡^¡A¦ý¥t¤@¨Ç»Ùê«h¥u±a¨Ó­t­±ªºµ²ªG¡A¨ÏºÖ­µ¤u§@¨ü·l¡C37

 

25 enkopto{.

26 G. Sta/hlin, TDNT III 855.

27 satanas¡]nominative:¥»¸`¡FªL«e¤C5¡FªL«á¤Q¤@14¡^, satanan¡]accusative:ù¤Q¤» 20¡^, satana¡]genitive:©««á¤G9¡FªL«á¤G11¡A¤Q¤G7¡F´£«e¤­15¡^, satanai¡]dative:ªL«e¤­5¡F´£«e¤@10¡^¡C

28 ¦¹¸`©M«e¤T¸`ªº¡u¤³¼Ä¡v¦b­ì¤å¤À§O¬O¡Gantidikos, echthros.

29 ¤À§O¨£¡GBruce 55(following W.M. Ramsay), II 995b¤ÎFindlay 60; Veldkamp 59.

30 Harrison, Acts 262, 264; Bruce 64.

31 Frame 4; Moore 3; Best 4, 6; Morris II 19.°Ñ¾É½×²Äúâ¸`²Ä¤C¬q¡C

32 Moffatt 30.

33 Manson, Studies 271 n.1; Stendahl, Paul 43. G. Sta/hlin(TDNT III 856)»{¬°©Ò«üªº¥i¯à¬O¯e¯f¡A©Î©««°¦a¤è©xªº¸T¥O¡FC.H. Preisker(NIDNTT II 221)¤]¬O»{¬°¥i¯à«ü¯e¯f¡A©ÎµS¤Ó¤Hªº­p¿Ñ¡C

34 Bruce 55-56.

35 ¤À§O¨£¡GWhiteley 50, 22; Denney 332.

36 Calvin 351.

37 Neil 58; Best 127; Bruce 58¡D

 

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¡u«a°Ã¡v¤@µüªº­ì¤å¦b·s¬ù¤@¦@¥X²{¤Q¤K¦¸¡A¦P¦r®Úªº°Êµü¡u«a¡v¦r40¤T¦¸¡]´£«á¤G5¡F¨Ó¤G7¡B9¡^¡C°£¤F±Ò¥Ü¿ýªº¹Ï¶H¤¤¤»¦¸´£¨ì¤£¦P¤Hª«ÀY¤Wªº«a°Ã¥~¡]±Ò¥|4¡B10¡A¤»2¡A¤E7¡A¤Q¤G1¡A¤Q¥|14¡^¡A¦¹²Õ¦r·J©Ò´£¤Îªº¡u«a°Ã¡v41¤j­P¥i¤À¬°¥|ºØ¡G¡]¤@¡^§L¤BÀ¹¦b­C¿qÀY¤Wªº¡u¯ð´Æ«a°Ã¡v¡]¬ù¤Q¤E5¡B2¡F¥i¤Q¤­17¡F¤Ó¤Ü¤C29¡^¡F¡]¤G¡^­C¿q¦]¬°¨ü¦ºªº­W¦Ó±oªº¡uºaÄ£¡B´L¶QªºµØ«a¡v¡]¨Ó¤G9¡A²{¤¤¡^¡A³o«a°Ã¬O¯«¦b³Ð³yªº­ì·N¤¤½çµ¹¤Hªº¡]¨Ó¤G7¡^¡F¡]¤T¡^Àò³Óªº¹B°Ê­û©Ò±oªº«a°Ã¡]´£«á¤G5¡F±Ò¤T11¡^¡A¥Î¨Ó¤ñ³ë«H®{©Ò±o¥ÃùÚªº½à½ç¢w¢w¡u¤½¸qªº«a°Ã¡v¡]´£«á¥|8¡^¡B¡u¥Í©Rªº«a°Ã¡v¡]¶®¤@12¡F±Ò¤G10¡^¡B¡u¥Ã¤£°I´ÝªººaÄ£«a°Ã¡v¡]©¼«e¤­4¡^¡A³o¡u¤£¯àÃaªº«a°Ã¡v»P¡u¯àÃaªº«a°Ã¡v¬Û¹ï¡]ªL«e¤E25¡^¡F¡]¥|¡^²Ä¤TºØ«a°Ã¤§¤Uªº¯S§O¨Ò¤l¡G«Où¥HµÌ¥ß¤ñ±Ð·|©M©«¼»Ã¹¥§­{±Ð·|¬°¥Lªº«a°Ã¡]µÌ¥|1¡F©««e¥»¸`¡^¡C¥»¸`¥Î¡u«a°Ã¡v³ë±Ð·|ªº·N«ä¬O¡G©«¤H­Y©¾¸Û¹ï¥Dª½¨ìÍ¢¦A¨Ó¡A´Nªí¥Ü«Où©M¦P¤uªº¤uµ{¸g¹L°ò·þ¯P¤õªº¦ÒÅç¦Ó¦s±o¦í¡A¦]¦¹¥i±o«a°Ã¬°½à½ç¡]ªL«e¤T13-14¡^¡C

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«ö­ì¤åªº¦¸§Ç¡A«Où»¡§¹¡u¦]¬°¬Æ»ò¬O§Ú­Ìªº¬ß±æ©Î³ß¼Ö©Î©Ò¸ØÄ£ªº«a°Ã¡v«á¡AÀH§Y´¡¤J¡u¤£´N¬O§A­Ì¶Ü¡H¡v¤@¥y¡AµM«á¤~Ä~Äò»¡¡u¦b§Ú­Ì¥D­C¿q­±«e¡A·íÍ¢¦A¨Óªº®É­Ô¡v¨Ó§¹¦¨­ì¥ýªº°ÝÃD¡C´¡¤Jªº°Ý¥y¦b­ì¤å¥u¬O¥|­Ó¤p¦r¡A¦ý¬Ý¨Ó¤w¸g¦X¨Ö¤F¨â­Ó­«Å|ªº°ÝÃD¢w¢w¡u°£¤F§A­ÌÁÙ¦³½Ö¡H¡v©M¡u¤£´N¬O§A­Ì¶Ü¡H¡v46¨âªÌ¦P®É±j½Õ¤F¡u§A­Ì¹ê¦b¬O¡vªº·N«ä¡A¤£¹L«eªÌ¡]¡u¥u¦³§A­Ì¤~¬O¡v¡^ªº¯u½T©Ê­È±oÃhºÃ¡]°ÑµÌ¥|1¡FÁöµMµÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñªº¦¨®Ñ¤é´Á»·¦b¥»®Ñ¤§«á¡A¦ýµÌ¥ß¤ñ±Ð·|ªº¦¨¥ß¬O¦b©«¼»Ã¹¥§­{±Ð·|¤§«e¡^¡A¦]¦¹¥t¤@­Ó¸ÑÄÀ¥i¯à¸û¬°¥i¨ú¡G´N¬O±N´¡¤J¥yªº²Ä¤@­Ó¤p¦r¬Ý¬°»P¤Þ¤¶¤@­Ó°Ý¥yªº¤p¦r¦P¸q¡A47³o¼Ë¡A´¡¤J¥y´N¥u°Ý¤F¤@­Ó°ÝÃD¢w¢w¡u¤£´N¬O§A­Ì¶Ü¡H¡v³o¸Ü¨Ã¤£ªí¥Ü¥u¦³©«¤H¤~¬O«Où©M¦P¤uªº¬ß±æ¡B³ß¼Ö©M©Ò¸ØÄ£ªº«a°Ã¡CĶ¬°¡u´N¡vªº­ì¤å¤p¦r¥ç¥i½Ķ¬°¡u¤]¡v¡A¨ä§@¥Î¦P¼Ë¬Oªí¹F¡u§A­Ì¡A¸ò§Ú¨ä¥Lªº±Ð·|¤@°_¡v¡B¡u§A­Ì¡A¤£¦¸©ó§Ú©Ò±a»âÂk¥Dªº¨ä¥L«H®{¡vªº«ä·Q¡F«Où¦ü¥G¤´µM¬O°w¹ïú¦µS¤Ó¤Hªº·´Á½¦Ó¹ï©«¤H»¡¡G¡u¥L­Ì»z§i§Ú­Ì¤£Ãö¤ß§A­Ì¡A¹³Ãö¤ß§Oªº±Ð·|¨º¼Ë¡A¦ý§Ú­Ìªº¬ß±æ¡K¡K¤£¤]´N¬O§A­Ì¶Ü¡H¡v48«OùºÙµÌ¥ß¤ñ±Ð·|¬°¥Lªº³ß¼Ö©M¥Lªº«a°Ã¡]µÌ¥|1¡^¡A¨ä­«ÂI¬O¦b²{¤µ¢w¢wµÌ¥ß¤ñ¤H¦p¤µ´N¬O«Oùªº³ß¼Ö©M«a°Ã¡AÁöµM¦¹¨Æ¦b°ò·þªº¤é¤l¡]µÌ¤G16¡^·|§ó¥[©úÅã¡]°Ñ¶¾¡G¡uµÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ¡v 418-419¡^¡C¥»¸`ªº­«ÂI­è¦n¬Û¤Ï¡G¥Ñ©ó©«¤H¦b½Ñ¯ë±wÃø¤¤¤´µM¾a¥D¯¸¥ß±oí¡A¥L­Ì¦p¤µ¤w¬O«Oùªº³ß¼Ö¡]°Ñ¤T8-9¡^¡A¦ý¥L­Ì­YÄ~Äò¾a¥D¯¸¥ß±oÁô¡A¥L­Ì«K·|½T¨Ï«Où¦b°ò·þ¼f§P¤§¤éÀò±o«a°Ã¬°½à½ç¡A¦Ó«Où¦b¦¹·Q¤Îªº¬O±N¨Óªº¤@­±¡A¦¹ÂI¥ÑÀH«áªº¨â­Ó¤ù»y²M·¡ªí©ú¥X¨Ó¡C49

¡u¦b§Ú­Ì¥D­C¿q­±«e¡v©ó¦¹»P¡u¦b°ò·þ¡eªº¼f§P¡f»O«e¡v¡]ªL«á¤­10¡^¦P¸q¡C¦b¡u·íÍ¢¨ÓÁ{®É¡v¡]°Ñ«ä°ª¡^¤@»y¤¤¡A­ì¤å©Ò¥Îªº¬O­Ó«Ü¦³½ìªº¦Wµü¡G50¦b¸t¸g¥H¥~ªº§Æþ¤åÄm¤¤¡A³oµü¥i«ü¯«©ú¹ï¤H¦³À°§Uªº¡uÅã²{¡v¡A¤]¥i«ü²ÎªvªÌ©Î°ª©xªº¡u¨ì³X¡v¡]³Q³Xªº«°É]©Î¦a°Ï·|Á|¦æ²±¤j©M¶©­«ªºÅwªï»ö¦¡¡^¡AÁÙ¥i¥H«ü²½ªÁ®É¯«©úªº¡u¦P¦b¡v¡]Áö¬O¦×²´¤£¯à¨£ªº¡^¤Î¯«¤õªº¡uÅã²{¡v¡F³o¨Ç³£ÄÝ©ó±Mªù©Êªº¥Îªk¡C51¦b·s¬ùùØ­±¡A¦¹µü¦@¥X²{¤G¤Q¥|¦¸¡]«Où®Ñ«H¦û¤F¤Q¥|¦¸¡^¡A¨ä¤¤¤»¦¸ÄÝ©ó«D±Mªù©Ê¥Îªk¡A«ü¦³¤H¡u¨Ó¨ì¡v¡]ªL«á¤C6¡B7¡^©Î¡u¦b¡v¡]ªL«á¤Q10¡FµÌ¤@26¡A¤G12¡^©Î¦P®É¥]¬A¤GªÌ¡]ªL«e¤Q¤»17¡^¡F52¨ä¾l¤Q¤K¦¸¬Ò¦³¨ä±Mªù©Ê·N«ä¡A¤Q¤C¦¸«ü°ò·þªº¦A¨Ó¡]¥»¸`¡A¤T13¡A¥|15¡A¤­23¡F©««á¤G1¡B8¡FªL«e¤Q¤­23¡F¶®¤­7¡B8¡F©¼«á¤@16¡A¤T4¡B12¡F¬ù³ü¤G28¡A¥]¬A¥|¦¸«ü¤H¤lªº¡u­°Á{¡v¡]¤Ó¤Ü¥|3¡B27¡B37¡B39¡^¡A¥t¤@¦¸«ü¤£ªkªº¤Hªº¨ÓÁ{¡]©««á¤G9¡^¡C«Où¬O²Ä¤@­Ó¥Î³oµü¨Ó«ü°ò·þºaÄ£¦AÁ{ªº°ò·þ®{§@ªÌ¡A53¦Ó¥»¸`´N¬O¦¹¥Îªk¦b¤åÄm¤Wªº­º­Ó¨Ò¤l¡C³oµüªº¥@«U¥Îªk¡]«ü¯«©úÅã²{¡B§g¤ý¨ì³X¡F¤×¨ä«áªÌ¡^54¬O·s¬ù±Mªù¥ÎªkªºÃþ¤ñ¡A¤£¹L°ò·þ¦AÁ{¦¹«ä·Qªº®Ú·½«h¬O¦b¬ù©MµS¤Ó±Ðªº«H¥õ¡G¬ù¡u­C©MµØªº¤é¤l¡v¬O¯«¼f§P´c¤H¨Ã¬@±ÏÍ¢ªº¤l¥Á¤§¤é¡]ÁɤQ¤T6¡Fµ²¤T¤Q3¡FÒ­¤T14¡F¼¯¤­18¡Fµf¤@14¡^¡A¦¹¤é¤l¦b·s¬ù¡]¡u¯«ªº¤é¤l¡v¡G©¼«á¤T12¡^³q±`ºÙ¬°¡u¥Dªº¤é¤l¡v©Î¡u¥D­C¿qªº¤é¤l¡vµ¥¡A¥ç§Y¬O°ò·þ¦AÁ{¤§¤é¡]°Ñ¤­2µùÄÀ¡^¡C¬ù¡u­C©MµØªº¤é¤l¡vÅܦ¨·s¬ù¡u°ò·þªº¤é¤l¡v¡A¬O³z¹LºÖ­µ®Ñ¡u¤H¤lªº¤é¤l¡v¡]¸ô¤Q¤C24¡B30¡^ªº¾ô¼Ù¡C

«ö¥j¥Nªº²ßºD¡A§g¤ý¨ì³X®É¡A¥Lªº¤l¥Á·|§â«a°Ã§eÄmµ¹¥L¡A¥H¥Ü®Ä©¾¤§·N¡F¦]¦¹¦³¾ÇªÌ»{¬°¡A¤]³\«Où¦b¥»¸`±N©«¤Hµø¬°¥L­n¦V¦A¨Óªº°ò·þ§eÄmªº°^ª«¡C55¤£¹L¡A¥Ñ©ó¡u¦b§Ú­Ì¥D­C¿q­±«e¡v¤@»y©Ò´£¥Üªº¬O¼f§Pªº·N«ä¡]°ÑªL«á¤­10¡F©««e¤T13¡^¡A¡u©Ò¸Øªº«a°Ã¡v¸û¥i¯à¬O«ü«Où©ÒÀò±oªº«a°Ã¡]¦p¤W¤å¸ÑÄÀªº¡^¡A¦Ó¤£¬O«ü¥L©Ò§eÄmªº«a°Ã¡C³o¥¿¬O°ò·þ¦AÁ{»P§g¤ý¨ì³X¤§¶¡ªº¤@¤j¤À§O¡G¦a¤Wªº§g¤ý´Á«Ý­n±µ¨ü«a°Ã¡A¤Ñ¤Wªº§g¤ý«h½ç¤H«a°Ã¡C

 

38 BDF 446; MHT 3.334.¥»¸`ªºhe{mo{n¡]¡u§Ú­Ìªº¡v¡^©ñ¦b¤T­Ó¦Wµü¤§«e¡]³q±`ªº¦¸§Ç¬O¦Wµü¦b¥ý¡^¡A¹³¤@3ªºhymo{n¡]¡u§A­Ìªº¡v¡^¤@¼Ë¡A¬O¬°­n§K¥h­«½Æ(MHT 3.190).

39 Not 'faith', but 'confidence'(Best 128), 'basis of...confidence'(Marshall 87).

40 ­ì¤å¤À§O¬°¡Gstephanos, stephanoo{.

41 ¡u«a°Ã¡v¦b­ì¤å¥t¦³¨â­Ó¦r¡Gdiade{ma, «ü¤ýªÌªº«a°Ã¡]±Ò¤Q¤G3¡A¤Q¤T1¡A¤Q¤E12)¡Fstemma, «ü¸ô¥q±o«°ªù«e¥á´µ¼qªº²½¥q±a¨Ó·Ç³Æ¦V¤Ú®³¤Ú©M«OùÄm²½ªº¤@¨Ç¡uªá°é¡v¡]§Yªá«a¡A®{¤Q¥|13¡^¡C

42 stephanos kauche{seo{s, not so much 'a crown which procures or denotes renown'(W. Grundmann, TDNT VII 630 n.75), as 'a crown to exult in'(Marshall 87).

43 kauche{sis.

44 kauche{ma.

45 R. Bultmann, TDNT III 651, TDNTA 424.

46 e{ ouchi kai hymeis ¡× tines alloi e hymeis('who other than you?')+ ouchi kai hymeis('is it not indeed you?'). Cf. BDF 446; Bruce 53 n.b.

47 Reading h(synonymous with ara)instead of   h[   (Bruce 53 n.b.).

48 Cf. Moore 51; Hendriksen 77(kai ¡× 'also'); Calvin 351; Ellicott 36b('even'); Frame 122; Ellingworth-Nida 50.

49 Cf. Pfitzner, Agon Motif 106; Marshall 87.

50 parousia.

51 A. Oepke, TDNT V 859-861, TDNTA 791.

52 §Y¬Ocoming/arrival¤Îpresence.«eªÌ¤Þ­P«áªÌ¡A«áªÌ¥]¬A«eªÌ¡A¦]¦¹¤À§O¥u¦b©ó­«ÂI¤W¡C

53 Gundry, 'Hellenization' 162; cf. A. Oepke, TDNT V 865¡C«e¤@¦ì§@ªÌ(161-169)»{¬°«Où±N¦³Ãö¥D¦A¨Óªº¶Ç²Î¡u§Æþ¤Æ¡v¢w¢w´N¬O§â¥Dªº¦A¨Ó´yø¬°§g¤ý¨ì³XªºÅw¼Ö¨Æ¥ó¡A¤w¦ºªº©M¬¡ú¦ªº«H®{·|¤@¦P¦³¥÷°Ñ»P¦¹¨Æ¡]©««e¥|15-17¡^¡C

54 «Où¥Î¥t¤@¨Ç¦r¨Óªí¹F«e¤@­Ó·N«ä¡Gepiphaneia¡]¡uÅã²{¡v¡G´£«e¤»14¡F´£«á¤@10¡A¥|1¡B8¡F°Ñ¦h¤G13¡A¥ç°Ñ©««á¤G8¡^¡Bapokalypsis¡]ª½Ä¶¡u±Ò¥Ü¡v¡G©««á¤@7¡FªL«e¤@7¡F©¼«e¤@7¡B13¡A°Ñ¥|13¡^¡C

55 C.J. Hemer NIDNTT I 406; Bammel, 'Preparation' 91.

 

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¤W¤@¸`ªº´¡¤J°Ý¥y¡u¤£´N¬O§A­Ì¶Ü¡H¡v­ì¤å©Ò¥Îªº®æ¦¡56¤w·t¥Ü¥¿­±ªºµª®×¡AĶ¬°¡u¦]¬°¡vªº­ì¤å¤p¦r57²{¦b§â³oµª®×§ó²M·¡¦a¤Þ¤¶¥X¨Ó¡G¬Oªº¡A¡u§A­Ìªº½T¬O¡K¡K¡v¡]²{¤¤¡B«ä°ª¡^¡C58¦p¦b¤W¤@¸`ªº´¡¤J¥y¤@¼Ë¡A¡u§A­Ì¡v¦b­ì¤å¬O±j½Õ®æ¦¡ªº¥N¦Wµü¡A·N«ä§Y¬O¡G¡u§A­Ì¡v¢w¢w¦n¹³³Q§Ú­Ì±ó¦Ó¤£ÅU¡AµS¤Ó¤H»z»¡§Ú­Ì¨Ã¤£Ãö¤ßªº¤@úó«H®{¡v¡C¡u¬O¡v¦r¦b­ì¤å¬°²{¦b®É¦¡¡A­Y«ö¨¬¦r­±·N¸q¨Ó¸ÑÄÀ¡A¥»¥yªº·N«ä«K¬O¡G©«¤H¦p¤µ¤w¸g¬O«Où©M¦P¤uªººaÄ£©M³ß¼Ö¡A¦]¦¹¦b¥D¦A¨Ó®É¥ç·|³o¼Ë¡A¨ì®É¥L­Ì·|Åã¥X¬°²{¤µ©Ò¤w¬Oªº¡C59¤£¹L¡A¸û¥i¯àªº¸ÑÄÀ¬O»¡¡A¡u¬O¡v¦rªº§@¥Î¤£¬O­n¤ñ¹ï²{¦b©M±N¨Ó¡A¦Ó¬O°w¹ïµS¤Ó¤Hªº·´Á½¡A±j½Õ©«¤H¬O«Où©M¦P¤u©Ò¿Ë·Rªº¡C60­Y¬O³o¼Ë¡A¡u§A­Ì´N¬O§Ú­ÌªººaÄ£¡A§Ú­Ìªº³ß¼Ö¡v³o¥y¸Ü¡A¥i¸ÑÄÀ¬°¡u§A­Ì¡]¦p¤µ¡^´N¬O§Ú­Ì¡]±N¨Ó¡^±oºaÄ£¡]§Y¬OÀò±o¡u©Ò¸ØÄ£ªº«a°Ã¡v¡^©M³ß¼Öªº®Ú¾Ú¡v¡F¤ä«ù¦¹¸ÑÄÀªº¤@­Ó­«­n²z¥Ñ¡A´N¬O¥»¥y¤D¬O¤W¤@¸`ªº´¡¤J°Ý¥yªº¥¿­±µª®×¡A¦Ó¸Ó°Ý¥y©Ò¯A¤Îªº®É¶¡¬O¡u·íÍ¢¦A¨Óªº®É­Ô¡v¡A¦]¦¹¥»¥yªº¡u¥úºa©M³ß¼Ö¡v¡]«ä°ª¡^¥ç©y¸Ñ¬°¡u¦b§Ú­Ì¥D­C¿q­±«e¡vªº¡C61«Où¦b³o¨â¸`¡]19-20¡^´£¥Xªº·N«ä¡]¥H©«¤H¬°±o½à½çªº®Ú¾Ú¡^¡A¨Ã¤£ªí¥Ü¥L§â©Ò¤Þ»âÂk¥Dªº«H®{¥u¬Ý¬°´£¤É¦Û¤v¦a¦ìªº¤@¶µ¤u¨ã¡F¨Æ¹ê¤W¡A¥L­Ì©¼¦¹¥H·R¬Ûô¡]¤G8¡A¤T6¡^¡A¥H­P¥L­Ì¥i¥H©¼¦¹¬°ºa¡]°ÑªL«á¤@14¡^¡C¥L¥H©Ò±a»âÂk¥Dªº«H®{¬°¸ØÄ£ªº®Ú¾Ú¡]¥ç°Ñù¤Q¤­17-19¡FµÌ¤G16¡^¡A¤]¨S¦³¸ò¥L©Ò±j½Õªº­ì«h¢w¢w¡u¸Ø¤fªº¡A·í«üú¦¥D¸Ø¤f¡v¡]ªL«e¤@30¡FªL«á¤Q17¡^¡A¡u¥u¸Ø§Ú­Ì¥D­C¿q°ò·þªº¤Q¦r¬[¡v¡]¥[¤»14¡^¢w¢wµo¥Í½Ä¬ð¡A¦]¬°¥L¬Ý¨£¯«ªº®¦Åã©ú¦b«H®{¨­¤W¦Ó¥H¥L­Ì¬°¸ØÄ£¡A¥u¬O¥L¥H¤Q¬[¬°¥Ã¤[¸ØÄ£ªº®Ú¾Úªº¤@­±¡F¦p¥[º¸¤å©Ò»¡¡A¥u­n§Ú­ÌÁ`¬O¥H¯«¬°¥Ø¼Ð¡A§Ú­Ì«K¥i¥HÍ¢¤@¤Áªº®¦´f¬°¸ØÄ£ªº®Ú¾Ú¡C62

 

56 ouchi kai hymeis¡F

57 gar.

58 Cf. BDF 452(2).

59 Marshall 89; Moore 51.

60 Frame 123.

61 Cf. Findlay 61.§@ªÌ¥¿½T¦a«ü¥X¡A²Ä¤Q¤E©M¤G¤Q¸`¬O¬ÛÀ³¹ïªº¡A³o¨Ï§Ú­Ì¤£¯à±N¥»¥y¸Ñ¬°¡G¡u§A­Ì¦p¤µ¬O¡A´N¦p§A­Ì¨º®É±N·|¬O¡A§Ú­ÌªººaÄ£¡C¡v¦¹¤G¸`ªº­ì¤å¦¸§Ç³¡¥÷§e²{¥æ¤e¦¡ªº¥­¦æ±Æ¦Cªk¡]³ß¼Ö¢w¢w«a°Ã¢w¢w§A­Ì¢w¢w¦b¥D­±«e¡B¦bÍ¢¨Ó®É¢w¢w§A­Ì¢w¢wºaÄ£¢w¢w³ß¼Ö¡G§Y¬OABCDCBA; cf. J.C. Hurd, IDBS 649a¡^¡A³o¤@ÂI¥ç¤ä«ù¥¿¤å±Ä¯Çªº¸ÑÄÀ¡C

62 ¤À§O¨£¡GBruce 58, Calvin 351.

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