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¥»ª©ºÉ¤O§ï¥¿¤F¦bªìª©§ä¨ìªº¿ù»~¡A¨Ã¸É¦Lªìª©®É¦]§Þ³N¤Wªº©µ»~¦Ó¥¼¯à¥]¬A¦b¤ºªº§Æþ¦rµü¯Á¤Þ¡C¥tªþ¸É¥R®Ñ¥Ø¤@«h¡A¥i¨Ñ¦³§ÓªÌ§@¶i¤@¨B°Ñ¦Ò¤Î¬ã¨s¤§¥Î¡F¨ä¤¤ªº¸ê®Æ¡A¦³´X¶µ¬O¼¶¼g¦¹®Ñ®É³Q©¿²¤¤F©Î¥¼¤Î±Ä¥Îªº¡A¨ä¾lªº³£¬O©ó¥»®Ñ²æ½Z¡]¤K¤»¦~©³¡^¤§«á¤~±¥@ªº§@«~¡C
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¶¾½®©[ÂÔ»x
»´ä¡@¤¤°ê¯«¾Ç¬ã¨s°|
²¼gªí
¦êÄÀ ¸t¸g¢w¢w¦ê¯]¡DµùÄÀ¥»¡]·s¬ù¥þ®Ñ¡^¡]»´äÃÒ¹D1984¡^
©M¦X ·s¬ù¥þ®Ñ¡]»´ä¸t¸g¤½·|¡^
²{¤¤ ¸t¸g¢w¢w²{¥N¤¤¤åĶ¥»¡]»´ä¸t¸g¤½·|1980¡^
·í¸t ·í¥N¸t¸g¡]»´ä¤Ñ¹D1979¡^
·sĶ ·s¬ù¥þ®Ñ·sĶ¥»¡]»´ä¤¤¤å¸t¸g·sĶ©eû·|1976¡^
¤ò ¤ò§J§µÛ¡GµÌ¥ß¤ñ®ÑÄÀ¸q¡]¥x¥_¤¤°ê¥D¤é¾Ç¨ó·|1969/1981¡^
³¯ ³¯²×¹DµÛ¡GµÌ¥ß¤ñ¡DµÌ§Qªù®ÑÁ¿¸q¡]»´ä«Å¹D1968¡^
³Ò ³Ò§B»¹µÛ¡E¾¤¥@ªâĶ¡G«Oùªº³ß¼Ö¡]µÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ¬ã¨s¡^¡]»´ä®û«H·|1963¡^
AB Analecta
Biblica
AV Authorized
(King James) Version
BAG W.
Bauer ¢w W.F. Arndt ¢w F.W. Gingrich, A Greek ¢w English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature
(Chicago.1957)
Barclay W.
Barclay, The Letters to the Philippians, Colossians,
and Thessalonians (rev. ed.;
BDF F.
Blass ¢w A. Debrunner ¢w R.W. Funk, A Greek
Grammar of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature (Chicago.1961/1967)
Beare F.W.
Beare, The Epistle to the Philippians (BNTC; London, 3 1973)
BJRL Bulletin
of the
BNTC Black's
New Testament Commentaries
Bruce F.F.
Bruce, Philippians (Gnc; San
Franciscco, 1983)
BS Bibliotheca
Sacra
c. circa, about
CBC
CBQ Catholic
Biblical Quarterly
cf. confer, compare
CGTSC
Collange J.
¢w F. Collange, The Epistle of
d. died
(in the year......)
Dana-Mantey H.E.
Dana ¢w J.R. Mantey, A Manual Grammar of the Greek New
Testament(New York, 1927/1955)
e.g. exempli gratia, for example
EGT The
Expositor's Greek Testament, ed. W.R. Nicoll(5 vols; repr.
EQ Evangelical
Quarterly
ERT Evangelical
Review of Theology
E.T. English
translation
ExpT Expository
Times
fl. flourished
Gaffin R.B.
Gaffin, Jr., 'Philippians', The NIV Study Bible, ed. K.L. Barker et al.(Grand Rapids, 1985), 1801-1810
GNB Good
News Bible (¡×Today's English Version)
GNC Good
News Commentary
Grayston K.
Grayston, The Letters of Paul to the Philippians and to
the Thessalonians (CBC; Cambridge, 1967)
Hendriksen W.
Hendriksen, Philippians (London,
1962/1973)
HFT Helps
for Translators
HNTC Harper's
New Testament Commentaries (¡×US edition of BNTC)
Houlden J.L.
Houlden, Paul's Letters from Prison (London,1970/1977)
HTR Harvard
Theological Review
IBD Illustrated
Bible Dictionary, rev. ed. N. Hillyer (3 parts;
ibid. ibidem, in the same place
ICC International
Critical Commentary
IDB The
Interpreter's Dictionary of the Bible, ed. G.A.
Buttrick et al. (4
volumes;
Idiom C.
F. D. Moule, An Idiom-Book of New Testament Greek (Cambridge, 21959/1968)
ISBER The
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, ed. G.W.
Bromiley et al. (fully
revised, 4 vols;
JETS Journal
of the Evangelical Theological Society
JSNT Journal
for the Study of the New Testament
Kennedy H.A.A.
Kennedy, 'The Epistle of Paul to the Philippians', The
Expositor's Greek Testament, ed. W.R. Nicoll(5 vols; repr.
Lenski R.C.H.
Lenski, The Interpretation of
Lightfoot J.B.
Lightfoot,
Loh-Nida I-Jin
Loh and E. A. Nida, A Translators Handbook on Paul's Letter
to the Philippians (HFT 19; Stuttgart, 1977)
Martin (NCB) R.P.
Martin, Philippians (NCB;
London, 1976)
Martin(TNTC)R.P. Martin, The Epistle of Paul to the Philippians (TNTC;
London, 1959/1964)
Metzger B.M.
Metzger, A Textual Commentary on the Greek New
Testament (London/New York, 1971)
mg. margin
MHT J.H.
Moulton ¢w W.F. Howard ¢w N. Turner, A Grammar of New Testament Greek (4 vols.;
Michael J.H.
Michael, The Epistle of Paul to the Philippians (MNTC; London, 1928/1939)
MM J.H.
Moulton ¢w G. Milligan, The
Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (London, 1930/1972)
MNTC Moffatt
New Testament Commentary
Motyer J.A.
Motyer, The Richness of Christ. Studies in the Letter
to the Philippians (
Moule H.C.G.
Moule, The Epistle to the Philippians (CGTSC, 1987; Grand Rapids, 1981)
Mu/ller J.J.
Mu/ller, The Epistles of Paul to the Philippians and
to Philemon (NICNT; Grand Rapids, 1955/1978)
NASB New
American Standard Bible
NCB New
Century Bible
n.d. no
date
Nestle-Aland Nestle-Aland,
Greek-English New Testament (26th rev.
ed.;
NICNT New
International Commentary on the New Testament
NIDCC New International Dictionary of the Christian Church, ed. J.D. Douglas (
NIDNTT New International Dictionary of New Testament Theology, ed. C. Brown (E.T., 3 vols.; Grand Rapids, 1975-78)
NIGTC New
International Greek Testament Commentary
NIV New
International Version
NLC
NovT Novum
Testamentum
NTA New
Testament Abstracts
NTS New
Testament Studies
RSV Revised
Standard Version
RV Revised
Version
SBT Studies
in Biblical Theology
Stud Ev Studia
Evangelica
s.v. sub
voce, under the heading; sub verba, under the word
TDNT Theological
Dictionary of the New Testament, ed. G.W. Bromiley (E.T., 9 vols.; Grand
Rapids, 1964-74),with index (10th) vol. by R.E. Pitkin (1976)
TDNTA Theological
Dictionary of the New Testament, abridged in one volume by G.W. Bromiley
(Grand Rapids, 1985)
TEV Today's
English Version (¡×\cs16Good News Bible)
Thayer J.H.
Thayer, A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament, translated, revised and enlarged from Grimm's Wilke's Clavis Novi Testamenti (New York, n.d.)
TNTC Tyndale
New Testament Commentary
TOTC Tyndale
Old Testament Commentary
Trench R.C.
Trench, Synonyms of the New Testament (91880;
TrinJ Trinity
Journal
TynB Tyndale
Bulletin
VE Vox
Evangelica
Vincent M.R.
Vincent, The Epistles to the Philippians and to
Philemon (ICC; Edinburgh, 1897/1968)
WBC Word
Biblical Commentary
WTJ
Wuest K.
S. Wuest, Philippians in the Greek New Testament (5th ed.;
WUNT Wissenschaftliche
Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament
Zerwick M.
Zerwick Biblical Greek (E.T.,
Rome, 1963)
ZNW Zeitschrift
fu/r die neutestamentliche Wissenschaft
ZPEB Zondervan
Pictorial Encyclopedia of the Bible, ed. M.C.
Tenney et al. (5 vols;
µù¡G
¡]1¡^¦b¤Þz¤Wªí¤§BDF, Burton, Dana-Mantey, Zerwick¦U®Ñ®É¡A²¼g«áªº¼Æ¦r¬O¸Ó®Ñªº¬q¼Æ¦Ó«D¶¼Æ¡C
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¾É½×
³ü¡@µÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñªº§@ªÌ
µÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñªº§@ªÌ¬O¡u°ò·þC¿qªº¹²¤H«Où¡v¡FÁöµM´£¼¯¤Ó©M«Où©ó¨÷ºÁp¦W¥X²{¡A¦ý¯u¥¿ªº§@ªÌ¥u¬O«Où¤@¤H¡]¨£¤@1µùÄÀ¡^¡C§@ªÌ¦b«H¤W´£¨ì¥L¦p¦ó±¹ï¥L·í®Éªº³B¹Ò¡A²M´·¦aÅã¥Ü¤F¥L¹ï°ò·þªººÖµ©M¹ï¦Û¤vªº¥Í¦º¦s¤`©Ò©êªººA«×¡]¤@12-26¡^¡C¥L©ÜÅS¦³Ãö´£¼¯¤Ó©M¥H¤Ú¥±´£ªºp¹º®É¡A¥R¥÷¦aªí²{¥X¥L¹ï³o¨â¦ì¦P¤uªºªY½à©MÃö¤ß¡]¤G19-30¡^¡C¥L¦b¦hÁµ̥ߤñ¤HªºÃJÃؤ§»Ú¡A¦P®ÉÅã©ú¤F¥L¤Z¨Æª¾¨¬ªº¯µ³Z¡A¥H¤Î¥L¹ï¤W«Òªº¨ÑÀ³©Ò¦s°í©wªº«H¤ß¡]¥|12-20¡^¡C¥L¥H¦Û¤v¬°«H®{ªºº]¼Ë¡A¤@¤è±¬°nÀ°§U¥LÌ´£¨¾¤@¨Ç°²®v³Åªº¤£¨}¼vÅT¡]¤T4-11¡B17-21¡^¥t¤@¤è±n¦V¥LÌ«ü¥X¥¿½Tªº°l¨D¥Ø¼Ð©MºA«×¡]¤T12-16¡^¡A¥H¤Î¦³¤W«Ò¦P¦bªº°ò·þ®{¥Í¬¡¤è¦¡¡]4¡B4-9¡^¡C¥L¬°ú¦ÅªªÌ©ÒÄm¤Wªº·P®¦©Më§i¡]¤@3-11¡^¡A¥H¤Îª½±µ¹ï¥L̵o¥XªºÄU«j¡]¤@27-¤G18¡^¡A¨Ã¹ï¥LÌ®ï¤Áªº´Á±æ¡]¥|1¡^¡A³£¬v·¸ú¦¥L¹ï¥LªºÄÝÆF¨à¤kªº¼°·R¤ÎÃöÃh¡C¹³¦b¨ä¥L«Où®Ñ«H¤@¼Ë¡]¨Ò¦p¡GªL«á¤Q¦Ü¤Q¤T³¹¡F©««e¤G1-¤T10¡Fªù¡^¡A«Oùªº§Î¹³¥i»¡¬¡²{©ó¥»®Ñªº¦rùئ涡¡C¬ÛÀ³¦a¡A¥»®Ñ¦bÅéµô©MµüĦ¤è±³£¬O¤@«Ê¨å«¬ªº«Où®Ñ«H¡C
«Où¬OµÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñªº§@ªÌ¡A³o¤@ÂI¦³«Ü±jªº¥~ÃÒ¤ä«ù¡C¦b¦´Áªº±Ð¤÷¤ÎÅ@±ÐªÌ¤¤¡A©ú»¡µÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ¬O«Où©Ò¼gªº¦³¡G¤h¨C®³ªº¥D±Ð«O§Q²¡]©Î§@©Y®È¥Ò¡^¡B¨½©ùªº¥D±Ð·R¥ô¯Ã¡B¨È¾ú¤s¤Óªº²§Q§K¡B{¤j°òªº¯S¤g¨}¡B¨È¾ú¤s¤Óªº«X§Q®Ú¡A¥H¤Îù°¨ªº¥D±Ð§Æ©Y«ßªû¡C1¦¹¥~¡A¤G¥@¬ö¥½ªº¿p©Ô¦h§Q¸g¥Ø2¡]³Ì¦ªº·s¬ù¥Ø¿ý¡^±NµÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ¦C¬°«Oùªº®Ñ«H¤§¤@¡F±Ð·|¥v®aÀu¦è¤ñ¯Q¡]¸Ó¼»§Q¨Èªº¥D±Ð¡^3¥ç´£¨ì¡u«Oùªº¤Q¥|¡e¨÷®Ñ«H¡f¡v¡Aªí¥Ü¥Lª¾¹D·í®É¡]¥|¥@¬öªì¡^¾ãÓ¥¿²Îªº±Ð·|³£±µ¯ÇµÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ¬°¤½»{ªº«Où®Ñ«H¡C¥Ñ¦¹¥i¨£¡A¦´Áªº±Ð¤÷³£²@µLºÃ°Ý¦a±µ¨ü«Où¬O¥þ¨÷µÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñªº§@ªÌ¡C4
ª½¨ì¤Q¤E¥@¬ö¡A³oӶDzΪº¬Ýªk¡A¤~¨ü¨ì¯u¥¿ªº¬D¾Ô¡C¥ý¬O¼w°ê¯«¾Ç®a¥]Ò©M¥L©Ò©l³Ðªº§ù¥®Ú¾Ç¬£5±q¤å¾Ç¡B¾ú¥v¤Î¯«¾Çªº¨¤«×¹ï¶Ç²Îªº¥ß³õ´£¥X½èºÃ¡A»{¬°µÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ¨Ã«D«Où©Ò¼g¡Fµy«á¡A¥t¤@¨Ç¾ÇªÌ¥ç»{¬°µÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ¸ò¨º¨Ç¤½»{ªº«Où®Ñ«H¦bÅéµô¤Î¤º®e¤W³£¦³¤À§O¡A¦]¦¹§_©w¶Ç²Îªº¬Ýªk¡C6¤£¹L¡A«á¨Óªº¾ÇªÌ¨Ã¨S¦³±µ¯Ç¥L̪ºµ²½×¡C¤µ¤Ñµ´¤j¦h¼Æªº¾ÇªÌ³£»{¬°¡AµÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ¥X¦Û«Où¤âµ§¬OÓ¤£®e¸mºÃªº¨Æ¹ê¡A¦Ó¥]Òµ¥¤H¦b¤W¤@¥@¬ö¹ï¶Ç²Î¬Ýªkªº½èºÃ¥ç¤w¦¨¬°¾ú¥v³¯ÂÝ¡A¥u¦³¾ú¥v©Êªº»ùÈ¡]§Y¬O§@¬°ÄÀ¸g¥v¤Wªº¤@¥ó¨Æ¹ê¡^¡CÁöµM¦b¤»¤Q¦~¥N´¿¦³¾ÇªÌ¥Î¹q¸£¤ÀªRªk¨ÓŲ©w¨º¨Ç®Ñ«H¬O«Où©Ò¼g©Î¤£¬O¥L¼gªº¡Aµ²ªG«ü¥XµÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ¨Ã«D«Où©Ò§@¡A¦ý¾ÇªÌ¤@¯ë¬Ò¹ï³oºØ¬Ýªk¤£¤©¦nµû¡C±N¹q¸£¤ÀªRªkÀ³¥Î©ó¹³µÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ³o»òµuªº¤@«Ê«H¡A³o°µªk¤×¨ä¤Þ°_¾ÇªÌªº§åµû¡C7Á`¬A¨Ó»¡¡AµÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ¬°«Où©Ò¼g¦b¤µ¤Ñ¬O´¶¹M³Q±µ¯Çªº¨Æ¹ê¡A¥HP¦³¾ÇªÌ»{¬°³oÓ°ÝÃD´X¥G§¹¥þ¤£¥²°Q½×¡C8
1 Polycarp of
2 Muratorian Canon.
3 Eusebius of
4 Cf. Vincent 26; Hendriksen 33-36;
6 Cf. Vincent xxvi-xxx; Hendriksen 31-33.
7 E.g. Houlden 39-40; Bruce xxi (with n.35
on xxxi); Collange 3-with reference to A.Q. Morton, J. McLeman, and W.C. Wake. ²Ä¤T¦ì§@ªÌ»¡¡G¡u¥Î¤j«¬ªºÃêªd¾÷¦bªá¶é¸Ì¾S¦a¬O¤£¦æªº¡I¡v
8 Guthrie, Introduction 526.
¶L¡@µÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñªº¾ã¥þ©Ê
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9 E.g. A. Loisy, cited in Beare 2.
10 Cf. Beare 2; Guthrie, Introduction 540.
11 Michael 112.
12 ¥H¤Uªº°Q½×¥Dn¨ú§÷¦ÛGarland, 'Composition and Unity' 144-162;
Martin(NCB)10-21.
13 ¦³Ãö¦¹¶µ¥~ÃÒªº³oºØ¸ÑÄÀ¤Î¨ä¥L¸û¤£¥i¯àªº¸ÑÄÀ¡A¥H¤Î¥t¦³¤@¤G¶µµL¬Æ»ùȪº¥~ÃÒ¡A¸Ô¨£Martin (NCB)11-13.
14 chairete en kyrio{i.
15 B.D. Rahtjen »{¬°¦¹¤ù¬q¥]¬A¤T1-¥|9¡CMartin
(NCB)15-17 «ü¥X¥Lªº²z½×¤w³Q¨ä¥L¾ÇªÌ§¹¥þ»éË¡C
16 Cf.
17 Cf. ibid. 145-146.
18 Garland (ibid. 141-142 n.3) ¸Ô¦C¤F±NµÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ¤À¸Ñ¬°¤G«Ê©Î¤T«Ê®Ñ«Hªº¾ÇªÌ¡C
19 Ibid. 154.
20 Ibid. 149-150.
21 Lightfoot 69-70, 143; Guthrie, Introduction
537,
22 Cf.
23 Martin (NCB)15 »{¬°«Où¦b¤@3¤w¶¡±µ¦aªí¹F¤F¥L¹ïµÌ¥ß¤ñ¤HªºÁ·N¡A¦]¥L§â¤@
24
25 Ãö©ó¾ÇªÌ¹ïµÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ¤£¦Pªº¡u¤G¤Àªk¡v©Î¡u¤T¤Àªk¡v¡A¸Ô¨£Garland
(ibid.155 n.50) ¤ÎWong ('Humiliation' 5n.l) ©Ò´£¨Ñªº¹Ïªí¡C
26 Cf.
27
28 Houlden 41; Martin (NCB)20-21; Garland,
'Composition and Unity' 148-149. ³oºØ¡uºc³y¡vªº¨Ò¤l¥]¬A Collange 8-12; Marxsen, Introduction 62-63.
29 Cf.
30 Martin (NCB)18.
31 Swift, 'Theme and Structure' 249-250,
with reference to W.J. Dalton. Garland('Composition and Unity' 159-162) »{¬°«Où¦b¤@27-¥|3¥Î¤Finclusioªk¡A¥Lªº¥Î·N¬On¥H¸Ó¬q§@¬°¤@Ó³æ¦ì¡C
32 Ku/mmel, Introduction
237, Garland ('Composition and Unity' 142-143 n.5) ¸Ô¦C¤F±µ¨üµÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ¬°¤@«Ê§¹¾ã®Ñ«Hªº¾ÇªÌ¡C
33 Hawthorne xxxii.
úS¡@µÌ¥ß¤ñ«°
µÌ¥ß¤ñ«°34¦ì©ó°¨¨ä¹y¬ÙªºªF³¡¡F¦b¥¦ªºªF«n¬ù
µÌ¥ß¤ñªºì§}¥u¬OÓ¤p§ø¸¨¡A¦W¬°¡u¤ô¬u¡v¡C36¥D«e361¦~¡A¦b¤@¦ì³Q©ñ³vªº¶®¨åºt»¡®a¥[¨½´µ¯S³£37ªº»â¾É¤U¡AÂ÷©¤¤£»·ªº¤@Ó¦W¥s¥L¯Á´µ38ªº®qÀ¬¤Wªº¤H¨Ó¨ì¡u¤ô¬u¡v©w©~¡C¼Æ¦~«á¡]¥D«e356¦~)¡A°¨¨ä¹y°ê¤ýµÌ¤O¤G¥@¡]¥D«e359-336¡A§Y¨È¾ú¤s¤j¤j«Òªº¤÷¿Ë¡^¬°n±±¨î¡u¤ô¬u¡vªþªñªºª÷Äq¡A±N¸Ó³BÂX¤j¡A¨Ã¥H¦Û¤vªº¦W¦r©R¦W¡AºÙ¥¦¬°µÌ¥ß¤ñ¡]§YµÌ¤Oªº«°¡^¡C¥D«e168¦~¡Aù°¨©ó¥²®³39¤§§ÐÀ»±Ñ°¨¨ä¹y¡A¦¸¦~±N°¨¨ä¹y¤ý°ê¤À¬°¥|Ó¦@©M°ê¡A³Ì«á¤S©ó¥D«e148¦~±N°¨¨ä¹y§]¨Ö¡A¦¨¬°Ã¹°¨ªº¤@Ó¬Ù¥÷¡A¨º¥|Ó¦@©M°êÅܦ¨¬Ù¤º¥|Ó¦a°Ï¡FµÌ¥ß¤ñÄݲĤ@°Ï¡A¦¹°Ïªºº³£¬°·t«Dªi¨½¡]°Ñ®{¤Q¤C1¡^¡C¬°n¾d©T¥L̹ï³o·s¬Ù¥÷ªº±±¨î¡Aù°¨¤H«Ø¿v¤F¤@±ø¦æx¤j¹D¡A§Y¤W±©Ò»¡ªº¨Ì®æ¨º¦N¨È¸ô¡F¦¹¸ô±q¨È±o¨½¨È40®ü©¤ªº¨Èªiù¥§¨È¡]»P®{¤Q¤C1©Ò«üªº¤£¦P¡^¤Î¦a©Ô©~·t41¡Aª½¦Ü©«¼»Ã¹¥§{¡F«á¨Ó©µ¦ù¦ÜµÌ¥ß¤ñ¤Î¨ä®ü´ä¥§¨Èªi§Q¡A³Ì«á¦A©µ¦Ü«ô¥e®x¡C42
¥D«e42¦~¡A¦b¦³¦WªºµÌ¥ß¤ñ¾Ô§Ð¤¤¡A¦wªF¥§¤Î¶ø¥Lºû¦w43±N¦æ¨ë³Í¼»¤j«Òªº¥¬¾|¯S´µ¤Î¥[´µ¯Q¤h44¥´±Ñ¡F¦wªF¥§§â¤@¨Çù°¨§L¤h¦w¸m©óµÌ¥ß¤ñ¡A¸Ó«°¦¨¬°Ã¹°¨ªº´Þ¥Á¦a¡C¥D«e31¦~¡A¶ø¥Lºû¦w©ó¶®§J²¢45¤§§Ð¥´±Ñ¤F¦wªF¥§¤Î§JÄR¨Ø²æ©Ô46ªºÁpx¡F¦¸¦~¡A¥L±N¤@¨Ç³Q¸Ñ´²ªº¦wªF¥§x¶¤¦w¸m¦bµÌ¥ß¤ñ¡C¦¹¥~¡A¥L§â¸q¤j§Q¤@¨Ç¿Ë¦wªF¥§¥÷¤lªº²£·~¿É¹Ü¡AÅý¥L¦Û¤vªº¤@¨Ç§L¤h¦w¹y¦b¸Ó³B¡A¦Ó³o¨Ç³Q³vÂ÷¶}·N¤j§Qªº¤H¡A³¡¥÷¥ç¬O¨Ó¨ìµÌ¥ß¤ñ©~¦í¡F¶ø¥Lºû¦w±NµÌ¥ß¤ñ§ï¦W¬°¡uµS¨½¨ÈµÌ¥ß¤ñ´Þ¥Á¦a¡v¡C47¤T¦~«á¡A¶ø¥Lºû¦w¨ú±o¨È¥j¤h·þ¤§»Î¡AµÌ¥ß¤ñªº¦WºÙ¹E¥çÂX¥R¬°¡uµS¨½¨È¨È¥j¤h·þµÌ¥ß¤ñ´Þ¥Á¦a¡C¡v48
³o´L¶Qªº¦WºÙ±a¨Ó³\¦hÅv§Q¡A¨ä¤¤³Ì¥i¶Qªº¬O¡u·N¤j§QÅv¡v¡A49´N¬O»¡¡A´Þ¥Á¦aªº©~¥Á©Ò¨É¨üªºÅv§Q¡A¸ò·N¤j§Q¥»¤gªº©~¥Á¤@¼Ë¡Cù°¨´Þ¥Á¦aªº©~¥Á¥»¨¦³Ã¹°¨¤½¥Áªº¨¥÷¡F´Þ¥Á¦aªº¬F¨î¸òù°¨«°¤@¼Ë¡A¥H¨âÓÁp°L°õ¬Fªºµô§P©x¬°º¡A¦bµÌ¥ß¤ñªº±¡§Î¤]¬O³o¼Ë¡]®{¤Q¤»22¡B35¡B36¡B38¡^¡C50ù°¨´Þ¥Á¦aªºµô§P©x¡A¹³Ã¹°¨¥»¨ªºµô§P©x¤@¼Ë¡A¦³¡uªkĵ¡v°µ¥L̪º¨Í±q¡A³o¨Çªkĵ±aú¦¤@§ô§ôªº´Ò¤l¡A¨º¨Ç´Ò¤l´N¬O¥L̪ºÂ¾¦ìªº¼Ð»x¡C¦bµÌ¥ß¤ñ¥X²{ªº¨º¨Ç¡uĵ©x¡v¡]®{¤Q¤»35¡B38¡A²{¤¤¡^¡Aì¤åªº¦WºÙª½Ä¶ªº·N«ä´N¬O¡u±a´Ò¤lªº¤H¡v¡C51¸ô¥[¹ïµÌ¥ß¤ñ«°ªº¦a¦ì¡A¥H¤Îµô§P©x¦b«Où©M¥Lªº¦P¤u³Q±±§i¤Î³Ì«áÀòÄÀ¤@¨Æ¤W©Ò§êºtªº¨¤¦â¡A¦ü¥G¨è·N¦a¸Ô¥[´yz¡F³Ì¥i¯àªº¸ÑÄÀ¡A´N¬O¦]¬°«Où¦bµÌ¥ß¤ñªº¾D¹Jªº·N¸q¡A©M¸Ó«°ªº¯S®í¦a¦ì«Ü¦³Ãö«Y¢w¢w¥L²{¦b¨Ó¨ì¤@Óù°¨¤HªºªÀ·|¡A¦Ó¥L©Ò¹J¨ìªº§xÃø¬O¥L¥H©¹¦b§O¨Çù°¨´Þ¥Á¦a¡]©¼¦è©³ªº¦w´£ªü©M¸ô¥q±o¡^¨S¦³¹J¨£¹Lªº¡A´N¬O¦b«°É]ªº©xªø±«e¥¿¦¡³Q°_¶D¡C52
¸ô¥[¤£¦ý«ü¥XµÌ¥ß¤ñ¡u¬Où°¨ªº´Þ¥Á¦a¡v¡A¨Ã¥B´y¼g¥¦¬°¡u°¨¨ä¹y¦a°Ïªººn«°É]¡v¡]®{¤Q¤»12¡^¡C¤@¨Ç¸g¤å§å§P¾ÇªÌ»{¬°ì¤åÀ³§ï¬°¡u°¨¨ä¹y²Ä¤@°Ïªº¤@Ó«°É]¡v¡]²{¤¤¡^¡A53³o¼Ë¤~»P¾ú¥v¨Æ¹ê¬Û²Å¡C¦ýŲ©ó«e¤@Ó»¡ªk¦³·¥±jªº§Û¥»ÃÒ¾Ú¤ä«ù¡A¦]¦¹¥i¯àÀ³¥[¥H«O¦s¡A¥u¬O±N¡uºn«°É]¡v¸Ñ¬°¡u¤@Ó¦³»â¾É¦a¦ìªº«°É]¡v¡C54µL½×¦p¦ó¡A¨Ï®{¦æ¶Çªº°O¸ü¤Ï¬M¤FµÌ¥ß¤ñ¤H¹ï¥L̨¬°Ã¹°¨¤½¥Á©Ò·P¨ìªº¦Û»¨¡]®{¤Q¤»21¡^¡F«Où¦b«H¤WºÙŪªÌ¬°¡uµÌ¥ß¤ñ¤H¡v©Ò¥Îªº¨ºÓ¦r¡A¥H¤Î¡u¦æ¨Æ¬°¤H¡×¹L¤½¥Á¥Í¬¡¡v©M¡u¤½¥Á¡eÅv¡f¡vµ¥¦r¡]¤À§O¨£¥|15¡A¤@27¡A¤T20µùÄÀ¡^¡A³£·|³ê°_¥L̪ºÃ¹°¨¤½¥Á·NÃÑ¡A¦]¦¹¬O¥LÌ·|¯S§OªY½àªº¡C
µÌ¥ß¤ñªº©~¥Á¥]¬A¦hºØ¤H¡G¦³ì¨Ó¦b·í¦a©~¦íªº¯S©Ô¦N¨È¤H¡A55¦³¥[¨½´µ¯S³£©MµÌ¤O¤G¥@±a¨Óªº§Æþ¤Hªº«á¥N¡A¦³¦wªF¥§©M¶ø¥Lºû¦w©Ò¦w¸m©ó¸Ó³BªºÃ¹°¨´Þ¥Á¡C·Ó¼Ë¡A¥L̪º©v±Ð²VÂø¤F¯S©Ô¦N¨È¥»¦a©T¦³ªº¯«©ú¡B§Æþ©Mù°¨ªº²³¯«¡BªF¤è¿é¤Jªº½Ñ©v±Ð¡A¥H¤Îù°¨¬Ó«Ò±Ð¡A¨ä¤¤¥H«áªÌ¤×¬°²±¦æ¡C
34 ¥»¸`¥Dn¨ú§÷¦Û Bruce xiii-xv; J. Finegan, IDB III
786-787; R.P. Martin, IBD III 1215.
35 Via Egnatia¡×the
Egnatian Way.
36 hai Kre{nides¡×'the
Springs'.
37 Callistratus.
38
39 Pydna¢w¢w¦b«n°¨¨ä¹yªñ®ü©¤ªº¤@Ó«°¡C
40
41 Apollonia and Dyrrhachium.
42
43
44 Brutus and Cassius.
45
46 Cleopatra.
47 Colonia Iulia Philippensis.
48 Colonia Iulia Augusta Philippensis.
49 ius Italicum.
50 «ö Bruce xiiii ªº¸ÑÄÀ¡A¡uµô§P©x¡vì¤å¡]strate{goi¡×strate{gos ªº½Æ¼Æ¡^¬Ûµ¥©ópraetors.ù°¨´Þ¥Á¦aµô§P©xªº¥¿¦¡¦W»Î¬O¡Gduo uiri
(or duumuiri iuri dicundo. 'the two men for administering justice'),¦ý¦b¤@¨Ç´Þ¥Á¦a¤¤¡A¥L̳ßÅw¸û´L¶Qªº¦WºÙpraetor.¦ýSherwin-White(Roman Society 92-93) «h»{¬°¨Ï®{¦æ¶Çªº§@ªÌ¥u¬O¥Î¤F³Ì´¶³qªº¤@Ó§Æþ¦W»Î¨Ó½Ķ¨ºµLªk½Ķªº©Ô¤Bì¤å¡A¦]¬°¨ì¤F¥D«e63¦~praetor¤@¦r¤w¶}©l¤£¦X¼é¬y¤F (cf. Marshall. Acts270).
51 rhabdouchoi¡×rod-bearers.
52 Sherwin-White, Roman Society 95;
cf. Martin (NCB)4-5.
53 §Y¬O§âpro{te{ te{s meridos te{s Makedonias polis
(¡×'a first city of the district of Macedonia') §ï¬°pro{te{s meridos te{s
Makedonias polis (¡×'a city of the first district of
Macedonia'): cf. Metzger 444-446. Sherwin-White (Roman Socity 93-95) ¤]¬O»{¬°¥¿½TªºÁ¿ªkte{s pro{te{s meridos
Makedonias polis¦]³Q»~¸Ñ¦Ó«Ü¦«K³Q¿ù§ï¬°pro{te{
te{s meridos Makedonias polis.
54 'a leading city' (K. Aland and B.M.
Metzger, in Metzger 446).
55 Thracians.
¸v¡@µÌ¥ß¤ñªº±Ð·|
«Où¦b¼gµ¹©«¼»Ã¹¥§{±Ð·|ªº«H¤W¡A¾Ðz¥L©M¦è©Ô¤Î´£¼¯¤Ó°_ªì¦p¦ó±NºÖµ¶Çµ¹ÅªªÌ¡A¨Ã´£¤Î¥L̦b¨Ó¨ì©«¼»Ã¹¥§{¤§«e¡A´¿¦bµÌ¥ß¤ñ¡u¨ü¢®`¡B¨ü«V°d¡v¡]©««e¤G2¡^¡CÃö©ó«Où¤Î¨ä¦P¤u¨ìµÌ¥ß¤ñ¤Î¦b·í¦a³]¥ß±Ð·|ªº¸g¹L¡A¨Ï®{¦æ¶Ç²Ä¤Q¤»³¹¦³¸û¸Ô²Óªº³ø¾É¡C
C¸ô¼»§N·|ijµ²§ô«á¡A«Où¬D¿ï¤F¦è©Ô§@¥Lªº¹Ù¦ñ¡A¶}©l¥L²Ä¤G¦¸ªº§G¹D®Èµ{¡C¥L̪º¦æµ{¸g¹L±Ô§Q¨È¡B°ò§Q®a¤Î«n¥[©Ô¤Ó¡F¦b¸ô¥q±o¡A´£¼¯¤Ó¥[¤J¤F¥L̪º¦æ¦C¡C«Oùì¨Óªºp¹º¦ü¥G¬O¦è¦æ¡A¦V¨È¦è¨Èªº¥H¥±©Ò¶iµo¡A¦ý¦b¸tÆFªº¤z¹w©M¤Þ¾É¤§¤U¡A¥LÌÂà¦Ó±q¥Hô©À©Î©¼¦è©³ªº¦w´£ªü¥_¦æ¡Aª½¦Ü·Rµ^®ü©¤ªº´ä¤f¯Sù¨È¡]®{¤Q¤40-¤Q¤»8¡^¡C¦b³oùØ«Où¬Ý¨£²§¶H¡AÅ¥¨£¤F¡u½Ð§A¨ì°¨¨ä¹y¨Ó¡AÀ°§U§ÚÌ¡I¡vªº©IÁn¡C§@ªÌ¸ô¥[Ä~Äò»¡¡G¡u«Où¨£¤F³o²§¶H¡A§ÚÌ´N»{©w¬O¤W«Ò©I¥l§ÚÌ¥h¶ÇºÖµµ¹¥LÌ¡A©ó¬O¥ß¨è³]ªk«e©¹°¨¨ä¹y¡v¡]®{¤Q¤»10¡^¡C³o¬O¨Ï®{¦æ¶Ç²Ä¤@¬q¥Î½Æ¼Æ²Ä¤@¤HºÙ¡u§ÚÌ¡vªº°O¸ü¡]®{¤Q¤»10-40¡^¡Aªí¥Ü§@ªÌ¦³¥÷°Ñ»P©Ò°O¸üªº¨Æ¡C§@ªÌ´y¼g¥L̦bµÌ¥ß¤ñ¶Ç¹Dªº¸g¹L®É¡A§â«ÂI©ñ¦b¥|¥ó¨Æ±¡¤W¡C
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¡]¤G¡^«Où»P¦è©Ô³Q¥}¡]®{¤Q¤»16-24¡^¡C«Où±q¤@Ó³Q§Å°ªþú¦¡B¦]¦ÓÂÇ¥e¤R¨Ï¦oªº¥D¤H̵o¤j°]ªº±A¤k¨¤W±N°»°¥X¡F¦oªº¥D¤H̦]«OùÂ_¤F¥L̵o°]ªºªù¸ô¡A«K§â¥L©M¦è©Ô¡]¦b¥|ӫűФh¤¤¡A¥u¦³¥L̤G¤H¬O¤Q¨¬ªºµS¤Ó¤H¡^©Ô¨ìµô§P©x±«e¡C«Où¦b¥~±Ú«°É]¤¤¶Ç¹D±`¾DµS¤Ó¤H¤Ï¹ï¡]°Ñ®{¤Q¤T45¡B50¡A¤Q¥|2¡B5¡A¤Q¤C5¡B13¡^¡F³o¬O«Oùº¦¸»P«DµS¤Ó¤Hªº¹ÎÅéµo¥Í½Ä¬ð¡A¦]¦¹«áªÌªº¼Ä·N«Ü¦ÛµM¦a±Ä¨ú¤F¦b«°É]©xªø±«e°_¶D«Oùªºªí¹F¤è¦¡¡C59«Où©M¦è©Ô³Q±±¥HÂù«ªº¸o¦W¡G¥L̤ް_ÄÌ°Ê¡F¥L̤S¥ø¹Ï¶Ç¤@ºØù°¨ªk«ß©Ò¤£®eªº¥~¨Ó©v±Ð¡C³oÂù«±±¸oªº¯S§O³B¡A¦b©ó²Ä¤G¶µ±±¸o°_¥Î¤F¤£¥Î¤w¤[ªº¡u¤¬¤£¬Û¦Xªºì«h¡v¡A60¦Ó¥B¦¹¶µ¬O©M²Ä¤@¶µ±±¸o¤À¶}ªº¡]§Y¤£¬O¦]«Où©Ò¶Çªº¥~¨Ó©v±Ð¤ÞP¥Çªkªº¦æ¬°¡A¦Ó¬O¦]¬°³o©v±Ð¥»¨¬Où°¨ªºªk«ß©Ò¤£®eªº¡^¡C61¦búó²³»ô°_§ðÀ»¤§¤U¡A¥L̳Qµô§P©x¬I¥H´Ò¥´¡AµM«á³Q©ã¤J¤ººÊ¡A¨â¸}§ó¬C¤F¤ìª¯¡F«Où¦b¥Lªº«H¤W´£¨ì¦bµÌ¥ß¤ñ¡u³Q®`¨ü°d¡v¡]©««e¤G2¡A©M¦X¡F°ÑµÌ¤@30¡^¡A«Ü¥i¯à´N¬O«ü³o¦¸ªº¸g¾ú¡C±q±A¤kªº¥D¤H̩ҥΪº±±µü¡A§Ṳ́£Ãø¬Ý¥X¤@ºØ¤ÏµS¤Óªº±¡ºü¡F³o»PµS¤Ó¤H¬è몺¦a¤è¦b«°¥~¡]®{¤Q¤»13¡^62ªº¨Æ¹ê¬Û²Å¡C¥L̪º±±µü¦ü¥G¥ç·t¥Ü¥L̾å±où°¨¬Ó«Ò³Ìªñ¥ø¹Ï¹KªýµS¤Ó±Ð½¯©µ¦Ó§@¥Xªº§V¤O¡G²¦Ñ¥á´¿©ó¥D«á49¦~¤U¥OÅX³v©Ò¦³µS¤Ó¤HÂ÷¶}ù°¨¡]°Ñ®{¤Q¤K2¡^¡AÁöµM¦b·í®É¤Î¨ä«á³£¨ÃµL³ë¥O¸T¤îµS¤Ó¤H±q¨Æ¨Ï¤HÂk¤ÆµS¤Ó±Ðªº¬¡°Ê¡CµÌ¥ß¤ñ¤H¹ïµS¤Ó¤Hªº¼Ä·N¡A¥i¯à´N¬OµÌ¥ß¤ñ±Ð·|Ä~Äò¨ü¨ì¤£«HªÌ§ðÀ»ªº³¡¥÷ì¦]¡A¦]±Ð·|©M¨º¨ÇµS¤Ó°ü¤k¦³¦p¦¹±K¤ÁªºÃö«Y¡F63¦]¦¹«Où¦b«H¤W¤@¦A©I¥l¥LÌn¯¸¥ß±oá]¤@28-30¡A¤G15-16¡A¥|1¡^¡C¨ºÓ±±µü¥i¯àÁ٤ϬM¤F¥t¤@¥ó¨Æ¹ê¡G«Où¤Î¨ä¦P¤u´¿§V¤O¦a¤½¶}¦b«°¤¤¦V¥~±Ú¤H¡]¥]¬Aù°¨¤H¡^¶ÇºÖµ¡AÁöµM¨Ï®{¦æ¶Ç¥»¬q¹ï¦¹µL©ú½Tªº°O¸ü¡C64
¡]¤T¡^º»¦O¥þ®a«H¥D¡]®{¤Q¤»25-34¡^¡C«Où©M¦è©Ô¦b¥b©]¡u¬èëºq¹|¤W«Ò¡v®É¡A©¿µMµo¥Í¤j¦a¾_¡AºÊªù¥þ¶}¡A¥}¥ÇªºÂêÃì³£ÃP¤F¡Cº»¦O¥H¬°¥}¥Ç¬Ò¤w°k²æ¡A¥¿n¤Þ©S¦Û¦F¡A©¯¦Ó«Où¤Î®É¨î¤î¡A¨Ã§â¥L©M¥þ®a±a»âÂk¥D¡CÁöµM¦³¨Ç¾ÇªÌ»{¬°¥»¬q¥u¬O¶Ç»¡¡A¥¦¦bÃD§÷¤W¥ç»P¨ä¥Lªº¤@¨Ç°O±Ô¡]¦p¤@¥@¬öªº§Æþ§@«~¬ù·æ¿ò°V¡^¦³¬Û¦üªº¦a¤è¡A¦ý¸ô¥[ÅãµM»{¬°¥L©Ò°O¿ýªº¬O¯u¹êµo¥Íªº¨Æ¡C65
¡]¥|¡^©xªø½Ð¨DÂ÷¹Ò¡]®{¤Q¤»35-40¡^¡C¦¸¤é¦±á¡Aµô§P©x¬£ªkĵ¨ÓÄÀ©ñ¥Ç¤H¡A¦ý«Où´£¥X§Üij¡A«ü¥X¥L̬Où°¨¤H¡A«o¥¼¸g¼f°Ý66¦Ó³Q¬I¥H´Ò¥´©M³Q©ñ¦bºÊùØ¡A²{¦b«Dnµô§P©x¿Ë¦Û¨Ó»â¥LÌ¥Xº»¤£¥i¡I«Où©M¦è©Ô¦b«e¤@¤Ñ³Q©Ô¨ì©xªø±«e®É¥i¯à¤w«Å§i¥L̪ºÃ¹°¨¤½¥Á¨¥÷¡A¤£¹L³o¨Æ¹ê¦b¤@¤ùÂZÄWÁn¤¤³Q©¿µø¤F¡F67¦ý¬O¥L̦p¤µ¦b¸û¦wÀRªºÀô¹Ò¤U¦A¦¸§Üij¡Aµô§P©x¬OµLªk¤£¥[²z·|ªº¡C«Où³o¼Ën¨D¥L̤½¶}¹Dºp¡A¤@¤è±¬°n½T«OµÌ¥ß¤ñªº«H®{¤£·|»X¨ü»P¥Ç¤H¦³¬Vªº´c¦W¡A¥t¤@¤è±¤]¬O¬°n«O»Ù¥L¤é«á»Pù°¨©x¤èªºÃö«Y¤£·|¨ü¨ì¤@Ó¤£²M¥Õªº¡u°O¿ý¡v¼vÅT¡C68¦bµô§P©xªº½Ð¨D¡]¤£¬OÅX³v¥O¡^¤U¡A«Où©M¦è©Ô«KÂ÷¶}¤FµÌ¥ß¤ñ¡C
´£¼¯¤Ó»P«Où¤Î¦è©Ô¦P¦æ¡]°Ñ©««e¤T2¡^¡A¦ý¸ô¥[«Ü¥i¯à¯d¦bµÌ¥ß¤ñ·ÓÅU³oÓªì¥Íªº±Ð·|¡C¨Ï®{¦æ¶Çº¬q¥Î¡u§ÚÌ¡vªº°O¸ü¬O¥HµÌ¥ß¤ñµ²§ô¡]®{¤Q¤»17-40¡^¡A²Ä¤G¬q¥Î¡u§ÚÌ¡vªº°O¸ü«h¥HµÌ¥ß¤ñ¶}©l¡]®{¤G¤Q5¡^¡F³o¦ü¥Gªí¥Ü¡A«OùÂ÷¶}µÌ¥ß¤ñ®É¡A¸ô¥[¨S¦³¦P¦æ¡A¨ì«Où¦b²Ä¤T¦¸®Èµ{¸g°¨¨ä¹y¦^C¸ô¼»§N®É¡A¸ô¥[¤~¦A»P¥L¦P¦æ¡CÕY¸ô¥[¦b¨ä¶¡ªº¤C¤K¦~³£¤@ª½¦bµÌ¥ß¤ñªº¸Ü¡A¥L¥i¯à¤w¦¨¬°µÌ¥ß¤ñ±Ð·|ªº¥÷¤l¡A¬Æ¦Ü¦³¥i¯à¥Nªíú¦µÌ¥ß¤ñ±Ð·|©M¨ä¥L±Ð·|ªº¥Nªí¤@¦P±N¥~±Ú«H®{ªº®½¶µ±a©¹C¸ô¼»§N¡C69µL½×¦p¦ó¡AµÌ¥ß¤ñ±Ð·|»P«Où¤@ª½ºû«ù«D±`¦nªºÃö«Y¡G¥L̤@¦A¸ê§U«Où¡]¨£¥|16µùÄÀ¡^¡F«Où©ó²Ä¤T¦¸®Èµ{®É´¿¨â«×«³XµÌ¥ß¤ñ¡]®{¤G¤Q1-2¡B3-6¡^¡A²Ä¤@¦¸«³XµÌ¥ß¤ñ®É¥¿È«Où»PôªL¦h±Ð·|ªºÃö«Y«D±`ºò±i¡]°ÑªL«e¤Q¤»5¡FªL«á¤G13¡A¤C5-7¡^¡A¦ý«Où»P°¨¨ä¹yªº²³±Ð·|ªºÃö«Y«h«O«ù©Mµ½¡]°ÑªL«á¤K1-5¡^¡CµÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ¬v·¸ú¦«Où¹ïµÌ¥ß¤ñ±Ð·|ªºªY³ß©M·P¿E¤§±¡¡]¤@4-5¡A¥|1¡B10¡B15-18¡^¡C¬ù¥bÓ¥@¬ö¤§«á¡AµÌ¥ß¤ñ±Ð·|´¿·ÓÅU©¹Ã¹°¨¨ü¦Dªº¦w´£ªü¥D±Ð¥ì®æ¨º¥á¡F¤h¨C®³¥D±Ð«O§Q²¦bPµÌ¥ß¤ñ¤Hªº«H¤¤¡]¤@1¡B2¡^´¿´N¦¹¨Æ¡A¨Ã¦]¥LÌ°í꺫H¤ßÄ~Äòµ²¥XªG¤l¡Aªí¥ÜªY³ß¡C70
56 Gangites.
57 Beare 11.
58 Harrison, Introduction
342.
59 Sherwin-White, Roman Society 78-79.
60 'the principle of incompatibility'.
61 ¸Ô¨£Sherwin-White, Roman Society 79-82.
62 See J. Finegan, IDB III 787b. Cf.
Martin (NCB)5-6.
63 Martin (NCB)6.
64 Beare 12.
65 Cf. Bruce xvii-xviii, over against Beare
12 and Collange 2.
66 ¡u¨S¦³©w¸o¡v¡]®{¤Q¤»37¡^ªºì¤åakatakritousI«á¥i¯à¬Où°¨ªk«ßªº¦Wµüre
incognita¡×'without investigating the case': Martin (NCB)4; Bruce xxx n.20.
67 ´¿¦³¦è¦è¨½¡]Sicily¡^ªº¤@Óù°¨¤½¥Á¡A¥L¤@Ãä³ÛµÛ¡u§Ú¬Où°¨¤½¥Á¡v¤@ÃäÁÙ¬O³Q¥´¡]cf. Marshall, Acts 274; Martin [NCB]49¡^.
68 ¤À§O¨£¡GBruce xvii; Martin(NCB)4. Sherwin-White(Roman
Socity 82-83) «ü¥X¡A«Où©M¦è©Ôªº¨Æ¥óY¡u¤É¯Å¡vªº¸Ü¡A¥LÌ·|³Q°e¥æ¬Ùªø¶i¦æ¼f°T¡]°ÑªL«e¤Q¤K12¡^¡C
69 Bruce xviii.
70 Cf. Bruce xix.
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·Óµ§ªÌ¬Ý¨Ó¡AµÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ¤T³¹¤G¦Ü¤Ü¤@¸`©úÅã¦a¤À¬°¤T¬q¡A«Où¦b¨ä¤¤¤À§O¹ï¤TÓ¤£¦Pªº°ÝÃD¡]©Î¤TºØ¤£¦Pªº¿ù»~ºA«×©Î±Ð°V¡^§@¥X¤ÏÀ³¡C³o¤T¬q¬O¡G¤T³¹¤G¦Ü¤Q¤@¡B¤Q¤G¦Ü¤Q¤»¡B¤Q¤C¦Ü¤Ü¤@¸`¡C85¦bÀY¤@¬q¡A«Où¥H»À¦i¤£®hªº¤f§k´£¤Î¨º¨Ç°²®v³Å¡AµM«á®Ú¾Ú¥L¦Û¤vªº¸g¾ú»é¥¸µS¤Ó«ßªk¥D¸qªÌªºÂÕ»~¡C¥L¥u¬OnŪªÌ¡u´£¨¾¡v¥LÌ¡A¤]¨S¦³¹ï¥LÌ´£¥XÄY¼Fªº±±¶D©Î¥¸³d¡]°Ñ¥[¤@8-9¡A¤12¡^¡A³o¦ü¥Gªí¥Ü¨º¨Ç°²®v³Å¬O¤@ºØ¥i¯à©Î±NnÁ{¨ìªº¦MÀI¡A¦ý¼È®É©|¥¼²`¤JŪªÌ·í¤¤¡C²Ä¤G¬qªº©Ê½è±qº¬qªºª§ÅG§ï¬°ÄU«j¡]¡u§Ì¥SÌ¡v¡A13¡^¡A«Où¥H²Ä¤@¤HºÙ¡]¡u§ÚÌ¡v¡A¥]¬A¥L¦Û¤v¡A15¡^ªº·Å¬X»y½ÕÁ¿¸Ü¡Aªí¥Ü¥L²{¦b¤£¦A¬O¬°¤F°w¹ï¤@¨Ç°²®v³Å¡]¡u§O¤H¡v¡A4¡^¦ÓÅG©ú¯u²z¡A«o¬O¦bÀ°§UµÌ¥ß¤ñ±Ð·|¤¤¹ï¡u§¹¥þ¡vªº¬Ýªk¦³©Ò°¾®tªº«H®{¡C»P¦¹¬Û²Åªº¤@ÂI¡A´N¬OÁöµM¥L¦bº¬q¥ç¦³¥H¦Û¤v¬°¨Ò¡A¦ý«e¤@¬q©Ò»¡ªº¬O¥L¦p¦ó©ñ±ó¤F¥L¹L¥h¦bµS¤Ó±Ð¤¤ªº¦¨´N¡]°w¹ï«ßªk¥D¸q¡^¡A¥»¬q©Ò»¡ªº«o¬O¥L²{¤µ¦p¦ó¦sú¦¤£Â_°l¨DªººA«×¨Ó¹L¥Lªº°ò·þ®{¥Í¬¡86¡]°w¹ï¦Û»{¬°¡u§¹¥þ¡vªº«H®{¡^¡C²Ä¤T¬qÁöµMÄ~Äò¥ÎÄU«jªº¤f§k¡]¡u§Ì¥SÌ¡v¡A17¡^¡A¦ý«Où¦ü¥G¤S¦A´«¤F¤@Ó¸ÜÃD¡F87¥L²{¦b©ÒÃöª`ªº¬O¤@¨Ç¥LºÙ¬°¡u°ò·þ¤Q¦r¬[ªº¤³¼Ä¡v¥i¯à¹ïµÌ¥ß¤ñ¤H²£¥ÍªºÃa¼vÅT¡C¹³²Ä¤@¬q¨º¨Ç°²®v³Å¤@¼Ë¡A³o¨Ç¡u¤³¼Ä¡v¬O¤@ºØ¥i¯à©Î±NnÁ{¨ìªº¦MÀI¡A¥L̤£¬O¤w¸g¦bµÌ¥ß¤ñ¤H·í¤¤¡]¨£¤T18µùÄÀ¡^¡A§ó¤£¬OµÌ¥ß¤ñ±Ð·|¤ºªº«H®{¡C88
±µ¨ü¤F³oÓ°ò¥»¤F¸Ñ«á¡]§Y¥»³¹ªº¤T¬q¤À§O³B²z¤TÓ¤£¦Pªº°ÝÃD¡^¡A§ÚÌÁÙ»Ýn¶i¤@¨B°Q½×¤T³¹¤G¸`©M¤T³¹¤Q¤K¦Ü¤Q¤E¸`¨º¨â¯Z¤Hªº¨¥÷¡CÃö©ó²Ä¤@¯Z¤H¡A¤W¤å¤w¹ï¥L̬O¡u¯«¤H¡v«Å±Ð¤h©Î¬O¿Õ´µ©³¥D¸qªÌªº¬Ýªk´£¥XºÃ°Ý¡F¯u¥¿ªº¿ï¾Ü¬O»{¬°¥L̬OµS¤Ó¤H©Î¬OµS¤Ó¥D¸qªÌ¡C¤£¹L¡A»{¬°¥L̬OµS¤Ó¤H¦³¥H¤Uªº§xÃø¡G¡]¤@¡^¦p¤W¤å«ü¥X¡A«Où¦b¨ä¥L®Ñ«H¤¤±q¨S¦³µøµS¤Ó¤H¬°¦M®`±Ð·|ªº¥¦w»P¦X¤@¡A¦]¦¹¸ò¥LÌÅG½×¡C¡]¤G¡^´N¨Ï®{¦æ¶ÇªºÃҾکҤΡA¦bµÌ¥ß¤ñ¨Ã¨S¦³µS¤Ó¤Hªº¹ÎÅé¡CÁöµM¥i¯à¦³µS¤Ó¤H±q§OÓ«°¨Ó¨ìµÌ¥ß¤ñ¡A¦ý¦b³o±¡§Î¤U¡A¥ḺĥΪº¤â¬q³q±`¬O¤½¶}ªº¹G¢¡A©Î¦Ü¤Öº´°Ê§O¤H¶i¦æ¹G¢¡]°Ñ®{¤Q¥|2¡B5¡B19¡A¤Q¤C5¡B13¡A¤Q¤K12¡^¡A¦ý«Où¦b¦¹nµÌ¥ß¤ñ¤H´£¨¾ªº¡A¥Dn¬O¾a¨ü³Î§¤Î¦u«ßªk±oºÙ¬°¸qªº¿ùÂձаV¡C¡]¤T¡^¡u¦k¦Û¦æ³Îªº¡v¡]©M¦X¡^ì¤å¬OÓ«V°d©Êªº¦r¡A¨ã¶C·´©MÂƵø¤§·N¡F³o¦r¤£¤j¥i¯à¬O«üµS¤Ó¤H¡C¦]¬°«Où®Ñ«H¤¤¡]¥]¬A©««e¤G15-16¤@¬q¡^¨S¦³¥Î³oºØ¨¥»y´y¼g¥L¦×¨ªº¦PM¡]°Ñù¤E3¡G¡u§Ú°©¦×¤§¿Ë¡v¡^¡F¥L´£¤ÎµS¤Ó¤Hªº³Î§®É³£¥u¬O¥Î¥H¨Æ½×¨Æªº¤f§k¡]µÌ¤T5¡Fù¤T1¡A¥|11-12¡A¤Q¤8¡FªL«e¤C18-19¡F¥[¤6¡^¡A¬Æ¦Ü·í¥L±NµS¤Ó¤Hªº³Î§©M°ò·þ®{©Ò¸g¾úªºÄÝÆF§ïÅܧ@¤ñ¸û®É¡A¤´µM¨S¦³§â«eªÌ¯w§í¬°¤@ºØ¡u¦Û³Î¡vªº¦æ°Ê¡]°Ñ²{¤¤¡^¡C¥t¤@¤è±¡A«Où¹ï¨º¨Ç¥H³Î§¬°±o±Ïªº¥²³Æ±ø¥ó¦Ó§â¥¦±j¥[©ó¥~±Ú«H®{¨¤WªºµS¤Ó¥D¸qªÌ¡A«o¬O¶ú´c¦p¤³¡]°Ñ¥[¤@8-9¡^¡A«ë¤£±o¥LÌ¡u§â¦Û¤vìI³Î¤F¡I¡v¡]¥[¤12¡^¡C³oÁ¿ªk»PºÙ¥L̬°¡u¦k¦Û¦æ³Îªº¡v¥i»¡¦P¥X¤@Âá¡CÁÙ¦³¡A³oùتº°²®v³Å³QºÙ¬°¡u§@´cªº¡v¡A¸òôªL¦h¨º¨Ç¡u¸Þ¶Bªº¤u¤H¡v¬Û¦ü¡]ªL«á¤Q¤@13¡^¡A«áªÌ¤]¬OµS¤Ó¥D¸qªÌ¡C³o¨âÂI³£¤ä«ù¥»³¹¡]µÌ¤T2¡^©Ò«üªº¬OµS¤Ó¥D¸qªÌªº¬Ýªk¡C89
¨º¨Ç¡u°ò·þ¤Q¦r¬[ªº¤³¼Ä¡v¤S¬O¬Æ»ò¤H©O¡H¡]¤@¡^§â¥L̬ݬ°µS¤Ó¤H©ÎµS¤Ó¥D¸qªÌ±N·|¯A¤Î¤@¨Ç«D±`²o±j¡A¦Ó¥B²ª½¤£¥i¯àªº¸ÑÄÀ¡C¦]¬°ÕYÄY¦u«ßªk©Ò©wªº¶¼¹±ø¨Òµ¥©ó§â¦Û¤vªº¨{¸¡·í§@¤W«Ò¡A¨º»ò«Où¦bÂk¥D«e´N¬O¥Ç¤F¦¹¸o¡A¦ý«Où»¡¥L¨º®É¡u«öú¦«ßªk¤Wªº¸q¨Ó»¡¡K¡K¬OµL¥i«üºKªº¡v¡]¤T6¡^¡F«Où±q¨Ó¨S¦³µ·²@¦a·t¥Ü¥ô¦ó¤Hn¥H¦Û¤vªº³Î§¬°²Û®¢¡A¦Ó¥B¡u²Û®¢¡v¤@¦rì¤å90¦b·s¬ù¤¤¨S¦³¤@¦¸¬O¨ãÅé¦a«ü¤@Ó¤H¨Åé¤Wªº¨póB¡]¨ü³Îªº³¡¥÷¡^¡C91¡]¤G¡^¥L̬O«D°ò·þ®{92ªº¥i¯à©Ê¤£¤Î¥L̬O°ò·þ®{ªº¥i¯à©Ê¤j¡A¦]¬°¡u¦æ¨Æ¬°¤H¡v»P¡u¦æ¡v¡]¤T18¡B17¡^¦bì¤å¬O¦P¤@Ó¦r¡A«áªÌÅãµM«ü°ò·þ®{¡]¤£¹L¦P¤@Ó¦r©ó¥±¤G2¡A¥|17¬O¥Î¦b«D°ò·þ®{¨¤W¡^¡F«Où¸û¥i¯à¬O¦]¦Û»{¬°°ò·þ®{ªº¤H¥Ç¸o¦Ó¬y²\¡]°Ñ®{¤G¤Q31¡^¡A¹L©ó¦]¤£«Hªº¤Hªº¤£¹D¼w¦æ¬°¦ÓÃø¹L¡]°Ñù¤@24-32¡A¦ý¥ç°Ñ¤E1-3¡^¡FY¥L̬O¤£«H¥Dªº¤H¡AºÙ¥L̬°¡u°ò·þ¤Q¦r¬[ªº¤³¼Ä¡vÅܦ¨«Ü¥¤Zªº¸Ü¡A¨ÃµL¯S§O·N«ä¡C93¡]¤T¡^§â¥L̬ݬ°«H¥Dªº¿Õ´µ©³¥D¸qªÌ©Î¬O¦³¿Õ´µ©³¦â±mªº°ò·þ®{Áa¼¤¥D¸qªÌ94ªº§xÃø¡A¦b©ó¸g¤å¥»¨¡]¤T19¡^¨Ã¨S¦³Åã¥Ü¥L̦³¿Õ´µ©³¥D¸qªÌªº¯S¼x¡]°Ñ¥»¸`²Ä¤T¬q¡e§Y²Ä¤GÃþ¸ÑÄÀ¡fªº°Q½×¡^¡Cµ§ªÌ»{¬°¥¿½Tªº¸ÑÄÀ¡A´N¬O¡]¥|¡^§â¥L̬ݬ°¦W¸q¤W¬O°ò·þ®{ªºÁa¼¤¥D¸qªÌ¡C95³o¬Ýªk¤£¦ý®e³\¤T³¹¤Q¤E¸`ªº¸Ü«O«ù¥¦³Ì¦ÛµMªº·N«ä¡]¨£¸Ó³BµùÄÀ¡^¡A¨Ã¥B¦³¤U¦Cªº¨Æ¹ê¤©¥H¤ä«ù¡G«Où¦bù°¨®Ñ¤Q¤»³¹¤Q¤K¸`´£¨ì¤@¨Ç¡u¥uªA¨Æ¦Û¤vªº¨{¸¡¡vªº¤H¡A¥LÌ«Ü¥i¯à¬OÁa¼¤¥D¸qªÌ¡F³oùØ©Ò«üªº¤H³Q´y¼g¬°¡u¥H¨{¸¡¬°¯«¡v¡]¦¹Â½Ä¶¨£¤U±µùĶ¡^¡A¸òù°¨®Ñ¨º¯Z¤H«D±`¬Û¦ü¡C¦¹¥~¡A«Où¦b¥»³¹¥ý«áĵ§iŪªÌ¨¾³ÆµS¤Ó¥D¸qªÌ¡]¤T2¡^¤ÎÁa¼¤¥D¸qªÌ¡]¤T17-21¡^ªº°µªk¡A¦b¥[©Ô¤Ó®Ñ²Ä¤³¹¦³¥t¤@Ó¨Ò¤l¡]¤ñ¸û¤1©M¤13¡^¡C96
Á`¬A¥»¸`ªº°Q½×¡AµÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ²Ä¤T³¹©Ò»¡ªº°²®v³Å¡A¬O¨â¯Z¤£¦Pªº¤H¡F¥L̤À§O¬OµS¤Ó¥D¸qªÌ¡]¤T2¡^©MÁa¼¤¥D¸qªÌ¡]¤T18-19¡^¡F¥L̳£¤£¬O¦bµÌ¥ß¤ñ±Ð·|ùرªº¡C¦Ü©ó¤T³¹¤Q¤G¦Ü¤Q¤»¸`©Ò¤Ï¬M¨º¨Ç¦Û»{¬°¤w¸g§¹¥þªº¤H¡A¥L̤£¬O¥t¤@¯Z°²®v³Å¡A¦Ó¥u¬OµÌ¥ß¤ñ±Ð·|¤º¤@¨Ç¤£¦¨¼ôªº«H®{¡C
71 E.g. Hawthorne xliv-xlviii; Houlden
103-105; A.F.J. Klijn, as cited in Martin (NCB)23-24(cf. NTA ¡±10[1965-66]-1018).
72 E.g. Manson, Studies 163; Mu/ller 104-106, 129-132; Gunther, Opponents 61, 75-76, 98, 136, 209; J.
Behm. TDNT III 788. TDNTA 447.
73 Cf. Martin (NCB)24. with reference to J.
Gnilka.
74 Wong, 'Humiliation' 26.
75 H. Ko/ster, as cited in Martin (NCB)25-26; cf. NTA ¡±7(1962-63)-226.
76 'radicalized spiritualistic
eschatology'.
77 Martin (NCB)26; Wong, 'Humiliation' 25
with n.1.
78 W. Schmithals, as cited in Martin
(NCB)26-27. Cf. C.R. Holladay, as reported in NTA¡±14(1969-70)-612;
Marxsen, Introduction 63-64.
79 Martin (NCB)27-28; Wong, 'Humiliation'
25. J.B. Tyson(as reported in NTA¡±20[1976]-891)§åµûSchmithals¤ÎKo/sterªº¨£¸Ñ¨Ã§@¥X¤£¦Pªºµ²½×¡C
80 ¤À§O¨£¡GWong. 'Humiliation' 24 with n.2; Collange
13.
81 theios ane{r¡×'divine
man'. °Ñ¤U±²Ä129¶¡Aµù68¤Î©ÒÄÝ¥¿¤å¡C
82 J. Gnilka, as reported in NTA¡±10(1965-66)-613;
cf. Collange 13-14.¤£¹L«áªÌ»{¬°µÌ¥ß¤ñªº°²®v³Å¤£¤ÎôªL¦hªº¦³Å鱡A¥L̹³¬Oªþ±qªÌ»P®v³Å¤§¤ñ¡C
83 Martin (NCB)33-34¦P®Ñ²Ä125¶»¡¡A³o¨ÇµS¤Ó¤H¬O¦³¿Õ´µ©³¦â±mªº¡]°Ñ¤U±µù94¤Î©ÒÄÝ¥¿¤å¡^¡C
84 Wong. 'Humiliation' 28.
85 Cf. Nestle-Aland, RSV, ·sĶ¥»¡A©M¦X¥»ªº¤À¬qªk¡C
86 Wong. 'Humiliation' 31.
87 RV. NASB¥H¤T1-16¬°¤@¬q¡A17-21¬°¥t¤@¬q¡F¦¹¤À¬qªk¤ä«ù¥¿¤åªº¬Ýªk¡C
88 ¦]¦¹µ§ªÌ¥¼¯à¦P·N¶À¤óªº¬Ýªk¡A¦o»{¬°¤T12-21¬O¤@¬q¡A¨ä¤¤¨âÓ¤À¬q¡]12-16,
17-21¡^ªºÃö«Y¦p¤U¡G¨º¨Ç¡u§¹¥þ¥D¸qªÌ¡vªº¿ùÂÕ«ä·Q¾ÉP¥L̦b¦æ¬°¤Wªº°¾®t ¡]Wong.
'Humiliation' 19-36¡^.
89 Cf. e.g. Lightfoot 143-144; Vincent
92-93; Michael 133. Grayston (Opponents) »{¬°¡uª¯¡v¥u¯à«ü¥~±Ú¤H¡]171b¡^¡A¥Lªº²z¥Ñ¬O¡G«Où®Ñ«H¥L³B¨Ã¨S¦³ºÙ±Ð·|¬°¡u¨ü³Î§ªº¡v¡]'the
circumcision'¡^¡A¤]¨S¦³¥Î¶S§íªº¤f§k´£¤Î³Î§¡]170b¡^¡C¦ýù¤G28-29©M¦è¤G11³£·t¥Ü±Ð·|¤~¬O¯u¨ü³Î§ªº¡AµÌ¤T3¥u¬O§â³o·N«ä©ú»¡¥X¨Ó¡F«Où¨S¦³¥H¶S§íªº¤f§k´£¤Î³Î§¡A¤£µ¥©ó¥L¤£¥i¯à¥H³o¼Ëªº¤f§k´£¤Î³Î§¥D¸qªÌ¡]¦p¥¿¤å©Ò¸ÑÄÀªº¡^¡C§@ªÌ»{¬°¤T2©Ò«üªº¬O¤@¯Z¥~±Úªº¥b¿Õ´µ©³¥D¸qªÌ¡A¥ḺįǤF³Î§§@¬°¤@ºØ¶H¼x©Êªº»ö¦¡¡C¦ý¡uYn±qµÌ¤T2¬Ý¥X¿Õ´µ©³¥D¸q¨Ó¡A´N±o¥ý§â¥¦©ñ¶i¥h¡v¡]Bruce 81¡^¡C
90 aischyne{ : ¥t¨£©ó¸ô¤Q¥|9¡FªL«á¥|2¡F¨Ó¤Q¤G2¡FµS13¡F±Ò¤T18¡C
91 Hendriksen 179 n. 160; cf. Beare 133.
92 E.g. E. Brandenburger, NIDNTT I
400; Guthrie, Theology 559.
93 Kennedy 461; Michael 172; Martin
(NCB)143.
94 ¤À§O¨£¡GE.D. Schmitz, NIDNTT II402; Martin
(NCB)144 ¡]°Ñ¤W±µù83¡^¡C
95 Kennedy 461; Moule 71; Michael 172;
Beare 134; J. Schneider, TDNT VII 576, TDNTA 1072; Hendriksen
178. R. Jewett (as reported in NTA¡±15[1970-71]-955) ¦P·N¦¹»¡¡C¤£¹L¥L»{¬°«Où·íªì¦bµÌ¥ß¤ñ¶Ç¹D®É´¿§â¥L̳v¥X±Ð·|¡A¦¹ÂI¯ÂÄÝÁr´ú¡C
96 Hendriksen 178.
³°¡@¼g§@ªº¦aÂI©M®É¶¡
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¡]¤T¡^µÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ¤@³¹¤T¤Q¸`¤Î¥|³¹¤Q¤¦Ü¤Q¤»¸`¦ü¥Gªí¥Ü¡A«Où¦Û±qªì¦¸¦bµÌ¥ß¤ñ¶ÇºÖµ«á¡A¤@ª½¨S¦³«³XµÌ¥ß¤ñ¡F¦ýµÌ¥ß¤ñ®ÑY¬O¼g©óù°¨¡A«Où¨Æ¹ê¤W´¿¨â¦¸«³XµÌ¥ß¤ñ¡]®{¤G¤Q1-6¡^¡C¦ý¬O¡A±q¤@³¹¤T¤Q¸`©M¥|³¹¤Q¤¦Ü¤Q¤»¸`¤Þ¥X¨Óªº§t·N¬OȱoÃhºÃªº¡C«Oùªì¦¸¦bµÌ¥ß¤ñ¶Ç¹D®É´¿¡u³Q®`¨ü°d¡v¡]©««e¤G2¡A©M¦X¡F°Ñ®{¤Q¤»19-40¡^¡A¦ý¦b¥L¨ä«á¨â¦¸«³XµÌ¥ß¤ñ®É¡A¨Ï®{¦æ¶Ç¨ÃµL°O¸ü¥L¦³¦P¼Ë©ÎÃþ¦üªº¸g¾ú¡A¦]¦¹«Où´£¨ì¡uª§¾Ô¡v®É¡A«K¦ÛµM¦a«´£¥L¤Q¤@¡B¤G¦~«eªº¸g¾ú¡C·Ó¼Ë¡A«Où©ó¥|³¹¤Q¤¸`¡]°Ñ¤@5¡^¬O¦b¾Ðz¤@¨Ç©¹¨Æ¡F¥L´£¤ÎŪªÌ³Ìªì«H¥D¤§®É¨Ã¤£ªí¥Ü¨º¬O¤£¤[¤§«eªº¨Æ¡C107
¡]¥|¡^«Où¦bù°¨ªº±¡ªp¬O¤@ºØ¡u¦Û¥ÑªººÊ¸T¡v¡]®{¤Ü¤K30-31¡^¡A¦ýµÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ«hÅã¥Ü«Oùµø¦º¬°¤@ºØ¢ªñ¬Ü·ûªº¥i¯à¡]¤@20-23¡B30¡A¤G17¡^¡C¦¹¥~¡A«Où¦bC¸ô¼»§N³Q®·¬O¦]¥L³Q±±¦Ã©¤F¸t·µ¡]®{¤Ü¤@28¡A¤Ü¥|6¡A¤Ü¤8¡^¡A¥L¤]¬O±aú¦³o±±¸o³Q¸Ñ¨ìù°¨¡]°Ñ®{¤Ü¤K17¡^¡A¦ýµÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ«hÅã¥Ü¥L¬O¦]¶ÇºÖµ¦Ó³Q±±ªº¡]µÌ¤@13¡B16¡^¡C´«¨¥¤§¡AµÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ»P¨Ï®{¦æ¶Ç©Ò¤Ï¬Mªº±¡§Î¤¬¤£¨ó½Õ¡C
¥i¬O¡A¦b«Oùµ¥Ô¼f°T¹L¤F¨â¦~¤§«á¡A¥Lªº®×¥ó²×©ó´£¼f¤F¡A¨Ã¥B¨Ï¥L·NÃѨì¥L¦³¥i¯à·|³Q§P¦º¦D¡A³oºØ°²³]¨Ã«D¤£¦X²zªº¡C¦Ó¥B´N¬O¨ì¤F³oÓ®ÉÔ¡A¥L¤´¥i¥H¦Û¥Ñ¦a¸ò¥Lªº±Ð·|³q«H¡A¨Ã¬°¥Lªº§U¤â´£¼¯¤Ó¤Î¥H¤Ú¥±´£¦w±Æ¦æµ{¡A³o±¡ªp¸ò¨Ï®{¦æ¶Çªº´yz¤´µMýÁ¦X¡C¦Ü©ó¨Ï®{¦æ¶Ç©MµÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ¤Ï¬M¤F¹ï«Où¤£¦Pªº±±¸o¦¹ÂI¡A§ÚÌn°O±o«Où¦bµÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ¬O±q¥L¦Û¤vªº¨¤«×¡]¤@7¡B13¡^¤Î±q¨º¨Ç©M¥L¦P¤ßªº¤Hªº¨¤«×¡]¤@16¡^¡A´£¨ì¥L³QºÊ¸Tªº¯u¥¿ì¦]¡A¡u®cùتº½Ã¶¤©M¨ä¾lªº¤H¡v¡]¤@13¡^¬O¦]ª½±µ»P«Où¦³±µÄ²¡A©Î³z¹L¨º¨Çª½±µ»P«Où¦³±µÄ²ªº¤H¡A¦Ó±oª¾¥L¨ü®¹Âꪺ¯u¥¿ì¦]¡C´«¨¥¤§¡AµÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ¤@³¹¤C¡B¤Q¤T¡B¤Q¤»¸`¤£¤@©w¬O¤Ï¬M«Où©Ò¨üªº¥¿¦¡ªº±±¸o¡A¦]¦¹»P¨Ï®{¦æ¶Çªº°O¸ü¨ÃµL½Ä¬ð¡C108¡]ÕY³oùتº¤Ï¹ï²z¥Ñ¦¨¥ß¡A«h«Oùªº©Ò¦b¦a¤]¤£¥i¯à¬O¸Ó¼»§Q¨È¡G°Ñ®{¤Ü¥|5-6¡C¡^
97 ¥H¤U¥Dn¨ú§÷¦Û¡GBeare 16-24; Guthrie, Introduction 526-536;
Reicke, Caesarea 283-286; Hendriksen 23-31; Mu/ller 27-28.
98 Beare 22. Cf. Lightfoot 99-104; Vincent
51-52; Conybeare and Howson, Paul 719 n.11.
99 ¤G¦r¤À§O¬°¡Gpraetorium, praito{rion.
100 Recike, Caesarea 283, 285.
101 Cf. Martin (NCB)40-44.
102 Cf. Beare 19; Harrison, Introduction 318;
Guthrie, Introduction 529.
103 Reicke ('Caesarea' 284) »{¬°¥u¦³¨â¦¸®Èµ{¡G¥H¤Ú¥±´£±qµÌ¥ß¤ñ¨Ó¡F¦³¤H±N¥L¯f˪º®ø®§±aªðµÌ¥ß¤ñ¡]§Y¤W±ªº²Ä¤G¤Î²Ä¤T¦¸¡^¡CHoulden 112 «ü¥X¡A¤G26¨Ã¨S¦³»¡¥H¤Ú¥±´£¤ÎµÌ¥ß¤ñ¤H¬Ò¦³«Hµ¹¹ï¤è¡CGarland('Composition and Unity' 152)¥ç¿×¥H¤Ú¥±´£¤£¥²µ¥¨ìµÌ¥ß¤ñ¤H¦³«Hµ¹¥L¡]©Î«Où¡^©ú»¡¥L̦]ª¾¹D¥L¯f¤F¦Ó±¾¤ß¡A¥ç·|²q·Q±¡§Î·|¬O¨º¼Ëªº¡C
104 Beare 19; Bruce xxv-xxvi.
105 Cf. Guthrie, Introduction 530;
Hawthorne xlii.
106 Cf. Beare 19; Bruce xxiv-xxv; Hendriksen
26-27; Guthrie, Introduction 531; Harrison, Introduction 319.
107 Ku/mmel(Introduction 231) »¡¡AµÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ¨S¦³¥ô¦ó¦a¤èªí¥Ü«Où¦bµÌ¥ß¤ñ«Ø¥ß±Ð·|«á¥¼´¿«Á{¸Ó¦a¢w¢wÁöµM§@ªÌ¨Ã¤£¤ä«ù¦¹«H¬O¼g©óù°¨ªº¬Ýªk¡C
108 Ku/mmel(Introduction 234) »{¬°µÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ¤Î¨Ï®{¦æ¶Ç¨Ã¤£¤Ï¬M¨âºØ¤£¦Pªº±±¶D¡A¥Lªº²z¥Ñ¬O¨Ï®{¦æ¶Ç¦³Ãö«Où¨ü¼fªº¸ê®Æ¤£¬O¨º»ò²M·¡¡C
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109 ¡u¬£¨Ó¡vì¤åKeimaiªº¦r±·N¸q¬°¡u¦b¡Bª×¡v (lie,
recline; cf. NEB; 'as I lie in prison').
110 ³o¤]³\¥i³Qµø¬°µªÂФFG.S. Duncan (IDB III 789b) ´£¥Xªº¤@Ó°ÝÃD¡G«Où¬°¬Æ»òn±q¸Ó¼»§Q¨È«³XµÌ¥ß¤ñ(¥L¤w«Á{¸Ó¦a¨â¦¸)¦Ó¤£ª½±µ©¹Ã¹°¨¥h¡H
111 ¥H¤W¤CÂI¨£Hawthorne xli-xlii; Robinson, Redating
60-61.
112 Gunther, Paul 102(cf. 107-114).
113 Hawthorne xliii, against Marxsen, Introduction
64.
114 Guthrie, Introduction 527;
Hendriksen 24.
115 Cf. Martin (NCB)46.
116 Houlden 44»{¬°¡A¥Î¨Ó¤ä«ù¸Ó¼»§Q¨È¤§»¡ªº½×¾Ú¡A¨S¦³¤@¶µ¤£¦P¼Ë¾A¥Î©óù°¨¤§»¡¡CCollange 17¬Æ¦Ü»¡¡G¡uµÌ¥ß¤ñÂ÷¶}¸Ó¼»§Q¨È¹³Â÷¶}ù°¨¤@¼Ë»·¡F¸Ó¼»§Q¨È¤§»¡¨ã¦³Ã¹°¨¤§»¡ªº¤@¤Á¯ÊÂI¡A¦ý¨S¦³¥ô¦óªø³B¡C¡v
117 Gunther, Paul 105-106.
118 Ibid. 104-105.
119 Robinson, Redating 60; Hawthorne
xliii.
120 Ãö©óprovocatio¡]¨Ï®{¦æ¶Ç¡^¤Î«á´Áªºappellatio¨âºØ¡u¤W¶D¡vªkªº¤À§O¡A¨£Sherwin-White,
Roman Society 68-70.
121 Hendriksen 27.
122 Martin (NCB)47; Guthrie, Introduction
527, Cf. Bruce xxiii, 'Philippian Correspondence' 264-265.
¥H¥±©Ò
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123 Cf. Martin (NCB)48-56; Michael xiii-xxi;
Collange 17-19; Ku/mmel, Introduction 329-332.
124 Beare 23 ®Ú¥»ÃhºÃ¥H¥±©Ò¬O§_¦³°«Ã~³õ¡C
125 ¦¹ÂI¨£Michael xiv-xv.
126 Cf. Ku/mmel, Introduction 331.
127 E.G. Cranfield, Romans 5-11;
Bruce, Romans 26-29.
128 Reicke, 'Caesarea' 283; Bruce xxii.
129 ¦P¤W±µù126.
130 Cf. Guthrie, Introduction 533, Ãö©ó®{¤Q¤E22©MªL«e¥|17¡F¤Q¤»10¬O§_«ü¦P¤@¦¸®Èµ{ªº°ÝÃD¡A¨£µÌ¤G19µùÄÀ¡C
131 Cf. Guthrie, Introduction 534; Ku/mmel, Introduction 330; Beare 21, with reference to C.L. Mitton.
132 Guthrie, Introduction 534.
133 ¤À§OºÙ¬°imperial province¤Îsenatorial
province.
134 Reicke, 'Caesarea' 283; cf. Harrison, Introduction
318, with reference to F.W. Beare.
135 Bruce xxii.
136 Michael xx; G.S. Duncan, IDB III
790b.
137 Martin (NCB)55.
138 Martin (NCB)56¤ÞW.
Michaelisªº·N¨£»¡¡A§Ṳ́£ª¾¹D«Où·í®Éªº³B¹Ò¡A¹ï¥H¥±©Òªºªk®x©Òª¾ªº¤]¤Ó¤Ö¡A¦]¦¹§Ṳ́£¯à»¡¥LªºÃ¹°¨¤½¥Á¨¥÷¦b·í¦a·|¦³¦h¤jªº§@¥Î¡C¦ý³oµ¥©ó©Ó»{¡A°ÝÃD¨S¦³µª®×¡C
139 Michael xv.
140 ¤À§O¨£¡GRobinson, Redating 58-59;
Hawthorne xxxix. Grant(Introduction 193) »{¬°¡A¦¹»¡ªº¥¿±ÃÒ¾Ú·¥¤Ö¡A¥HP¦¹»¡¤£¯à¥Î¨Ó°Q½×«Oùªº®Ñ«H¡]§Y¬O¦¹»¡¦b«Où®Ñ«Hªº°Q½×¤¤¨S¦³¦a¦ì¡^¡C
141 Beare 23.
ôªL¦h
¥HôªL¦h¬°µÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ¼g§@¦aÂI¤§»¡¡Aº¦¸¦b¤Q¤K¥@¬ö¥X²{¡A³Ìªñ¦³¤@¾ÇªÌ¦A¦¸´£¥X¡C¤ä«ù¦¹»¡ªº¥Dn½×¾Ú¦p¤U¡G¡]¤@¡^ôªL¦h¦³¬Ùªø¡]®{¤Q¤K18¡^¡A¥Ñ¦¹±À½×¡A¸Ó³B¥ç¦³¡u¸Åªù¡v¡]µÌ¤@13¡A°Ñ®{¤Ü¤T35¡F¦¹¤G¸`¤À§O´£¤Îªº¡u®cùتº½Ã¶¤¡v¤Î¡u¸Åªù¡v¦bì¤å¬O¦P¤@Ó¦r¡^©M¡u³Í¼»®aùتº¤H¡v¡]µÌ¥|22¡^¡A§Y¬O³Í¼»ªº¹µû¡C¡]¤G¡^ôªL¦h¤ñ°_¸Ó¼»§Q¨È¡Bù°¨¤Î¥H¥±©Ò³£§ó±µªñµÌ¥ß¤ñ¡A¦]¦¹«H¤¤©Ò·t¥Üªº¦b¨â¦a¤§¶¡ªº¼Æ¦¸®Èµ{¸û©ö²z¸Ñ¡C¡]¤T¡^µÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ¬Ý¦ü¼g©ó«Où»P±q¶®¦U¨ºùبӪºµS¤Ó¤Hµo¥Íª§ÅG¤§¥ý¡A¦]¦¹¥i¯à¬O¼g¦bôªL¦h«e®Ñ¤§«e¡]¸Ó®Ñ¼g©ó«Où¦b¥H¥±©Ò¶Ç¹Dªºªì´Á¡^¢w¢w§Y¬O·í¥LÁÙ¦bôªL¦h®É¡C¡]¥|¡^«Où»¡µÌ¥ß¤ñ¤H¨S¦³¾÷·|ªí¥Ü¥L̪ºÃö¤ß¡]µÌ¥|10¡^¡F³o¬O¥Ñ©ó«Où»Ýn¨³³tÂ÷¶}©«¼»Ã¹¥§{°k©¹¤ñ¨½¨È¡AµM«á°k¨ì¶®¨å¡Fµ¥¥L¨ì¤FôªL¦h®É¤w¬O¥V¤Ñ¡A¦]¦¹µÌ¥ß¤ñ¤Hn«Ý¥V¤Ñ¹L«á¡A¤ô¸ô«·s¶}©ñ¤~¯à¥´µo¥H¤Ú¥±´£©¹«Où¨ºùØ¥h¡C¦¹¨Æ¦bôªL¦h«á®Ñ¤Q¤@³¹¤E¸`´£¤Î¡C¡]¤¡^«Où¦bôªL¦h®É±o¨ì¥DÂÇú¦²§¶H¹ªÀy¥L¡]®{¤Q¤K9-10¡^¡A¥L¦bC¸ô¼»§N§¤ºÊ®É¥ç¦³¦P¼Ëªº¸g¾ú¡]®{¤Ü¤T11¡^¡A¤GªÌ«D±`¬Û¦ü¡F¥Ñ¦¹±À½×¡A«Où¦bôªL¦hªº¼Ä¤H´¿§â¥L¤U¦bºÊùبåH¦º®£À~¥L¡C¦ý¥L¬J±q²§¶H±o¦w¼¢¡A«K¯à¼g¥XµÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ¤@³¹¤G¤Q¸`ªº¸Ü¡C142
³oӬݪk³Ì¤jªº§xÃø¡A´N¬O¨ÃµLµ·²@ÃÒ¾Úªí¥Ü«Où´¿¦bôªL¦h§¤ºÊ¡F¦b¦¹ÂI¤W¡A«Où¦bôªL¦h³Q¥}¤§»¡¤ñ°_¥L¦b¥H¥±©Ò³Q¥}¤§»¡§ó¯Ê¥F®Ú¾Ú¡C¦¹¥~¡A«Où¦bôªL¦h®É¡A¥L©¾¸ÛªºªB¤Í¨È©~©Ô©M¦Ê°ò©Ô¤]¦b¨ºùØ¡]®{¤Q¤K1-3¡B18¡^¡A³o¨Æ¹êÃø»P«Où¦bµÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ¤G³¹¤G¤Q¸`ªº¸Ü¨ó½Õ¡C¦]¦¹¡AµÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ¼g©óôªL¦h¬OÓ«D±`¤£¥i¯àªº¬Ýªk¡C
Á`¬A¥»¸`ªº°Q½×¡G¦b¤Wz¥|Ӭݪk¤§¤¤¡A³Ì«á¤@»¡¡]µÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ¼g©óôªL¦h¡^¥i»¡¨S¦³¥ô¦óÃÒ¾Ú¤ä«ù¡A¦]¦¹¤£È±o¥[¥HÄYµÂªº¦Ò¼{¡]¥¦¤]¬O³Ì¤£¬°¾ÇªÌ±Ä¯Çªº¬Ýªk¡^¡C²Ä¤TӬݪk¡]¥H¥±©Ò¡^¤]¤£¤j¥i¯à¥¿½T¡A¦]¬°°£¤F¯Ê¥F«Où´¿©ó¥H¥±©Ò³Q¥}ªºª½±µÃÒ¾Ú¥~¡AµÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ¤@³¹¤Q¤T¸`Ķ¬°¡u®cùتº½Ã¶¤¡vªº¨ºÓì¤å¯à§_«ü¤@Ó¤¸¦Ñ°|ºÞÁÒ¤§¬Ù¥÷¡]¦p¨È¦è¨È¡^ªºÁ`·þ©xªó¡A¬O«D±`ȱo¸mºÃªº¤@ÂI¡C²Ä¤GÓ¡]¸Ó¼»§Q¨È¡^©M²Ä¤@Ӭݪk¡]ù°¨¡^¤ñ¸û¤§¤U¡Aµ§ªÌ»{¬°«áªÌÅãµM¸û¬°Àu³Ó¡C¦]¦¹¡AÁöµM¦³¾ÇªÌ»{¬°ÃÒ¾Ú¤£°÷²M·¡¥HP¤£¯à§@¥X¨M©w¡A143©Î»{¬°À³¦b¥H¥±©Ò¤Î¸Ó¼»§Q¨È¤§¶¡§@¥X¿ï¾Ü¡A144¶Ç²Îªº¬Ýªk¡]ù°¨¡^ÁöµM¤£¬Oµ´¹ï¨S¦³§xÃø¡A¦ý¦b¤ñ¸û¤§¤UÁÙ¬O³Ì¥i¯à¥¿½Tªºµ²½×¡C«ö¦¹¤F¸Ñ¡AµÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ¬O¼g©ó«Où¦bù°¨§¤ºÊªº´Á¶¡¡A¥i¯à¬O¦b¨Ï®{¦æ¶Ç¤Ü¤K³¹¤T¤Q¸`©Ò°O¸ü¨º¡u¨â¦~¡v¡]¬ù60-62¦~¡^ªº¥½´Á©Îµy«á¡C145
142 S. Dockx (cf. NTA¡±18[1973-74]980), as cited in Martin (NCB)44-45 and in Hawthorne xl. T.W.
Mansion (Studies 161)ÁöµM¥H¥H¥±©Ò¬°µÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ¼g§@¦aÂI¡A¦ý¥L»{¬°«H¤¤´£¤Î«Où§¤ºÊªº¨Æ¡A«h¬O¦bôªL¦hµo¥Íªº¡AµÌ¤@14-18¤Ï¬M¤FôªL¦h±Ð·|ªºÄÒ¬£¤§ª§¡]ªL«e1-4¡^¡C¦ý«Où¥u¬O³Q©Ô¨ì{¬yªº¼f§P»O«e¡A¨Ã¥B{¬y±NµS¤Ó¤H¹ï«Oùªº±±¶D¸m¤§¤£²z¡F³o»PµÌ¤@20-23¤Î¤G17©Ò¤Ï¬Mªº¸g¾ú¤j¤£¬Û¦P¡C¨£Harrison, Introduction 320; Martin (NCB)45.
143 Martin (NCB)56; Foundations
2.205; IBD II
144 Ku/mmel, Introduction 332.
145 Ãö©óµÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ»P¨ä¾l¤T¨÷ºÊº»®Ñ«H¡]¥H¥±®Ñ¡Bºqù¦è®Ñ¡BµÌ§Qªù®Ñ¡^ªºÃö«Y¡AReicke¡]'Caesarea'¡^»{¬°«eªÌ¼g©óù°¨¡A«áªÌ¼g©ó¸Ó¼»§Q¨È¡C±N¥|¨÷®Ñµø¬°¥X¦Û¦P¤@Ó¦a¤èªºÄÀ¸gªÌ¤¤¡A¤@¨Ç»{¬°µÌ¥ß¤ñ®Ñ¥ý©ó¨ä¥L¤T¨÷¡]e.g. Lightfoot 30-46; Robinson, Redating 77-80¡^¡A¦ýµ´¤j¦h¼Æ«ù¬Û¤Ïªº·N¨£(e.g.
Vincent xxxii-xxv; Hendriksen 29-31). Cf. Martin (NCB)36-37.
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